Upgrade to Pro — share decks privately, control downloads, hide ads and more …

Insights into the Morphology of Planetary Nebul...

Insights into the Morphology of Planetary Nebulae from 3D Spectroscopy

Talk given at CfA Postdoc Symposium, Harvard University, Cambridge, USA, November 2015

Ashkbiz Danehkar

November 16, 2015
Tweet

More Decks by Ashkbiz Danehkar

Other Decks in Research

Transcript

  1. In collaborations with: Quentin A. Parker (Macquarie/Hong Kong/AAO), Wolfgang Steffen

    (UNAM Mexico) Insights to the Morphology of Planetary Nebulae from 3D Spectroscopy Ashkbiz Danehkar Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics [email protected]
  2. 20 November 2015 CfA Postdoc Symposium 2 Planetary Nebulae (PNe)

    • Expanding shells of H-rich material ejected by AGB star – Shell: Vexp ~ 10-40 km/s – Density: Ne ~ 10- 105 cm-3 • Central stars left the AGB phase – Progintor Mass: 1 M☉ < Minit < 8 M☉ – Current Stellar Mass: 0.5-0.9 M☉ • AGB star transited to PN phase • UV radiations from stars ionize the shells Herwig 2005 NGC 6543
  3. 20 November 2015 CfA Postdoc Symposium 4 Morphology of Planetary

    Nebula • Round (R) 22% of Galactic PNe • Elliptical (E) 49% • Bipolar/multi-polar/ring (B) 20% • point-symmetric 10% Balick et al. 1987,AJ,94,1641 Low-Ionization Structures (LISs) Fast, Low-Ionization Emission Regions (FLIERs) – Velocity 50-200 km/s relative to the central star – Density lower than the main shell
  4. 20 November 2015 CfA Postdoc Symposium 5 Morphology of Planetary

    Nebula • Rotating Stellar Winds + Strong Magnetic Fields – Garcıa-Segura 1997; Garcıa-Segura&Lopez 2000; Frank&Blackman 2004 – single star may not supply enough angular momentum (Soker 2006) • Binary System – a. Direct Envelope Ejection (equatorial shell) – b. Dynamo Driven Ejection (collimated outflows) – c. Disk Driven Ejection (elliptical shell+ collimated outflows) • At least 30% of bipolar PNe contain post-CE binaries (Miszalski et al. 2009) • alignments between nebular shells and binary orbital inclinations (e.g. Mitchell et al. 2007; Jones et al. 2010, 2012; Tyndall et al. 2012; Huckvale et al. 2013) Balick et al. 1987,AJ,94,1641
  5. 20 November 2015 CfA Postdoc Symposium 6 Morphology of Planetary

    Nebula R R E B B R B E B R B E B B E ? ? E ? B E B E E E ? R
  6. 20 November 2015 CfA Postdoc Symposium 7 Integral Field Spectroscopy

    • Wide Field Spectrograph (WiFeS; Dopita 2007,2010) – Image-Slicing Integral Field Unit (IFU) – ANU 2.3-m Telescope, Siding Spring Observatory – Field-of-view: 25” x 38”, spatial resolution: 1” – spectral resolution: R ~ 7000 (~ 20 km/s)
  7. 20 November 2015 CfA Postdoc Symposium 8 Integral Field Spectroscopy

    ANU 2.3 WiFeS Gemini 8.1 GMOS • Wide Field Spectrograph (WiFeS; Dopita 2007,2010) – Image-Slicing Integral Field Unit (IFU) – ANU 2.3-m Telescope, Siding Spring Observatory – Field-of-view: 25” x 38”, spatial resolution: 1” – spectral resolution: R ~ 7000 (~ 20 km/s)
  8. 20 November 2015 CfA Postdoc Symposium 9 Spatially-resolved Observations of

    PNe • Spatial-resolved intensity and kinematic maps • PN Th 2-A – not round spherical morphology anymore! – Torus with bipolar outflows – i = −10° ± 5° (relative to the line of sight) – Shell: ~ 40 ± 10 km/s – Outflows: 70-110 km/s Danehkar, ApJ, 2015, in press HST F555W Hα (Gornry et al 1999) • Transition
  9. 20 November 2015 CfA Postdoc Symposium 10 Spatially-resolved Observations of

    PNe • Velocity-resolved channel maps Danehkar, ApJ, 2015, in press • PN Th 2-A – not round spherical anymore! But, toroidal shell with collimated bipolar outflows
  10. 20 November 2015 CfA Postdoc Symposium 11 Spatially-resolved Observations of

    PNe • Spatially-resolved chemical ionic maps • PN Th 2-A Danehkar, PhD thesis, 2014
  11. 20 November 2015 CfA Postdoc Symposium 12 Spatially-resolved Observations of

    PNe • Velocity-resolved channel maps • PN M 2-42 Bipolar Jets (Akras & Lopez,2012) Asymmetric bipolar Jets & FLIERs (Danehkar et al,2015, AJ, submitted) Hα (Parker et al 2005)
  12. 20 November 2015 CfA Postdoc Symposium 13 Spatially-resolved Observations of

    PNe Danehkar et al, in preparation • Spatially-resolved intensity and kinematic maps • PN M 3-30 – Inclination i ~ 30° ± 5° (relative to the line of sight) – Shell: ~ 30 ± 10 km/s – Outflows: 50-70 km/s Hα +[N II] (Schwarz et al. 1992)
  13. 20 November 2015 CfA Postdoc Symposium 14 Spatially-resolved Observations of

    PNe Danehkar & Parker, 2015, MNRAS, 449, L45 • Spatial orientations of compact objects • Hen 3-1333 and Hen 2-113 – Compact objects ~3.5 arcsec – Outer faint lobes (diameter 10 arcsec) – Position Angles (PA) PA = -15° (Hen3-1333), 65° (Hen 2-113) in agreement with Chesneau et al 2006 and Lagadec et al 2006 Hα +[N II] (Schwarz et al. 1992)
  14. 20 November 2015 CfA Postdoc Symposium 15 Spatially-resolved Observations of

    PNe Danehkar, PhD Thesis, 2014 • Spatial orientations of a large number of Galactic PNe HST images • NGC 6578 • NGC 6567 • NGC 6629
  15. 20 November 2015 CfA Postdoc Symposium 16 Spatially-resolved Observations of

    PNe • Spatial orientations of Galactic PNe toward Galactic Center • Rees & Zijlstra,2013,MNRAS,435,975 – Hα HST images of 130 PNe – Weak alignment with the Galactic Plane Danehkar & Parker, 2015, IAU Symposium 312 Rees & Zijlstra,2013,MNRAS,435,975
  16. 20 November 2015 CfA Postdoc Symposium 17 Conclusions • PN:

    Expanding H-rich material ejected by AGB star • PN Typical Morphology: Elliptical and Bipolar – Rotating Stellar Winds + Strong Magnetic Fields? – Binary Systems? – FLIERs: point-symmetric jets • IFU Spectroscopy – Intensity and Velocity maps – Velocity channel maps – Physical and chemical maps • Spatially-resolved Kinematic Observations with WiFeS – Pros: simple data analysis, more information than long-slit observation (PV diagram) – Pros: good for large sample, overall image of the whole nebula – Cons: Low kinematic resolution (20 km/s) & spatial resolution (1 arcsec), small details – Cons: complicated data reduction, complex data extraction
  17. 20 November 2015 CfA Postdoc Symposium 18 Thank you for

    your attention! Thank you for your attention! • Questions are welcome! Questions are welcome!