Softwareentwicklung für das Internet der Dinge

Transcript

1. Bernd Fischer (MindApproach) Lars Martin (SMB)
2. Agenda ž  19:00 ž  19:05 ž  19:15 ž  19:30 ž  21:00 Begrüßung Begrüßung durch den Gastgeber Why does IoT matter? Terms, Numbers and Use-Cases Architekturen für IoT Eclipse IoT – Das Projekt Eclipse IoT – Die Projekte (Protokolle) Eclipse IoT – Demo Kura Q&A / Diskussion / Catering 28.11.2014 MindApproach für Eclipse User Group Dresden 2
3. Who’s that guy? ž  Studium Elektro-/Automatisierungstechnik ž  CTO MindApproach GmbH ž  Software-Engineer —  Java (Spring), C/C++, … —  arc42 —  Management 3.0 —  Continuous Delivery (Docker ;-) —  … ž  Kontakt —  bfischer@mindapproach.de —  @berndfischer63 28.11.2014 MindApproach für Eclipse User Group Dresden 3
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5. Internet of Things 28.11.2014 MindApproach für Eclipse User Group Dresden 5 Quelle http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ab/Internet_of_Things.jpg •  identifiable devices •  connected to the “(Inter-) net” •  supersedes / extends •  M2M •  Embedded Systems •  …
6. Environmental Monitoring ž  water / air quality ž  earthquake / tsunami early-warning systems 28.11.2014 MindApproach für Eclipse User Group Dresden 6
7. Infrastructure Management ž  urban and rural infrastructures —  bridges —  wind farms ž  wast management ž  improvement of —  incident management —  emergency response coordination 28.11.2014 MindApproach für Eclipse User Group Dresden 7
8. Industrial Applications ž  Industrie 4.0 ž  supply chain networks (just in time) ž  (M2M) 28.11.2014 MindApproach für Eclipse User Group Dresden 8
9. Energy Management ž  Remote Management —  e*Nergy von e*Message —  Steuerung Lastverteilung ž  Metering 28.11.2014 MindApproach für Eclipse User Group Dresden 9
10. Medical and Healthcare ž  remote health monitoring ž  Medical Assistant Systems ž  Elektronische Patientendaten ž  … 28.11.2014 MindApproach für Eclipse User Group Dresden 10
11. Building and Home Automation ž  Klima-Steuerung ž  Zugangs-Steuerung ž  Beleuchtungs-Steuerung ž  Warnanlagen —  Rauchmelder, Feuerwehr-Info-Systeme ž  … 28.11.2014 MindApproach für Eclipse User Group Dresden 11
12. Transport Systems ž  Flottenmangement ž  Orts- und Zeitbestimmung ž  Metering —  Maut-Systeme —  Average-Speed-Measurement 28.11.2014 MindApproach für Eclipse User Group Dresden 12
13. Retail ž  Customer Tracking ž  Customer Information System ž  Goods Tracking —  Kühlketten —  Haltbarkeitsdaten ž  … 28.11.2014 MindApproach für Eclipse User Group Dresden 13
14. IoT is big 28.11.2014 14 MindApproach für Eclipse User Group Dresden Quelle http://www.businessinsider.com/growth-in-the-internet-of-things-2013-10
15. … for developers too 28.11.2014 15 MindApproach für Eclipse User Group Dresden
16. Non Functional Requirements 28.11.2014 MindApproach für Eclipse User Group Dresden 16
17. Allgemeines ž  Langlebigkeit ž  Usage Cycle ž  Schützbarkeit ž  Hardware 28.11.2014 MindApproach für Eclipse User Group Dresden 17
18. Constraint Devices ž  RFC 7228 ž  Constraint Devices —  limited CPU, memory and power resources —  classified in Class 0, 1, 2 ž  Constrained Nodes —  limited networking capabilities ž  Constrained Network —  limited throughput + high package loss rate ž  Cross Development necessary 28.11.2014 MindApproach für Eclipse User Group Dresden 18
19. Security and Safety ž  Datenschutzbestimmungen ž  Persönlichkeitsrecht 28.11.2014 MindApproach für Eclipse User Group Dresden 19
