Routing cycle • Route model binding explained • Another use case for the router • Best practices Today’s menu Photo by Natasha Filippovskaya from Pexels
Web Route s |------------------------------------------------------------------------- - | | Here is where you can register web routes for your application. Thes e | routes are loaded by the RouteServiceProvider within a group whic h | contains the "web" middleware group. Now create something great ! | * / Route::get('/', function () { return view('welcome') ; });
as ServiceProvider ; use Illuminate\Http\Request ; use Illuminate\Support\Facades\RateLimiter ; use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Route ; class RouteServiceProvider extends ServiceProvide r { /* * * The path to the "home" route for your application . * * This is used by Laravel authentication to redirect users after login . * * @var strin g * / public const HOME = '/home' ; /* * * The controller namespace for the application . * * When present, controller route declarations will automatically be prefixed with this namespace . * * @var string|nul l * / // protected $namespace = 'App\\Http\\Controllers' ;
/* * * The path to the "home" route for your application . * * This is used by Laravel authentication to redirect users after login . * * @var strin g * / public const HOME = '/home' ; /* * * The controller namespace for the application . * * When present, controller route declarations will automatically be prefixed with this namespace . * * @var string|nul l * / // protected $namespace = 'App\\Http\\Controllers' ; /* * * Define your route model bindings, pattern filters, etc . * * @return voi d * / public function boot( ) { $this->configureRateLimiting() ; protected $namespace = 'App\\Http\\Controllers'; Route::get('/users/{user}', 'UsersController@show');
Applicatio n |------------------------------------------------------------------------- - | | Once we have the application, we can handle the incoming request usin g | the application's HTTP kernel. Then, we will send the response bac k | to this client's browser, allowing them to enjoy our application . | * / $app = require_once __DIR__.'/../bootstrap/app.php' ; $kernel = $app->make(Kernel::class) ; $response = tap($kernel->handle ( $request = Request::capture( ) ))->send() ; $kernel->terminate($request, $response) ;
; class Kernel extends HttpKerne l { /* * * The application's global HTTP middleware stack . * These middleware are run during every request to your application . * / protected $middleware = [ ] ; /* * * The application's route middleware groups . * / protected $middlewareGroups = [ ] ; /* * * The application's route middleware . * These middleware may be assigned to groups or used individually . * / protected $routeMiddleware = [ ] ; }
; class Kernel extends HttpKerne l { /* * * The application's global HTTP middleware stack . * * These middleware are run during every request to your application . * * @var arra y * / protected $middleware = [ // \App\Http\Middleware\TrustHosts::class , \App\Http\Middleware\TrustProxies::class , \Fruitcake\Cors\HandleCors::class , \App\Http\Middleware\PreventRequestsDuringMaintenance::class , \Illuminate\Foundation\Http\Middleware\ValidatePostSize::class , \App\Http\Middleware\TrimStrings::class , \Illuminate\Foundation\Http\Middleware\ConvertEmptyStringsToNull::class , ] ; }
; class Kernel extends HttpKerne l { /* * * The application's global HTTP middleware stack . * These middleware are run during every request to your application . * / protected $middleware = [ ] ; /* * * The application's route middleware groups . * / protected $middlewareGroups = [ ] ; /* * * The application's route middleware . * These middleware may be assigned to groups or used individually . * / protected $routeMiddleware = [ ] ; }
r { /* * * Register the callback that will be used to load the application's routes . * * @param \Closure $routesCallbac k * @return $thi s * / protected function routes(Closure $routesCallback ) { $this->loadRoutesUsing = $routesCallback ; return $this ; } }
RegistrarContract { /* * * Register a new GET route with the router . * * @return \Illuminate\Routing\Rout e * / public function get($uri, $action = null ) { return $this->addRoute(['GET', 'HEAD'], $uri, $action) ; } /* * * Register a new POST route with the router . * * @return \Illuminate\Routing\Rout e * / public function post($uri, $action = null ) { return $this->addRoute('POST', $uri, $action) ; } }
