The Backbone.js Refactor

Present at Confoo.ca

1. Daniel Cousineau // follow me : @dcousineau or http://dcousineau.com The Backbone.js Refactor
2. Daniel Cousineau Developer at SplashMedia @dcousineau
3. intro Daniel Cousineau // follow me : @dcousineau or http://dcousineau.com
4. Daniel Cousineau // follow me : @dcousineau or http://dcousineau.com underscorejs.org
5. Daniel Cousineau // follow me : @dcousineau or http://dcousineau.com Functional, self-contained micro-library
6. +Functional Programming??? Daniel Cousineau // follow me : @dcousineau or http://dcousineau.com Functions are mappings between input and output • They have no side-effects • Input A always results in output b
7. +Functional Programming??? Daniel Cousineau // follow me : @dcousineau or http://dcousineau.com function input output global state global state global state X X X
8. +underscore.js Daniel Cousineau // follow me : @dcousineau or http://dcousineau.com Collections •each •map •reduce •reduceRight •find •filter •reject •all •any •include •invoke •pluck •max •min •sortBy •groupBy •sortedIndex •shuffle •toArray •size Arrays •first •initial •last •rest •compact •flatten •without •union •intersection •difference •uniq •zip •indexOf •lastIndexOf •range Functions •bind •bindAll •memoize •delay •defer •throttle •debounce •once •after •wrap •compose Objects •keys •values •functions •extend •pick •defaults •clone •tap •has •isEqual •isEmpty •isElement •isArray •isObject •isArguments •isFunction •isString •isNumber •isFinite •isBoolean •isDate •isRegExp •isNaN •isNull •isUndefined Utility •noConflict •identity •times •mixin •uniqueId •escape •result •template Chaining •chain •value
9. +map Daniel Cousineau // follow me : @dcousineau or http://dcousineau.com Maps function to each element in the input collection var inp = [1, 2, 3] , out = _.map(inp, function(n){ return n*2; }); //out = [2, 4, 6]
10. +reduce Daniel Cousineau // follow me : @dcousineau or http://dcousineau.com Reduces collection to a single value. mem is the initial state, each successive iteration must be returned var inp = [1, 2, 3]; _(inp).reduce(function(mem, n){ return mem + n; }); //Iter 0: mem = 1 | n = 2 //Iter 1: mem = 3 | n = 3 //Returns: 6
11. +pluck Daniel Cousineau // follow me : @dcousineau or http://dcousineau.com Iterates over a collection and extracts the values for the input key (assumes all elements in the collection are objects/arrays) var stooges = [ {name: 'moe', age: 40} , {name: 'larry', age: 50} , {name: 'curly', age: 60} ]; _.pluck(stooges, 'name'); //Returns ["moe", "larry", "curly"]
12. +min/max Daniel Cousineau // follow me : @dcousineau or http://dcousineau.com Returns the max item in a collection. If second argument (iterator) provided, will use to produce the value to be compared var stooges = [ {name: 'moe', age: 40} , {name: 'larry', age: 50} , {name: 'curly', age: 60} ]; _.max(stooges, function(s){ return s.age; }); //Returns {name: 'curly', age: 60}
13. +keys Daniel Cousineau // follow me : @dcousineau or http://dcousineau.com Returns the keys from a dictionary as an array _.keys({ one: 1, two: 2, three: 3 }); //Returns ["one", "two", "three"]
14. +defaults Daniel Cousineau // follow me : @dcousineau or http://dcousineau.com Maps a duplicate input dictionary on top of a predefined “default” dictionary var iceCream = { flavor: "chocolate" }; _.defaults(iceCream, { flavor: "vanilla" , sprinkles: "lots" }); //Returns {flavor : "chocolate", sprinkles : "lots"}
15. +chaining Daniel Cousineau // follow me : @dcousineau or http://dcousineau.com When chain is initiated, method return a self-reference back to underscore but with the value attached [similar to opening with _(val)]. The chain continues until the value is extracted using .value() var stooges = [ {name: 'curly', age : 25}, {name: 'moe', age : 21}, {name: 'larry', age : 23} ]; var youngest = _.chain(stooges) .sortBy(function(s){ return s.age; }) .map(function(s){ return s.name + ' is ' + s.age; }) .first() .value(); //Returns "moe is 21"
16. Daniel Cousineau // follow me : @dcousineau or http://dcousineau.com backbonejs.org
17. Daniel Cousineau // follow me : @dcousineau or http://dcousineau.com micro-application framework
18. +backbone.js Daniel Cousineau // follow me : @dcousineau or http://dcousineau.com •builds on jquery/Zepto and underscore.js •provides • views • models • collections • router
