Accessibility is About Your Users

This was presented as a guest lecture at Langara College for the Fall 2015, LIBR 2411: Library Technologies and Information Management course in the Library Technician program. The presentation covers accessibility, web accessibility, and universal design, focusing at times on the library context.

Transcript

1. ACCESSIBILITY IS ABOUT YOUR USERS October 9, 2015 Cynthia Ng @TheRealArty
2. INTRODUCTION
3. De Clerck, Stefaan. (2015). Sleeping beauty. https://500px.com/photo/121896277/sleeping-beauty-by-stefaan-de-clerckCC BY-NC-SA 3.0
4. 70 slides in 20 minutes = 3.5 / minute
5. DEFINITION
6. Web accessibility means that people with disabilities can use the Web. - W3C Web Accessibility Initiative (WAI) W3C Web Accessibility Initiative. (2005). What is Web Accessibility. Introduction to Web Accessibility. http://www.w3.org/WAI/intro/accessibility.php
7. Snape, John. (2011). See No Evil, Hear No Evil, Speak No Evil. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:See_No_Evil,_Hear_No_Evil,_Speak_No_Evil.jpgCC BY-SA 3.0
8. TYPES OF DISABILITIES visual auditory physical/motor touch learning
9. NUMBERS OR WHY SHOULD YOU CARE?
10. Statistics Canada. 2013. Statistics Canada on Twitter. https://twitter.com/StatCan_eng/statuses/407940135729508352 Approximate number based on: World Bank. 2012. Population ages 15-64 (% of total). . http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.POP.1564.TO.ZS
11. Brault, Matthew W. (2012). Americans With Disabilities: 2010 Household Economic Studies. http://www.census.gov/prod/2012pubs/p70-131.pdf
12. DISABILITY > MINORITY* * Based on 2006 Canadian census , and the percentage of total population ages 15-64 with a disability percentage of total population ages 15-64 of minorities. * Based on 2010 US census , and the percentage of total population with a disability percentage of total population of minorities.
13. POLICY & LEGISLATION Canada: Federal Departments & Ontario: Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) USA: Americans with Disabilities Act; Federal Departments: Rehabilitation Act: Section 508
14. Lack of statutes or federal laws should not exempt [us] from providing equivalent access to all; it should drive [us] toward it. - Camilla Fulton Fulton, C. (2011). Web Accessibility, Libraries, and the Law. Information Technology and Libraries.. http://www.w3.org/WAI/intro/accessibility.php
15. GETTING BUY-IN
16. BENEFITS reflect institutional mission, leadership, and values serve all users make sound fiscal policy add value to the institution Sources: Maler, A. (2013). The Complete Beginner’s Guide to Universal Design. UX Booth. and Rowland, C., Mariger, H., Siegel, P. M., & Whiting, J. (2010). Universal Design for the Digital Environment: Transforming the Institution. EDUCAUSE Review*, 45(6). http://www.uxbooth.com/articles/the-complete-beginners-guide-to-universal-design/ http://www.educause.edu/ero/article/universal-design-digital-environment-transforming-institution
17. BENEFITS SIMPLIFIED findable accessible usable shareable efficient collaborative
18. Source: Sutton, Marcy. (2015). . US Department of the Interior Showcasing Accessible Websites
19. DESIGNING FOR ASSISTIVE TECHNOLOGY
20. DEFINING ASSISTIVE TECHNOLOGY an umbrella term that includes [...] devices for people with disabilities [...] by enabling people to perform tasks that they were formerly unable to accomplish, or had great difficulty accomplishing, by providing enhancements to, or changing methods of interacting with, the technology needed to accomplish such tasks. - Wikipedia Multiple authors. (2015). Assistive Technology.Wikipedia.
21. Anonymous. (2013). Untitled.As permitted by TOS
22. CONSIDERING ASSISTIVE TECHNOLOGY screen readers text-to-speech screen magnifiers joysticks
23. From: Gibson, Anne. (2015). Reframing Accessibility for the Web.With permission from author
24. Fitzgerald, Michael. (2008). Computer Budgie II.CC BY-NC-SA 2.0
25. Fuster, Anna. (2011). perimer l'un hi dezcansa a sobre...CC BY-NC-ND 2.0
26. All Technology is Assistive Technology. - Sara Hendren @ablerism Hendron, S. (2013). All Technology is Assistive Technology: 6 dispositions for designers on disability.
27. We need to change the way we talk about accessibility. … We can reframe accessibility in terms of what we provide, not what other people lack. - Anne Gibson @kirabug Gibson, Anne. (2015). Reframing Accessibility for the Web.
28. UNIVERSAL DESIGN
29. marziarh. (2012). Robson Square. https://www.flickr.com/photos/maziarh/7216119402/CC BY-NC-ND 2.0
30. UNIVERSAL DESIGN FOR THE WEB
31. UNIVERSAL WEB DESIGN PRINCIPLES IN SHORT solid clear helpful usable accessible easy to understand designed with people in mind first Quesenbery, W. (2014). . O'Reilly. A Web for Everyone: Accessibility as a Design Challenge
32. UNIVERSAL DESIGN IN PRACTICE