RegistrarContract { protected function createRoute($methods, $uri, $action ) { // If the route is routing to a controller we will parse the route action int o // an acceptable array format before registering i t if ($this->actionReferencesController($action)) { $action = $this->convertToControllerAction($action) ; } $route = $this->newRoute ( $methods, $this->prefix($uri), $actio n ) ; // If we have groups that need to be merged, we will merge them now after thi s // route has already been created and is ready to go . if ($this->hasGroupStack()) { $this->mergeGroupAttributesIntoRoute($route) ; } $this->addWhereClausesToRoute($route) ; return $route ; } }
RegistrarContrac t { /* * * Dispatch the request to the application . * * @param \Illuminate\Http\Request $reques t * @return \Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Respons e * / public function dispatch(Request $request ) { $this->currentRequest = $request ; return $this->dispatchToRoute($request) ; } /* * * Dispatch the request to a route and return the response . * / public function dispatchToRoute(Request $request ) { return $this->runRoute($request, $this->findRoute($request)) ; } }
n { /* * * Find the first route matching a given request . * * @param \Illuminate\Http\Request $reques t * @return \Illuminate\Routing\Rout e * * @throws \Symfony\Component\HttpKernel\Exception\MethodNotAllowedHttpExceptio n * @throws \Symfony\Component\HttpKernel\Exception\NotFoundHttpExceptio n * / public function match(Request $request ) { $routes = $this->get($request->getMethod()) ; // First, we will see if we can find a matching route for this current reques t // method. If we can, great, we can just return it so that it can be calle d // by the consumer. Otherwise we will check for routes with another verb . $route = $this->matchAgainstRoutes($routes, $request) ; return $this->handleMatchedRoute($request, $route) ; } }
* * Get the route validators for the instance . * * @return arra y * / public static function getValidators( ) { if (isset(static::$validators)) { return static::$validators ; } // To match the route, we will use a chain of responsibility pattern with th e // validator implementations. We will spin through each one making sure i t // passes and then we will know if the route as a whole matches request . return static::$validators = [ new UriValidator, new MethodValidator , new SchemeValidator, new HostValidator , ] ; } }
Illuminate\Routing\Route ; class UriValidator implements ValidatorInterfac e { /* * * Validate a given rule against a route and request . * * @param \Illuminate\Routing\Route $rout e * @param \Illuminate\Http\Request $reques t * @return boo l * / public function matches(Route $route, Request $request ) { $path = rtrim($request->getPathInfo(), '/') ?: '/' ; return preg_match($route->getCompiled()->getRegex(), rawurldecode($path)) ; } }
n { /* * * Find the first route matching a given request . * * @param \Illuminate\Http\Request $reques t * @return \Illuminate\Routing\Rout e * * @throws \Symfony\Component\HttpKernel\Exception\MethodNotAllowedHttpExceptio n * @throws \Symfony\Component\HttpKernel\Exception\NotFoundHttpExceptio n * / public function match(Request $request ) { $routes = $this->get($request->getMethod()) ; // First, we will see if we can find a matching route for this current reques t // method. If we can, great, we can just return it so that it can be calle d // by the consumer. Otherwise we will check for routes with another verb . $route = $this->matchAgainstRoutes($routes, $request) ; return $this->handleMatchedRoute($request, $route) ; } }
protected function handleMatchedRoute(Request $request, $route ) { if (! is_null($route)) { return $route->bind($request) ; } // If no route was found we will now check if a matching route is specified b y // another HTTP verb. If it is we will need to throw a MethodNotAllowed an d // inform the user agent of which HTTP verb it should use for this route . $others = $this->checkForAlternateVerbs($request) ; if (count($others) > 0) { return $this->getRouteForMethods($request, $others) ; } throw new NotFoundHttpException ; } }
