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Morphologies of Wolf-Rayet Planetary Nebulae based on IFU Observations

Morphologies of Wolf-Rayet Planetary Nebulae based on IFU Observations

Talk presented at Asymmetrical Post-Main-Sequence Nebulae 8 (APN8): the Shaping of Stellar Outflows (Virtual), October 8, 2021

Ashkbiz Danehkar

October 08, 2021
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  1. Credit: X-ray NASA/CXC/RIT/J.Kastner et al., Optical NASA/STScI.
    Morphologies of
    Morphologies of
    Wolf-Rayet Planetary Nebulae
    Wolf-Rayet Planetary Nebulae
    based on IFU Observations
    based on IFU Observations
    Ashkbiz Danehkar
    Ashkbiz Danehkar
    Department of Astronomy, University of Michigan
    Department of Astronomy, University of Michigan
    [email protected]
    Asymmetrical Post-main-sequence Nebulae 8 (APN8) e2021
    Asymmetrical Post-main-sequence Nebulae 8 (APN8) e2021

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  2. 2
    APN8
    Oct 8, 2021
    Planetary Nebula Morphologies
    Galactic Planetary Nebulae

    Round (22%)

    Bipolar/Multi-polar (20%)

    Elliptical (49%)
    With/without point-symmetric
    Balick + 1987

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  3. 3
    APN8
    Oct 8, 2021
    Wolf-Rayet Planetary Nebulae

    CSPN: Mostly, H-rich surface abundances

    25% H-deficient fast expanding atmospheres
    resembling massive Wolf-Rayet (WR) stars
    • Most Carbon-sequence [WR]
    • few Nitrogen-sequence [WR]
    – Abell 48 (Todt + 2013, Frew+ 2014)
    – PB 8 (Todt+ 2010)

    few weak emission line stars (wels)

    some emission lines similar to PG 1159 star

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  4. 4
    APN8
    Oct 8, 2021
    Wolf-Rayet Planetary Nebulae
    • [WCL] late-type T
    eff
    = 20,000-80,000 K, V

    =200-1000 km/s
    • [WCE] early-type T
    eff
    = 80,000-150,000 K, V

    =1200-3500 km/s
    • [WCL] → [WCE] → PG 1159 (Werner & Herwig 2006)
    [WCL]
    [WCE]
    PG1159
    Born-again Scenario (Day 2 Talks)
    Blocker 1995
    Binary Common Envelope (Day 1 Talks)
    Siess +2013

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  5. 5
    APN8
    Oct 8, 2021
    Integral Field Unit Spectroscopy

    Wide Field Spectrograph (WiFeS; Dopita + 2007,2010)
     Image-Slicing Integral Field Unit (IFU)
     ANU 2.3-m Telescope, Siding Spring Observatory
     Field-of-view: 25” x 38”, spatial resolution: 1”
     spectral resolution: R ~ 7000 (~ 20 km/s)
    R ~ 3000 (~ 50 km/s)

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  6. 6
    APN8
    Oct 8, 2021
    ANU 2.3 WiFeS
    Gemini 8.1 GMOS
    Integral Field Unit Spectroscopy

    Wide Field Spectrograph (WiFeS; Dopita + 2007,2010)
     Image-Slicing Integral Field Unit (IFU)
     ANU 2.3-m Telescope, Siding Spring Observatory
     Field-of-view: 25” x 38”, spatial resolution: 1”
     spectral resolution: R ~ 7000 (~ 20 km/s)
    R ~ 3000 (~ 50 km/s)

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  7. 7
    APN8
    Oct 8, 2021
    What we learn from IFU Observations
    Morphologies of non-compact PNe
    – Compact PNe constrained by high-resolution images
    Inclinations and orientations
    – Also compact PNe without detailed morphologies
    Shock Collision
    – Velocity dispersion maps
    – P-V diagram and velocity channel maps
    Mapping excitation
    – Low- and high-excitation mapping of extended PNe

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  8. 8
    APN8
    Oct 8, 2021
    Morphologies based on IFU
    PN Th 2-A (Danehkar 2015, arXiv:1512.02330)
    not spherical, but, elliptical with outflows

    View Slide

  9. 9
    APN8
    Oct 8, 2021
    Morphologies based on IFU
    PN M 2-42 (Danehkar+ 2016, arXiv:1601.01702)
    with Fast, Low-Ionization Emission Regions (FLERs)
    Akras & Lopez,2012
    Hα (Parker + 2005)
    Danehkar + 2016

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  10. 10
    APN8
    Oct 8, 2021
    Inclinations and Orientations
    Hen 3-1333 and Hen 2-113 (Danehkar & Parker 2015, arXiv:1503.01551)
    Compact objects ~3.5 arcsec
    Outer faint lobes ~ 10 arcsec
    PA = -15° (Hen3-1333), 65° (Hen 2-113)
    agree with Chesneau + 2006 and Lagadec + 2006

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  11. 11
    APN8
    Oct 8, 2021
    Inclinations and Orientations

    Galactic PNe around [WR] stars (Danehkar 2021, arXiv:2107.03994)
    HST images

    NGC 6578

    NGC 6567

    NGC 6629

    View Slide

  12. 12
    APN8
    Oct 8, 2021
    Inclinations and Orientations
    PN M3-30 (Danehkar 2021, arXiv:2107.03994)
    Danehkar 2021

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  13. 13
    APN8
    Oct 8, 2021
    Shock Collision
    PN Hb 4 (Danehkar 2021, arXiv:2107.03994)
    Derlopa + 2019
    Danehkar 2021
    Garcia-Sergura + 2018 (Day 1 Talk)
    High Velocity Dispersion

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  14. 14
    APN8
    Oct 8, 2021
    Shock Collision
    PN Hb 4 (Danehkar 2021, arXiv:2107.03994)
    Danehkar 2021

    View Slide

  15. 15
    APN8
    Oct 8, 2021
    Shock Collision
    PN Pe 1-1 (Danehkar 2021, arXiv:2107.03994) High Velocity Dispersion

    View Slide

  16. 16
    APN8
    Oct 8, 2021
    Future Plan: Excitation Mapping
    Excitation levels dividing line based on shock
    models of Raga + 2008
    NGC 5189 (Danehkar + 2018, arXiv:1711.11111)

    View Slide

  17. 17
    APN8
    Oct 8, 2021
    Future Plan: Excitation Mapping
    PN Hb 4
    Low-ionization Structures
    Danehkar (in preparation)

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  18. 18
    APN8
    Oct 8, 2021
    When a PN may not be a PN!
    PMR 5 around massive WN star
    (Parker+Morgan+Russeil, AAO/UKST Hα Survey, 2001)
    [WN]: Morgan, Parker, Cohen 2006
    May be a WN: Todt + 2016 (IAUS)
    Spiral Morphology similar to WR 104
    WiFeS/IFU (observed by Frew in 2009)
    WR 104: Massive WN+ OB (Tuthill +
    1999)
    Danehkar (in preparation)

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  19. 19
    APN8
    Oct 8, 2021
    Final Remarks
    [WR] PNe: mostly elliptical morphologies (arXiv:2107.03994)
    Deceleration: point-symmetric knots of Hb 4
    Shock Collision / ISM Interaction: Hb 4 knots, Pe 1-1 outflows
    Orientation of compact PNe detectable with IFU, but without details

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  20. Thank you for your attention
    Credit: X-ray NASA/CXC/RIT/J.Kastner et al., Optical NASA/STScI.

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