19. +Model Daniel Cousineau // follow me : @dcousineau or http://dcousineau.com ‣Center of a Backbone Application ‣Provides •Event notification of changes •Ajax support
20. +model Daniel Cousineau // follow me : @dcousineau or http://dcousineau.com var OurModel = Backbone.Model.extend({ defaults: { foo: 'value' , bar: 1 } }); var instance = new OurModel(); instance.on('change:foo', function(modelobj, foo) { console.log('foo is now ' + foo); }); instance.set('foo', 'bat'); //foo is now bat
21. +collection Daniel Cousineau // follow me : @dcousineau or http://dcousineau.com ‣“Collection of models” ‣Convenience event delegation
22. +collection Daniel Cousineau // follow me : @dcousineau or http://dcousineau.com var OurModelCollection = Backbone.Collection.extend({ model: OurModel }); var inst1 = new OurModel() , inst2 = new OurModel() , coll = new OurModelCollection(); coll.on('add', function(modelobj) { console.log('Added model ' + modelobj.cid); }); coll.on('change:bar', function(modelobj, bar) { console.log('Bar for ' + modelobj.cid + ' is now ' + bar); }); coll.add(inst1); coll.add(inst2); inst1.set('bar', 'baz'); //Added model c4 //Added model c5 //Bar for c4 is now baz
23. +view Daniel Cousineau // follow me : @dcousineau or http://dcousineau.com ‣the ‘other center’ of a backbone application ‣provides •abstracted event binding •parent dom element management
24. +view Daniel Cousineau // follow me : @dcousineau or http://dcousineau.com var OurView = Backbone.View.extend({ className: 'our-view' , initialize: function() { this.model.on('change:foo', this.updateFoo, this); } , render: function() { this.updateFoo(); return this; } , updateFoo: function() { this.$el.html(this.model.get('foo')); } }); var modelInst = new OurModel({foo: 'bar'}); , viewInst = new OurView({model: modelInst}); $('#our-container').append(viewInst.render().el); modelInst.set('foo', 'baz'); //<div class="our-view">bar</div> //<div class="our-view">baz</div>
25. +router Daniel Cousineau // follow me : @dcousineau or http://dcousineau.com ‣uri matching and view scaffolding
26. +router Daniel Cousineau // follow me : @dcousineau or http://dcousineau.com namespace.MessageCollectionRouter = Backbone.Router.extend({ routes: { "page/:page": "viewPage" } , initialize: function(options){ this.collection = options.collection; } , viewPage: function(page) { this.collection.setPage(page); } , setUrlToPage: function(page) { this.navigate('page/' + page, {trigger:false}); } }); Backbone.history.start({pushState: true, root: '/'});
27. refactor Daniel Cousineau // follow me : @dcousineau or http://dcousineau.com
28. Daniel Cousineau // follow me : @dcousineau or http://dcousineau.com Because you’re not lucky enough right now to start a project from scratch.
29. +first steps Daniel Cousineau // follow me : @dcousineau or http://dcousineau.com <script src="./scripts/jquery-1.9.1.js"></script> <script src="./scripts/underscore.js"></script> <script src="./scripts/backbone.js"></script> <script src="./scripts/jquery-1.9.1.js"></script>
30. +looking conceptually Daniel Cousineau // follow me : @dcousineau or http://dcousineau.com scaffolding DOM Management Event Management State Management Data Synchronization
31. Daniel Cousineau // follow me : @dcousineau or http://dcousineau.com var defaults = {/* ... */}; var methods = { init: function(options) { if (!$(this).is('textarea')) { $.error('Poster must be applied to a textarea'); return undefined; } options = _.defaults(options, defaults); var poster = new Poster(this, options); $(this).data('_poster', poster); return this; } }; $.fn.splash_poster = function(method) { //jQuery Plugin Boilerplate }; function Poster($el, options) { this.$el = $el; this.init(); } Poster.prototype.init = function() { var that = this; this.$el.on('change', jQuery.proxy(this.changeHandler, this)); this.$el.on('keyup', jQuery.proxy(this.changeHandler, this)); }; Poster.prototype.changeHandler = function(e) { //Check character counts, identify urls }; jQuery