RegistrarContrac t { /* * * Dispatch the request to the application . * * @param \Illuminate\Http\Request $reques t * @return \Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Respons e * / public function dispatch(Request $request ) { $this->currentRequest = $request ; return $this->dispatchToRoute($request) ; } /* * * Dispatch the request to a route and return the response . * / public function dispatchToRoute(Request $request ) { return $this->runRoute($request, $this->findRoute($request)) ; } }
RegistrarContrac t { /* * * Create a response instance from the given value . * * @param \Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Request $reques t * @param mixed $respons e * @return \Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Respons e * / public function prepareResponse($request, $response ) { return static::toResponse($request, $response) ; } /* * * Static version of prepareResponse . * * @param \Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Request $reques t * @param mixed $respons e * @return \Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Respons e * / public static function toResponse($request, $response ) { if ($response instanceof Responsable) { $response = $response->toResponse($request) ; }
use HasFactory ; /* * * Get the route key for the model . * * @return strin g * / public function getRouteKeyName(): strin g { return 'code' ; } } // https://example.com/airports/AM S Route::get('/airports/{airport}', [AirportsController::class, ‘show’] ) ->name('airports.show');
of the clas s Route::bind('airport', ‘App\Services\AirportBinder@parse') ; // Use the callback Route::bind('airport', function ($value) { return Airport::where('code', $value ) ->orWhere('id', $value ) ->firstOrFail() ; });
public static function forCallback($container, $binder ) { if (is_string($binder)) { return static::createClassBinding($container, $binder) ; } return $binder ; } protected static function createClassBinding($container, $binding ) { return function ($value, $route) use ($container, $binding) { // If the binding has an @ sign, we will assume it's being used to delimi t // the class name from the bind method name. This allows for binding s // to run multiple bind methods in a single class for convenience . [$class, $method] = Str::parseCallback($binding, 'bind') ; $callable = [$container->make($class), $method] ; return $callable($value, $route) ; } ; } }
public static function forModel($container, $class, $callback = null ) { return function ($value) use ($container, $class, $callback) { if (is_null($value)) { return ; } // Try to find the model and return it . $instance = $container->make($class) ; if ($model = $instance->resolveRouteBinding($value)) { return $model ; } // Callback to determine what should happen if model was not found . if ($callback instanceof Closure) { return $callback($value) ; } throw (new ModelNotFoundException)->setModel($class) ; } ; } }
RegistrarContrac t { /* * * Substitute the implicit Eloquent model bindings for the route . * / public function substituteImplicitBindings($route ) { ImplicitRouteBinding::resolveForRoute($this->container, $route) ; } }
/** * Get the parameters that are listed in the route / controller signature. * * @param string|null $subClass * @return array */ public function signatureParameters($subClass = null) { return RouteSignatureParameters::fromAction($this->action, $subClass); } }
class ControllerDispatcher implements ControllerDispatcherContract { use RouteDependencyResolverTrait; /** * Dispatch a request to a given controller and method. */ public function dispatch(Route $route, $controller, $method) { $parameters = $this->resolveClassMethodDependencies( $route->parametersWithoutNulls(), $controller, $method ); if (method_exists($controller, 'callAction')) { return $controller->callAction($method, $parameters); } return $controller->{$method}(...array_values($parameters)); } }
= MessageTypes::TYPE_SHADOW_FLICKER ; protected string $routePattern = '/windpark/{windparkId}/turbine/{turbineId}/sensor/shadow_flicker' ; public function validate(): Messag e { if (! is_bool($this->message->status)) { throw new Exception('Value could not be validated') ; } return $this ; } public function isSameStatus($status): boo l { return (bool) $status === $this->message->status ; } }