33. MAJOR CHALLENGES Shneiderman, B., & Hochheiser, H. (2001). Universal usability as a stimulus to advanced interface design. Behaviour & Information Technology, 20(5), 367-376. doi:10.1080/01449290110083602
34. animoca. (2012). All the Myriad Androids. http://www.animoca.com/en/2012/05/all-the-myriad-androids/CC-BY-ND 3.0
35. Habib, Fady. (2005). . Unity in Diversity CC BY-NC-SA 3.0
36. Trott, Nic. (2012). . Clifton Suspension Bridge CC BY 2.0
37. APPROACHES minimal load time progressive enhancement mobile first responsive design
38. MINIMAL LOAD TIME average website = 2.2 MB = 6 sec . (2015). . HTTP Archive Average Bytes per Page by Content Type . (2015). . Keynote Performance Index: Mobile Commerce (Retail) – US
39. [Over 50% of mobile users] will wait only five seconds or less for a mobile site to load. Compuware Corporation. (2011). The new (or only) way to connect with customers. http://www.compuware.com/content/dam/compuware/professional-services/white- papers/The%20New%20or%20Only%20Way%20To%20Connect%20With%20Customers.pdf
40. Two seconds may not seem like a long time, but consider that users can spot— and are bothered by—performance delays as short as 300 milliseconds. - Scott Jehl @scottjehl Jehl, Scott. (2014). . Planning for Performance
41. PROGESSIVE ENHANCEMENT Worry about the less capable first. - @Swwweet Usobiaga, J. (2013). Slide 37. Mobile First: As difficult as doing things right. https://speakerdeck.com/swwweet/mobile-first-as-difficult-as-doing-things-right?slide=37
42. MOBILE FIRST Mobile forces you to focus. - Luke Wroblewski @lukew Wroblewski, L. (2009). Mobile First. http://www.lukew.com/ff/entry.asp?933
43. RESPONSIVE DESIGN
44. Demo Resources: Responsive web design and libraries by Lisa Kurt List of HigherEd Responsive Sites
45. "SPECIAL" CONSIDERATIONS
46. COLOUR CONTRAST
47. KEYBOARD ACCESSIBILITY Demo
48. FORMS Form Elements and Accessibility
49. SKIP LINKS
50. MEDIA Images: alt="" Audio: transcript Video: transcript Video: captions Video: descriptive audio
51. TOP 10 ACADEMIC LIBRARY WEBSITES 6 / 10 have carousel 5 / 6 autoplay Singley, E. (2014). . Top 10 Academic Library Websites
52. TOP 10 OF 20 GREAT PUBLIC LIBRARY WEBSITES 9 / 10 have carousel 9 / 9 autoplay Anderson, M. (2013). 20 Great Public Library Websites. http://www.mattanderson.org/blog/2013/02/11/20-great-public-library-websites/
53. DOCUMENTS WebAIM. (2014). Microsoft Word. © WebAIM. Used under full credit, at no cost allowance as per the . http://webaim.org/techniques/word/ WebAIM Copyright & Terms of Use WebAIM. (2014). PowerPoint Accessibility. © WebAIM. Used under full credit, at no cost allowance as per the . http://webaim.org/techniques/powerpoint/ WebAIM Copyright & Terms of Use
54. TESTING AND ASSESSMENT EVALUATION TOOLS (bookmarklet) (Firefox plugin) For more, HTML Codesniffer WCAG Contrast Checker WAVE Toolbar W3C Web Accessibility Tools list SIMULATION TOOLS Fangs VisCheck Colorblind Web Page Filter
55. Developer toolbars, semantic markup and automated testing tools can only get you about 30% of the way towards Web Accessibility goals. - Denis Boudreau @dboudreau & Matt Feldman @hlpsom1 Boudreau, Denis & Feldman, Matt. (2015). Slide 13 of . Integrating Accessibility into the Project Lifecycle - Lessons Learned
56. Ask Your Users
57. TRAINING AND DOCUMENTATION
58. We need to make simple, readable, effective content. - Anne Gibson @kirabug Gibson, Anne. (2014). . An Alphabet of Accessibility Issues
59. GUIDELINES FOR CONTENT CREATORS 1. Use headers properly 2. Use descriptive links 3. Use tables for data, not layout 4. Describe images if needed 5. If you embed audio/video, add a link to it too
60. Alexander, Dey. (2014). . Text alternatives for images: a decision tree
61. Other Guideline Examples and Resources by Adina Mulliken LibGuides Presentation: Accessibility Facilitating Accessible Instruction and Resources (University of Victoria) United Nations Accessibility Guidelines: Content
62. MORE RESOURCES General Resources - a lot of great articles on focused on accessibility and HTML/CSS - lots of quick tips (out of date, currently being revised) by CLA by OCUL WCAG Quick Reference The Paciello Group Blog The Accessibility Project Canadian Guidelines on Library and Information Services for People with Disabilities Accessibility Information Toolkit for Libraries
63. EVEN MORE RESOURCES Lists of Accessibility Resources: out of date but still a number of useful resources Accessible Technology: Tools & resources by the University of Washington Tools and Resources for Accessible Web Design by Texas School for the Blind and Visually Impaired Code4LibBC Accessibility Breakout Group Notes
64. TAKE AWAY
65. Websites are software that help people accomplish their goals, regardless of the hardware and software combination, regardless of the shapes and forms of their people. That is accessibility. - Anne Gibson @kirabug Gibson, Anne. (2015). Reframing Accessibility for the Web.
66. THANKS! CONTACT Cynthia Ng @TheRealArty about.me/cynthiang