32. Daniel Cousineau // follow me : @dcousineau or http://dcousineau.com var defaults = {/* ... */}; var methods = { init: function(options) { if (!$(this).is('textarea')) { $.error('Poster must be applied to a textarea'); return undefined; } options = _.defaults(options, defaults); var poster = new Poster(this, options); $(this).data('_poster', poster); return this; } }; $.fn.splash_poster = function(method) { //jQuery Plugin Boilerplate }; function Poster($el, options) { this.$el = $el; this.init(); } Poster.prototype.init = function() { var that = this; this.$el.on('change', jQuery.proxy(this.changeHandler, this)); this.$el.on('keyup', jQuery.proxy(this.changeHandler, this)); }; Poster.prototype.changeHandler = function(e) { //Check character counts, identify urls }; scaffolding
33. Daniel Cousineau // follow me : @dcousineau or http://dcousineau.com var defaults = {/* ... */}; var methods = { init: function(options) { if (!$(this).is('textarea')) { $.error('Poster must be applied to a textarea'); return undefined; } options = _.defaults(options, defaults); var poster = new Poster(this, options); $(this).data('_poster', poster); return this; } }; $.fn.splash_poster = function(method) { //jQuery Plugin Boilerplate }; function Poster($el, options) { this.$el = $el; this.init(); } Poster.prototype.init = function() { var that = this; this.$el.on('change', jQuery.proxy(this.changeHandler, this)); this.$el.on('keyup', jQuery.proxy(this.changeHandler, this)); }; Poster.prototype.changeHandler = function(e) { //Check character counts, identify urls }; DOM Management
34. Daniel Cousineau // follow me : @dcousineau or http://dcousineau.com var defaults = {/* ... */}; var methods = { init: function(options) { if (!$(this).is('textarea')) { $.error('Poster must be applied to a textarea'); return undefined; } options = _.defaults(options, defaults); var poster = new Poster(this, options); $(this).data('_poster', poster); return this; } }; $.fn.splash_poster = function(method) { //jQuery Plugin Boilerplate }; function Poster($el, options) { this.$el = $el; this.init(); } Poster.prototype.init = function() { var that = this; this.$el.on('change', jQuery.proxy(this.changeHandler, this)); this.$el.on('keyup', jQuery.proxy(this.changeHandler, this)); }; Poster.prototype.changeHandler = function(e) { //Check character counts, identify urls }; Event Management
35. Daniel Cousineau // follow me : @dcousineau or http://dcousineau.com var defaults = {/* ... */}; var methods = { init: function(options) { if (!$(this).is('textarea')) { $.error('Poster must be applied to a textarea'); return undefined; } options = _.defaults(options, defaults); var poster = new Poster(this, options); $(this).data('_poster', poster); return this; } }; $.fn.splash_poster = function(method) { //jQuery Plugin Boilerplate }; function Poster($el, options) { this.$el = $el; this.init(); } Poster.prototype.init = function() { var that = this; this.$el.on('change', jQuery.proxy(this.changeHandler, this)); this.$el.on('keyup', jQuery.proxy(this.changeHandler, this)); }; Poster.prototype.changeHandler = function(e) { //Check character counts, identify urls }; State Management
36. var Poster = Backbone.View.extend({ tagName: 'form' , events: { "change textarea.message": "eChangeBody" , "keyup textarea.message": "eChangeBody" } , initialize: function() { this.render(); this.setModel(this.model); } , setModel: function(model) { this.model = model; this.model.on('change:body', _.bind(this.handleUpdateBody, this)); this.handleUpdateBody(this.model, this.model.get('body')); } , handleUpdateBody: function(model, body) { this.$body.val(body).change(); } , eChangeBody: function(e) { //Check character counts, identify urls } , render: function() { this.$el.append(this._renderBody()); this.$body = this.$('textarea.message'); return this; } }); Backbone.js
37. Daniel Cousineau // follow me : @dcousineau or http://dcousineau.com var Poster = Backbone.View.extend({ tagName: 'form' , events: { "change textarea.message": "eChangeBody" , "keyup textarea.message": "eChangeBody" } , initialize: function() { this.render(); this.setModel(this.model); } , setModel: function(model) { this.model = model; this.model.on('change:body', _.bind(this.handleUpdateBody, this)); this.handleUpdateBody(this.model, this.model.get('body')); } , handleUpdateBody: function(model, body) { this.$body.val(body).change(); } , eChangeBody: function(e) { //Check character counts, identify urls } , render: function() { this.$el.append(this._renderBody()); this.$body = this.$('textarea.message'); return this; } }); scaffolding