* Define your route model bindings, pattern filters, etc. */ public function boot() { Route::model('country', Country::class); Route::bind('airport', function ($value, $route) { return Airport::where('country_id', $route->parameter('country')) ->where('code', $value) ->firstOrFail(); }); } }
bobbybouwmann
tomokusaba
rkaga
thousanda
shota_tech
hinakko
yunosukey
tchov
nobu74658
ydah
hayat01sh1da
schroneko
gob
keathley
holman
eileencodes
3n
thoeni
62gerente
smashingmag
tammyeverts
nonsquared
denniskardys
chriscoyier
lara
![// Basic Controller Route::get('/users/{user}', [UsersController::class, ‘show'] ) ->name('users.show') ; //](https://files.speakerdeck.com/presentations/be3373caf5f24600bf3f08ec477f96c9/slide_6.jpg){kind=link}
![Route::get('posts', [PostsController::class, ‘index'])->name('posts.index') ; Route::get('posts/create', [PostsController::class, ‘create'])->name('posts.create') ; Route::post('posts', [PostsController::class,](https://files.speakerdeck.com/presentations/be3373caf5f24600bf3f08ec477f96c9/slide_7.jpg){kind=link}
![Route::resource('posts', PostsController::class) ; Route::resource('posts', PostsController::class)->except(['index']) ; Route::resource('posts', PostsController::class)->only(['index', 'create', 'show'])](https://files.speakerdeck.com/presentations/be3373caf5f24600bf3f08ec477f96c9/slide_10.jpg){kind=link}
![Route::middleware('auth')->group(function () { Route::get('blog/{post}', [PostsController::class, 'show'])->name('posts.show') ; Route::middleware('throttle:10|60,1')->group(function () {](https://files.speakerdeck.com/presentations/be3373caf5f24600bf3f08ec477f96c9/slide_14.jpg){kind=link}
![Route::match(['get', 'post'], 'login', function (Request $request) { / / })->name('login')](https://files.speakerdeck.com/presentations/be3373caf5f24600bf3f08ec477f96c9/slide_18.jpg){kind=link}
![public function update(CustomerRequest $request, Customer $customer ) { $customer->update($request->only(['company'])) ;](https://files.speakerdeck.com/presentations/be3373caf5f24600bf3f08ec477f96c9/slide_29.jpg){kind=link}
![Route::get('/users/{user}', [UsersController::class, ‘show'])->name('users.show') ; // Illuminate\Routing\Rout e $current = Route::current()](https://files.speakerdeck.com/presentations/be3373caf5f24600bf3f08ec477f96c9/slide_31.jpg){kind=link}
![// vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Matching/UriValidator.ph ; $regex = '{^/users/(?P<user>[^/]++)$}sDu';](https://files.speakerdeck.com/presentations/be3373caf5f24600bf3f08ec477f96c9/slide_62.jpg){kind=link}
![Route::get('/airports/{airport}', [AirportsController::class, ‘show’] ) ->name('airports.show') ;](https://files.speakerdeck.com/presentations/be3373caf5f24600bf3f08ec477f96c9/slide_76.jpg){kind=link}
![Route::get('/airports/{airport}', [AirportsController::class, ‘show'] ) ->name(‘airports.show') ; use App\Models\Airport ; class](https://files.speakerdeck.com/presentations/be3373caf5f24600bf3f08ec477f96c9/slide_77.jpg){kind=link}
![Route::get('users/{username}', function ($name) { return $name ; })->where('username', '[A-Za-z]+')->name('users.show') ;](https://files.speakerdeck.com/presentations/be3373caf5f24600bf3f08ec477f96c9/slide_79.jpg){kind=link}
![Route::get('users/{id}', [UsersController::class, 'show'] ) ->whereNumber('id' ) ->name('users.show') ; Route::get('users/{username}', [UsersController::class,](https://files.speakerdeck.com/presentations/be3373caf5f24600bf3f08ec477f96c9/slide_80.jpg){kind=link}
![Route::get('/airports/{airport}', [AirportsController::class, 'show'] ) ->name('airports.show' ) ->missing(function (Request $request) {](https://files.speakerdeck.com/presentations/be3373caf5f24600bf3f08ec477f96c9/slide_82.jpg){kind=link}
![// https://example.com/airports/AM S Route::get('/airports/{airport:code}', [AirportsController::class, ‘show'] ) ->name('airports.show');](https://files.speakerdeck.com/presentations/be3373caf5f24600bf3f08ec477f96c9/slide_83.jpg){kind=link}
![// Doesn’t work as expected Route::get('/users/{user}', [UsersController::class, 'show'])->name('users.show'); Route::get('/users/create', [UsersController::class,](https://files.speakerdeck.com/presentations/be3373caf5f24600bf3f08ec477f96c9/slide_123.jpg){kind=link}
