Ruby 4.0: To Infinity and Beyond (RailsIsrael 2016)

Slide deck from my Ruby 4.0 presentation at RailsIsrael 2016.

Transcript

2. םוֹלָׁש
3. Божидар
5. Bozhidar
6. Bozho cool
7. Bozo not cool
8. Bug cool
11. bbatsov
21. Ruby 4.0: To INFINITY and Beyound by Bozhidar Batsov
23. Not on Ruby’s Core Team
24. –Matz “We’ll aim to release Ruby 3 for the Olympic Games in Tokyo in 2020.”
25. Ruby is now mature
26. Build the things your users need, instead of the things they want.
28. The track record of recent Ruby innovation
29. Ruby != MRI
30. 3.times do puts "Ruby Rocks!" end
31. Ruby 2.0
32. • keyword arguments • %i • UTF-8 is now the default source file encoding • Refinements (experimental feature)
33. Ruby 2.1
34. • Rational/Complex Literal • defs return value • Refinements are no longer experimental feature
35. Ruby 2.2
36. Nada
37. Ruby 2.3
38. • frozen string literals pragma • safe navigation operator (&.)
39. Ruby 2.4
40. • Unify Fixnum and Bignum into Integer • Support Unicode case mappings
41. Java innovates more!
42. What about Ruby 3.0?
43. Little is known about it…
44. Optional static typing? rejected
45. Duck inference?
46. Better support for concurrent & parallel programming
48. 3 times faster performance?
49. Getting rid of some quirky features?
50. We’re not going to repeat the Python 3 mistakes! — Matz
51. And what about the Perl 6 mistakes? — Bozhidar
52. Ruby 4.0
53. Codename Buzz
54. Ruby 4x4
55. Ruby 4 is going to be 4 times faster than Ruby 3
56. Ruby 4 is going to be 12 times faster than Ruby 2
57. Ruby 4 is finally going to be fast enough!
58. Ruby 4.0, the language
59. Ruby 4.0, the language (and maybe the Standard Library)
60. Design principle #1
61. Continue to optimize for happiness
62. Add some useful new features
63. Immutable data structures
64. vector
65. v = @[1, 2, 3]
66. immutable hash
67. m = @{one: 1, two: 2}
68. immutable set
69. s = @${1, 2, 3}
70. s = ${1, 2, 3}
71. Static typing and runtime contracts
72. Inspired by RDL
73. type '(Fixnum, Fixnum) -> String' def m(x, y) ... end
74. pre { |x| x > 0 } post { |r,x| r > 0 } def sqrt(x) # return the square root of x end
75. type '(Float x {{ x>=0 }}) -> Float y {{ y>=0 }}' def sqrt(x) # return the square root of x end
76. Better concurrency APIs
77. Inspired by concurrent-ruby
78. CSP
79. messages = Concurrent::Channel.new Concurrent::Channel.go do messages.put 'ping' end msg = messages.take puts msg
80. def sum(a, c) sum = a.reduce(0, &:+) c << sum # `<<` is an alias for `put` or `send` end a = [7, 2, 8, -9, 4, 0] l = a.length / 2 c = Concurrent::Channel.new Concurrent::Channel.go { sum(a[-l, l], c) } Concurrent::Channel.go { sum(a[0, l], c) } x, y = ~c, ~c # `~` is an alias for `take` or `receive` puts [x, y, x+y].join(' ')
81. Design principle #2
82. Simplicity
83. Simplicity is the ultimate sophistication.
84. Less is more
85. Simplicity leads to happiness.
86. Let’s drop some stuff
87. Let’s drop some useless stuff
88. for loops
89. for name in names puts name end
90. names.each do |name| puts name end
91. BEGIN & END
92. END { puts 'Bye!' } puts 'Processing...' BEGIN { puts 'Starting...' }
93. puts 'Bye!' puts 'Starting...' puts 'Processing...'
94. Kernel#at_exit, anyone?
95. flip-flops
96. DATA.each_line do |line| print(line) if (line =~ /begin/)..(line =~ /end/) end
97. block comments
98. =begin comment line another comment line =end
99. Must be placed at the very beginning of a line
100. class SomeClass =begin This is a top comment. Or is it? =end def some_method end end