20. Security and Safety ž  Encryption ž  Key-Infrastructure 28.11.2014 MindApproach für Eclipse User Group Dresden 20 Quelle: http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-aks-crypto-sensors-02
21. Device Management ž  device configuration —  identity —  autorisation / authentication ž  software update ž  monitoring ž  metering 28.11.2014 MindApproach für Eclipse User Group Dresden 21
22. System Layer ž  Sensoren / Aktoren ž  (constraint) Networks ž  (Network) Nodes ž  (Central) Processing —  Big Data —  Cloud 28.11.2014 MindApproach für Eclipse User Group Dresden 22
23. System Aspects ž  heterogeneous ž  central vs. distributed ž  autonomy —  “dezentrale Intelligenz” —  “Schwarm Intelligenz” 28.11.2014 MindApproach für Eclipse User Group Dresden 23
24. System Designs – Classic Central 28.11.2014 MindApproach für Eclipse User Group Dresden 24 Quelle: WSO2 – Whitepaper – A Reference Architecture for the Internet of Things
25. System Designs Eclipse Open IoT Stack for Java 28.11.2014 MindApproach für Eclipse User Group Dresden 25 IoT Applications IoT Solutions Framework -  Home Automation -  SCADA -  OM2M Java Virtual Machine OSGI Runtime (Concierge) IoT Gateway Services Remote and Application Management Connectivity Mqtt, CoAP, LWM2M Reporting Developer Tools (IDE, etc.) Alternative Languages (C, C++, Python, …) Quelle: http://iot.eclipse.org/java/open-iot-stack-for-java.html
26. Languages 28.11.2014 MindApproach für Eclipse User Group Dresden 26
27. C/C++ ž  mbeddr ž  MISRA-C ž  Cross-Plattform- Entwicklung 28.11.2014 MindApproach für Eclipse User Group Dresden 27 Quelle: http://mbeddr.com/
28. JDK 8 – Oracle ž  Java SE —  x86/x64, SPARC, ARM v7 32-Bit ž  Java SE Embedded (may require fee) —  x86, Power Architecture, ARM (v5)/v6/v7 —  to create customized JRE’s —  three “compact profiles” ž  Java for Mobile, TV Card (may require fee) 28.11.2014 MindApproach für Eclipse User Group Dresden 28
29. Java ME 8 28.11.2014 MindApproach für Eclipse User Group Dresden 29 may require fee many device configurations,
30. JDK 8 – OpenJDK ž  x86/x64 ž  PowerPC/AIX, Mac OS X (x64), BSD ž  … 28.11.2014 MindApproach für Eclipse User Group Dresden 30
31. JVM – Others Open Source ž  HaikuVM: Atmel AVRs (Arduino) ž  IeJOS: Lego Mindstorms RCX and NXT ž  IKVM.Net: Mono/.NET ž  NanoVM: Atmel AVR ATmega8 ž  RoboVM: iOS ž  TakaTuka: wireless sensor network devices (Uni Freiburg) 28.11.2014 MindApproach für Eclipse User Group Dresden 31
32. JVM – Others Commercial ž  Azul Systems (dual) ž  HP —  HP-UX, OpenVMS and others ž  IBM —  J9 ž  JamaicaVM —  real-time ž  Atego PERC —  real-time 28.11.2014 MindApproach für Eclipse User Group Dresden 32
33. Javascript •  executes Javascript on Board •  contains HTTP-Server and - Client •  “embedded” Web-IDE •  in progress: •  Socket support enabling MQTT and other IoT-Protocols 28.11.2014 MindApproach für Eclipse User Group Dresden 33 Quelle: https://www.kickstarter.com/projects/gfw/espruino-pico-javascript-on-a-usb-stick
34. Javascript to the Max 28.11.2014 MindApproach für Eclipse User Group Dresden 34 IBM Node RED
35. 28.11.2014 MindApproach für Eclipse User Group Dresden 35
36. 28.11.2014 36 MindApproach für Eclipse User Group Dresden Eclipse IoT Projekte Mihini Paho Eclipse SCADA Ponte Concierge Mosquitto SmartHome Kura Krikkit OM2M Californium Wakaama Moquette
37. Bausteine 28.11.2014 37 MindApproach für Eclipse User Group Dresden Eclipse IoT (iot.eclipse.org) Services & Frameworks Protocols Tools Community Sandbox