38. Daniel Cousineau // follow me : @dcousineau or http://dcousineau.com var Poster = Backbone.View.extend({ tagName: 'form' , events: { "change textarea.message": "eChangeBody" , "keyup textarea.message": "eChangeBody" } , initialize: function() { this.render(); this.setModel(this.model); } , setModel: function(model) { this.model = model; this.model.on('change:body', _.bind(this.handleUpdateBody, this)); this.handleUpdateBody(this.model, this.model.get('body')); } , handleUpdateBody: function(model, body) { this.$body.val(body).change(); } , eChangeBody: function(e) { //Check character counts, identify urls } , render: function() { this.$el.append(this._renderBody()); this.$body = this.$('textarea.message'); return this; } }); dom management
39. Daniel Cousineau // follow me : @dcousineau or http://dcousineau.com var Poster = Backbone.View.extend({ tagName: 'form' , events: { "change textarea.message": "eChangeBody" , "keyup textarea.message": "eChangeBody" } , initialize: function() { this.render(); this.setModel(this.model); } , setModel: function(model) { this.model = model; this.model.on('change:body', _.bind(this.handleUpdateBody, this)); this.handleUpdateBody(this.model, this.model.get('body')); } , handleUpdateBody: function(model, body) { this.$body.val(body).change(); } , eChangeBody: function(e) { //Check character counts, identify urls } , render: function() { this.$el.append(this._renderBody()); this.$body = this.$('textarea.message'); return this; } }); event management
40. Daniel Cousineau // follow me : @dcousineau or http://dcousineau.com var Poster = Backbone.View.extend({ tagName: 'form' , events: { "change textarea.message": "eChangeBody" , "keyup textarea.message": "eChangeBody" } , initialize: function() { this.render(); this.setModel(this.model); } , setModel: function(model) { this.model = model; this.model.on('change:body', _.bind(this.handleUpdateBody, this)); this.handleUpdateBody(this.model, this.model.get('body')); } , handleUpdateBody: function(model, body) { this.$body.val(body).change(); } , eChangeBody: function(e) { //Check character counts, identify urls, update model } , render: function() { this.$el.append(this._renderBody()); this.$body = this.$('textarea.message'); return this; } }); state management
41. +Looking Conceptually Daniel Cousineau // follow me : @dcousineau or http://dcousineau.com widgets Modules Full Suite
42. Daniel Cousineau // follow me : @dcousineau or http://dcousineau.com <html> <!-- ... --> <div id="widget"> <ul> <li> <span class="item" data-id="1"> Item 1 <a href="/url/del">Delete</a> </span> </li> <!-- ... --> </ul> </div> <!-- ... --> <script> $('#widget .item a').click(function(e){ var $this = $(this) , $parent = $this.parent() , id = $parent.data('id'); $.ajax(/* … */); }); //... </script> </body> </html>
43. Daniel Cousineau // follow me : @dcousineau or http://dcousineau.com <html> <!-- ... --> <div id="widget"> <ul> <li> <span class="item" data-id="1"> Item 1 <a href="/url/del">Delete</a> </span> </li> <!-- ... --> </ul> </div> <!-- ... --> <script src="./post.js"></script> <script> $(function(){ var view = new Foo.Bar({el: $('#widget')}).render(); }); </script> </body> </html>
44. Daniel Cousineau // follow me : @dcousineau or http://dcousineau.com (function(namespace, $){ namespace.Bar = Backbone.View.extend({ events: { 'click #widget .item a': 'clickItemDelete' } , initialize: function() { } , render: function() { //... return this; } , clickItemDelete: function(e) { var $this = $(e.currentTarget) , $parent = $this.parent() , id = $parent.data('id'); $.ajax(/* … */); } }); })(window.Foo = window.Foo || {}, jQuery);
45. +Backend Daniel Cousineau // follow me : @dcousineau or http://dcousineau.com reuse Backend refactor Backend
46. case study Daniel Cousineau // follow me : @dcousineau or http://dcousineau.com
47. +Case Study Daniel Cousineau // follow me : @dcousineau or http://dcousineau.com
48. +Headline Daniel Cousineau // follow me : @dcousineau or http://dcousineau.com
49. Q& A Put your questions Daniel Cousineau // follow me : @dcousineau or http://dcousineau.com
50. THANKS. FOR YOUR ATTENTION Daniel Cousineau // follow me : @dcousineau or http://dcousineau.com http://joind.in/7993