101. class SomeClass =begin This is a top comment. Or is it? =end def some_method end end
102. Character literals
103. pry(main)> ?a => "a"
104. Let’s drop some redundant stuff
105. There’s more than one way to do it
106. (There are way too many ways to do it)
107. core library method aliases
108. collect => map inject => reduce detect => find select => find_all sprintf => format length => size raise => fail
109. Where is filter?
110. map reduce find filter format length raise
111. procs
112. No arity check
113. Non-local return
114. Do we really need them?
115. So many languages are getting by just fine with only lambdas…
117. Single-quoted string literals
119. A ton of obscure %- something literals
120. %s, %x, %w, %W, %r, %q, %Q, %, %i
121. So excited to be here!
122. puts "Hello, Tel Aviv!" puts "Hello, Tel Aviv!" puts "Hello, Tel Aviv!"
123. for i in 1..3 puts "Hello, Tel Aviv!" end
124. 3.times do puts "Hello, Tel Aviv!" end
125. 3.times do puts %(Hello, Tel Aviv!) end
126. 3.times do puts %Q(Hello, Tel Aviv!) end
127. 3.times do puts 'Hello, Tel Aviv!' end
128. 3.times do puts %q(Hello, Tel Aviv!) end
131. Are all those options worth our while?
133. Let’s fix some stuff!
134. and & or have the same precedence
135. So many nils floating around
136. pry(main)> "TOP".upcase => "TOP" pry(main)> "TOP".upcase! => nil
137. Mutable strings
138. Even JavaScript got this right…
139. Reassignable constants
140. pry(main)> A = 5 => 5 pry(main)> A = 6 (pry):39: warning: already initialized constant A (pry):38: warning: previous definition of A was here => 6 pry(main)> Class = 3 (pry):40: warning: already initialized constant Class => 3 pry(main)> Class => 3
141. Class variables
142. class Parent @@class_var = 'parent' def self.print_class_var puts @@class_var end end class Child < Parent @@class_var = 'child' end Parent.print_class_var # => will print "child"
143. Poorly named methods
144. Kernel#puts
145. Kernel#println, anyone?
146. Kernel#print
147. defined?
148. [1] pry(main)> defined? 10 => "expression" [2] pry(main)> defined? Test => nil [3] pry(main)> defined? TrueClass => "constant"
149. Enumerable#include?
150. Enumerable#includes?
151. Kernel#%
152. '%d %d' % [20, 10]
153. sprintf('%d %d', 20, 10)
154. sprintf( '%{first} %{second}', first: 20, second: 10 )
155. format('%{first} %{second}', first: 20, second: 10)
156. In what universe would you prefer Kernel#% over Kernel#format???
157. Perl-style global variables
158. $:
159. $LOAD_PATH
160. $;
161. $FIELD_SEPARATOR
162. $*
163. $ARGV
164. JRuby defines the English aliases by default
165. Ruby 4.0 will do this as well!
166. WTF? Global variables?
167. Even Java doesn’t have globals…
168. The future of the standard library
169. The Ruby Stdlib is a Ghetto http://www.mikeperham.com/2010/11/22/the-ruby-stdlib- is-a-ghetto/
170. A ton of legacy code (often last updated 2000-2003)
171. Horrible APIs
172. net/http anyone?
173. 1. Move the important bits to the Core Library
174. 2. Remove everything outdated/obscure
175. 3. Leverage modern Ruby feature in the Standard Library
176. Epilogue
177. When will Ruby 4 be released?
178. Ruby 4.0 will likely never happen
180. Ruby 4.0 is already here!
181. Crystal
182. Clojure
183. Elixir
184. Scala
185. –William Gibson “Тhe future is already here it's just not evenly distributed.”
186. Felina
187. Epilogue twitter: @bbatsov github: @bbatsov http//batsov.com http://emacsredux.com RailsIsrael 2016 Tel Aviv, Israel 14.11.2016