38. Community ž  News ž  Events ž  Project-Overview 28.11.2014 MindApproach für Eclipse User Group Dresden 38
39. Sandboxes ž  MQTT-Broker —  Mosquitto V1.3.1 (inzwischen Eclipse Projekt) —  tcp://iot.eclipse.org:1883 —  http://eclipse.mqttbridge.com ž  CoAP —  Eclipse Californium —  coap://iot.eclipse.org:5683 ž  Lightweight M2M (LWM2M) —  Leshan —  coap://iot.eclipse.org:5684 —  http://iot.eclispe.org/lwm2m 28.11.2014 MindApproach für Eclipse User Group Dresden 39
40. Tools 28.11.2014 MindApproach für Eclipse User Group Dresden 40 Quelle: http://iot.eclipse.org/
41. Services & Frameworks 28.11.2014 41 MindApproach für Eclipse User Group Dresden Quelle: http://iot.eclipse.org/
42. Services & Frameworks “deliver extensible runtimes and services enabling IoT/M2M applications” ž  Frameworks for IoT/M2M Gateways —  Kura —  Mihini (http://eclipse.org/mihini/) ž  Industry Services —  SmartHome (http://eclipse.org/smarthome/) —  Eclipse SCADA (http://eclipse.org/eclipsescada/) —  OM2M 28.11.2014 MindApproach für Eclipse User Group Dresden 42
43. Protocols 28.11.2014 MindApproach für Eclipse User Group Dresden 43 Quelle: http://iot.eclipse.org/
44. Protocols 28.11.2014 MindApproach für Eclipse User Group Dresden 44
45. IoT - MQTT ž  MQ Telemetry Transport ž  entwickelt 1999 (IBM u.a.) ž  seit 2013 OASIS-Standard (aktuell V3.1.1) ž  simplicity ž  lightweight (bandwith, battery, …) ž  robust (network outages, …) 28.11.2014 MindApproach für Eclipse User Group Dresden 45
46. IoT - MQTT - Overview 28.11.2014 46 MindApproach für Eclipse User Group Dresden Client::Producer Client::Receiver Broker decupled logical information flow
47. IoT - MQTT - Broker ž  Eclipse Projects: —  Mosquitto (C), Moquette (Java, Netty, LMAX) ž  IBM: —  WebSphere MQ Telemetry —  MessageSight (Appliance) —  Integration Bus (via Adapter) ž  dc-square: —  HiveMQ ž  RabbitMQ, ActiveMQ, Apollo, Mosca (Node.js Modul) ž  … 28.11.2014 MindApproach für Eclipse User Group Dresden 47
48. IoT - MQTT - Client ž  Eclipse Projects: —  Paho ◦  Java, Android, Javascript, C/C++, Python, Go, C# (.Net und WinRT) ž  weitere —  Clojure, Dart, Delphi, Erlang, Go, Haskell, Java, Javascript, Lua, .Net, Objective-C, Ocaml, Perl, PHP, Python, REXX, Ruby, Tcl, … 28.11.2014 MindApproach für Eclipse User Group Dresden 48
49. IoT - MQTT - Basics ž  Producer.Connect ž  Receiver.Connect ž  Receiver.Subscribe ž  Producer.Publish ž  Broker.Publish (Receiver.Arrive) ž  Receiver.Unsubscribe ž  Receiver.Disconnect ž  Producer.Disconnect ž  ClientId ž  Connection ž  Session 28.11.2014 MindApproach für Eclipse User Group Dresden 49
50. IoT - MQTT – Demo 1 ž  Moquette V0.7-SNAPSHOT ž  MQTTfx als “universeller” Client” 28.11.2014 MindApproach für Eclipse User Group Dresden 50
51. IoT - MQTT - Topics ž  Names —  machine1/valve5/pressure —  machine1/valve5/temperature —  (dynamically) defined during publish —  $SYS ž  Filters —  used for subscription of topics —  Wildcards ◦  “+” / “#” => single / multi level ◦  machine1/# ◦  machine1/+/pressure 28.11.2014 MindApproach für Eclipse User Group Dresden 51
52. IoT - MQTT - Quality of Service ž  to / (from) broker (not overall) per message ž  (practically) defined during publishing ž  QoS 0 —  at most once —  “fire and forget” ž  QoS 1 —  at least once ž  QoS 2 —  exactly once 28.11.2014 MindApproach für Eclipse User Group Dresden 52
53. IoT - MQTT – Demo 2 ž  Unittests with embedded Moquette V0.7- SNAPSHOT ž  Demo2 28.11.2014 MindApproach für Eclipse User Group Dresden 53
