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Android Transitions
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Bryan Herbst
February 06, 2016
Programming
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500
Android Transitions
A tour of the Transitions framework in Android
Bryan Herbst
February 06, 2016
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Transcript
Transitions Bryan Herbst Android Engineer @ Target
Abrupt transitions are jarring
Smooth transitions provide continuity
Smooth transitions keep users engaged
Smooth transitions delight users
“In the world of material design, motion describes spatial relationships,
functionality, and intention with beauty and fluidity.”
Android Transitions Activity to Activity Fragment to Fragment
Scene to Scene (Views)
Hold on… Requires API 21
Hold on… Progressive enhancement, graceful degradation
Hold on… Support APIs offer default behavior
on older versions
Scenes Snapshot of a ViewGroup
Scene transition TransitionManager.beginDelayedTransition(rootView, new Fade()); button.setVisibility(View.INVISIBLE);
What is this black magic?
How it works 1. beginDelayedTransition() => Take a snapshot of
ViewGroup 2. Update Views 3. On next layout pass, Android takes another snapshot and creates animations
How it works 1. beginDelayedTransition() => Take a snapshot of
ViewGroup
How it works 1. beginDelayedTransition() => Take a snapshot of
ViewGroup 2. Update Views
Transition types Fade Explode Slide ChangeBounds
AutoTransition Fade Move Resize
What about property animation? ObjectAnimator.ofFloat(button, "alpha", 1f, 0f) .start();
What about property animation? button.animate().alpha(0f);
What about property animation? Fine if you want to think
about Views individually
What about property animation? Fine if you want to think
about Views individually Scenes allow us to think in groups
Activities With shared elements
Activity Transitions- setup Request Window.FEATURE_ACTIVITY_TRANSITIONS and Window.FEATURE_CONTENT_TRANSITIONS in both
Activities
Activity Transitions- setup Set a transition name on
the View in both Activities
What are these transition names? An ID for the transition
framework
Rule #1 All animating Views must have a transition name
Rule #2 All transition names must be unique within a
layout
Not a rule #1 Transition names don’t need to match
between layouts
Activity Transitions- setup Create a Bundle with ActivityOptions .makeSceneTransitionAnimation(activity,
sharedView, viewTransitionName) .toBundle();
Activity Transitions- setup Set your Transitions
Activity Transitions- setup Call startActivity(intent, transitionBundle);
Specifying shared elements makeSceneTransitionAnimation(activity, sharedView, transitionName); We specify pairs of
Views and transition names.
Specifying shared elements makeSceneTransitionAnimation(activity, sharedView, transitionName); We specify pairs of
Views and transition names. The sharedView is the original view in our current layout (the starting state)
Specifying shared elements makeSceneTransitionAnimation(activity, sharedView, transitionName); We specify pairs of
Views and transition names. The sharedView is the original view in our current layout (the starting state) The viewTransitionName is the name of the corresponding view in the new layout (the ending state)
Activity transitions magic Captures Views in first Activity, then second
Activity
Activity Transitions use the Window e.g. getWindow().setEnterTransition(new Fade());
Four transition types Enter Exit Reenter
Return
Four transition types Enter
Four transition types Exit
Four transition types Reenter
Four transition types Return
Four transition types x2 with Shared elements
Or not Stick with enter and return for shared elements
Shared exit and reenter Allow for animation before the transition
Sample Exit, shared enter, enter
Sample Reenter, shared return, return
A note on timing Because sometimes Views don’t exist right
away
Delayed transitions postponeEnterTransition(); startPostponedEnterTransition();
WARNING! Blocks transition
WARNING! Blocks transition
WARNING! Prefetch or find clever alternatives
Fragment example
Transition setup setExitTransition(new Fade()); Fade out non-shared elements
Transition setup newFrag.setSharedElementEnterTransition(new AutoTransition()); AutoTransition shared elements
Transition setup newFrag.setEnterTransition(new Fade()); Fade in non-shared elements
Making the transition fragmentManager.beginTransaction() .replace(R.id.container, newFrag) .addSharedElement(sharedView, "transitionName") .commit();
What about delayed transitions? Ugh. It isn’t good in
Fragments.
I didn’t want to animate that!
Targets- includes <fade> <targets> <target android:includeId="@id/fancyWidget"/> <target android:includeClass=“com.example.FancyWidget"/> <target android:includeName=“fancyWidget"/>
</targets> </fade>
Targets- excludes <fade> <targets> <target android:excludeId="@id/toolbar"/> <target android:excludeClass=“android.support.v7.widget.Toolbar"/> <target android:excludeName="toolbar"/>
</targets> </fade>
Support for <21
Support for <21 ActivityOptions => ActivityOptionsCompat .makeSceneTransitionAnimation(activity, view, name)
Support for <21 startActivity(intent, transitionBundle); Has existed since API 16!
Support for <21 Transition names android:transitionName="name" is ignored on
older versions ViewCompat.setTransitionName(view, “name);
Support for <21 Delaying transitions supportPostponeEnterTransition(); supportStartPostponedEnterTransition();
Support for <21 Specifying transitions The only place we need
a version check if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.LOLLIPOP) { getWindow().setEnterTransition(new Fade()); }