Morphologies of Wolf-Rayet Planetary Nebulae based on IFU Observations

Talk presented at Asymmetrical Post-Main-Sequence Nebulae 8 (APN8): the Shaping of Stellar Outflows (Virtual), October 8, 2021

Transcript

1. Credit: X-ray NASA/CXC/RIT/J.Kastner et al., Optical NASA/STScI.
   Morphologies of
   Morphologies of
   Wolf-Rayet Planetary Nebulae
   Wolf-Rayet Planetary Nebulae
   based on IFU Observations
   based on IFU Observations
   Ashkbiz Danehkar
   Ashkbiz Danehkar
   Department of Astronomy, University of Michigan
   Department of Astronomy, University of Michigan
   danehkar@umich.edu
   Asymmetrical Post-main-sequence Nebulae 8 (APN8) e2021
   Asymmetrical Post-main-sequence Nebulae 8 (APN8) e2021
   

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2. 2
   APN8
   Oct 8, 2021
   Planetary Nebula Morphologies
   Galactic Planetary Nebulae
   
   Round (22%)
   
   Bipolar/Multi-polar (20%)
   
   Elliptical (49%)
   With/without point-symmetric
   Balick + 1987
   

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3. 3
   APN8
   Oct 8, 2021
   Wolf-Rayet Planetary Nebulae
   
   CSPN: Mostly, H-rich surface abundances
   
   25% H-deficient fast expanding atmospheres
   resembling massive Wolf-Rayet (WR) stars
   • Most Carbon-sequence [WR]
   • few Nitrogen-sequence [WR]
   – Abell 48 (Todt + 2013, Frew+ 2014)
   – PB 8 (Todt+ 2010)
   
   few weak emission line stars (wels)
   
   some emission lines similar to PG 1159 star
   

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4. 4
   APN8
   Oct 8, 2021
   Wolf-Rayet Planetary Nebulae
   • [WCL] late-type T
   eff
   = 20,000-80,000 K, V
   ∞
   =200-1000 km/s
   • [WCE] early-type T
   eff
   = 80,000-150,000 K, V
   ∞
   =1200-3500 km/s
   • [WCL] → [WCE] → PG 1159 (Werner & Herwig 2006)
   [WCL]
   [WCE]
   PG1159
   Born-again Scenario (Day 2 Talks)
   Blocker 1995
   Binary Common Envelope (Day 1 Talks)
   Siess +2013
   

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5. 5
   APN8
   Oct 8, 2021
   Integral Field Unit Spectroscopy
   
   Wide Field Spectrograph (WiFeS; Dopita + 2007,2010)
    Image-Slicing Integral Field Unit (IFU)
    ANU 2.3-m Telescope, Siding Spring Observatory
    Field-of-view: 25” x 38”, spatial resolution: 1”
    spectral resolution: R ~ 7000 (~ 20 km/s)
   R ~ 3000 (~ 50 km/s)
   

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6. 6
   APN8
   Oct 8, 2021
   ANU 2.3 WiFeS
   Gemini 8.1 GMOS
   Integral Field Unit Spectroscopy
   
   Wide Field Spectrograph (WiFeS; Dopita + 2007,2010)
    Image-Slicing Integral Field Unit (IFU)
    ANU 2.3-m Telescope, Siding Spring Observatory
    Field-of-view: 25” x 38”, spatial resolution: 1”
    spectral resolution: R ~ 7000 (~ 20 km/s)
   R ~ 3000 (~ 50 km/s)
   

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7. 7
   APN8
   Oct 8, 2021
   What we learn from IFU Observations
   Morphologies of non-compact PNe
   – Compact PNe constrained by high-resolution images
   Inclinations and orientations
   – Also compact PNe without detailed morphologies
   Shock Collision
   – Velocity dispersion maps
   – P-V diagram and velocity channel maps
   Mapping excitation
   – Low- and high-excitation mapping of extended PNe
   

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8. 8
   APN8
   Oct 8, 2021
   Morphologies based on IFU
   PN Th 2-A (Danehkar 2015, arXiv:1512.02330)
   not spherical, but, elliptical with outflows
   

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9. 9
   APN8
   Oct 8, 2021
   Morphologies based on IFU
   PN M 2-42 (Danehkar+ 2016, arXiv:1601.01702)
   with Fast, Low-Ionization Emission Regions (FLERs)
   Akras & Lopez,2012
   Hα (Parker + 2005)
   Danehkar + 2016
   

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10. 10
    APN8
    Oct 8, 2021
    Inclinations and Orientations
    Hen 3-1333 and Hen 2-113 (Danehkar & Parker 2015, arXiv:1503.01551)
    Compact objects ~3.5 arcsec
    Outer faint lobes ~ 10 arcsec
    PA = -15° (Hen3-1333), 65° (Hen 2-113)
    agree with Chesneau + 2006 and Lagadec + 2006
    

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11. 11
    APN8
    Oct 8, 2021
    Inclinations and Orientations
    
    Galactic PNe around [WR] stars (Danehkar 2021, arXiv:2107.03994)
    HST images
    
    NGC 6578
    
    NGC 6567
    
    NGC 6629
    

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12. 12
    APN8
    Oct 8, 2021
    Inclinations and Orientations
    PN M3-30 (Danehkar 2021, arXiv:2107.03994)
    Danehkar 2021
    

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13. 13
    APN8
    Oct 8, 2021
    Shock Collision
    PN Hb 4 (Danehkar 2021, arXiv:2107.03994)
    Derlopa + 2019
    Danehkar 2021
    Garcia-Sergura + 2018 (Day 1 Talk)
    High Velocity Dispersion
    

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14. 14
    APN8
    Oct 8, 2021
    Shock Collision
    PN Hb 4 (Danehkar 2021, arXiv:2107.03994)
    Danehkar 2021
    

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15. 15
    APN8
    Oct 8, 2021
    Shock Collision
    PN Pe 1-1 (Danehkar 2021, arXiv:2107.03994) High Velocity Dispersion
    

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16. 16
    APN8
    Oct 8, 2021
    Future Plan: Excitation Mapping
    Excitation levels dividing line based on shock
    models of Raga + 2008
    NGC 5189 (Danehkar + 2018, arXiv:1711.11111)
    

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17. 17
    APN8
    Oct 8, 2021
    Future Plan: Excitation Mapping
    PN Hb 4
    Low-ionization Structures
    Danehkar (in preparation)
    

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18. 18
    APN8
    Oct 8, 2021
    When a PN may not be a PN!
    PMR 5 around massive WN star
    (Parker+Morgan+Russeil, AAO/UKST Hα Survey, 2001)
    [WN]: Morgan, Parker, Cohen 2006
    May be a WN: Todt + 2016 (IAUS)
    Spiral Morphology similar to WR 104
    WiFeS/IFU (observed by Frew in 2009)
    WR 104: Massive WN+ OB (Tuthill +
    1999)
    Danehkar (in preparation)
    

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19. 19
    APN8
    Oct 8, 2021
    Final Remarks
    [WR] PNe: mostly elliptical morphologies (arXiv:2107.03994)
    Deceleration: point-symmetric knots of Hb 4
    Shock Collision / ISM Interaction: Hb 4 knots, Pe 1-1 outflows
    Orientation of compact PNe detectable with IFU, but without details
    

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20. Thank you for your attention
    Credit: X-ray NASA/CXC/RIT/J.Kastner et al., Optical NASA/STScI.
    

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