54. IoT - MQTT – Last Will ž  “Testament” ž  per connection ž  notification about abnormal disconnection of a client (producer) 28.11.2014 MindApproach für Eclipse User Group Dresden 54
55. IoT - MQTT – Demo 3 ž  Last will with local Moquette broker and two clients —  mosquitto_sub –t EclipseUserGroup/Dresden —  MQTTfx-Client 28.11.2014 MindApproach für Eclipse User Group Dresden 55
56. IoT - MQTT – Retained Message ž  (one) “durable” message per topic ž  stored in broker ž  flagged in message ž  use case: last know (good) state 28.11.2014 MindApproach für Eclipse User Group Dresden 56
57. IoT - MQTT – Demo 4 ž  Unittest —  Demo4 ◦  QoS0 ◦  QoS1 28.11.2014 MindApproach für Eclipse User Group Dresden 57
58. IoT - MQTT - CleanSession ž  Broker maintains session state after disconnect or not —  subscriptions —  messages for subscribed topics 28.11.2014 MindApproach für Eclipse User Group Dresden 58
59. IoT - MQTT – Demo 5 ž  Unittest —  Demo5 28.11.2014 MindApproach für Eclipse User Group Dresden 59
60. CoAP ž  Constrained Application Protocol ž  verwendet “Prinzipien” von Http/REST —  aber asynchron and stateful ž  Transportlayer (Datagramm) —  UDP, SMS, … ž  IETF Constrained RESTful (CoRE) environments working group —  RFC7252 28.11.2014 MindApproach für Eclipse User Group Dresden 60
61. CoAP - Overview 28.11.2014 61 MindApproach für Eclipse User Group Dresden Client Server Server Client Anm.: Implementierungen enthalten i.d.R. Server und Client und werden “zweigleisig” benutzt
62. CoAP – Message Exchange 28.11.2014 MindApproach für Eclipse User Group Dresden 62 Quelle: RFC 7252
63. CoAP - Methods ž  Resources / URI —  coap://iot.eclipse.org:5683/resource/sub ž  GET / POST / PUT / DELETE ž  Response Code —  Created, Deleted, Valid, Changed, … —  Bad Request, Unauthorized, … ž  (Demo: Copper) 28.11.2014 MindApproach für Eclipse User Group Dresden 63
64. CoAP - Implementierungen ž  C for constrained devices —  Erbium, libcoap, tinydtls, SMCP, microcoap, cantcoap, Wakaama ž  Java for constrained devices: MR-CoAP ž  Java: —  Californium, nCOAP, Leshan ž  Smartphones: iOS, Android ž  Browser: Copper (Firefox) ž  C#, Go, Javascript, Python, Ruby 28.11.2014 MindApproach für Eclipse User Group Dresden 64
65. CoAP - Californium ž  Californium core ž  Scandium —  security, DTLS 1.2 (ECC) ž  Actinium —  Runtime Container for Mashups (Javascript) ž  CoAP-Tools ž  Connector —  abstraction for different transport layers —  UDP-Connector 28.11.2014 MindApproach für Eclipse User Group Dresden 65
66. CoAP - Demo ž  Unittest with Californium Client and Server ž  “Nachtest” mit Copper (Stop Unittest in Debugger) 28.11.2014 MindApproach für Eclipse User Group Dresden 66
67. LWM2M ž  OMA (Open Mobile Alliance) / ETSI-Standards ž  on top of CoAP ž  Devicemanagement ž  Eclipse Projekte OM2M, Wakaama, … 28.11.2014 MindApproach für Eclipse User Group Dresden 67 Quelle: http://openmobilealliance.org/about-oma/work-program/m2m-enablers/
68. Many More Protocols ž  TCPv6 ž  6LoWPAN —  IPv6 over Low power Wireless Personel Area Networks —  based on IEEE 802.15.4 —  RFC 6282 ž  ZigBee —  low-cost, low-power wireless mesh network —  non-free (ZigBee Alliance), nicht immer alles untereinander kompatibel ž  Bluetooth low energy ž  Wi-Fi 28.11.2014 MindApproach für Eclipse User Group Dresden 68
69. Eclipse Kura 28.11.2014 MindApproach für Eclipse User Group Dresden 69
70. 28.11.2014 MindApproach für Eclipse User Group Dresden 70