RxPM vs MVP vs MVVM

Реактивные приложения   с паттерном RxPM. Прощайте MVP и MVVM
Дмитрий Горбунов

Классификация MV*-паттернов https://habrahabr.ru/company/mobileup/blog/313538/ 2

MVP interface DataView { fun showData(items : List<Item>) fun showProgress()
fun hideProgress() fun showError(message: String) } 4

MVP class Presenter(private val dataModel: DataModel) { private val composite
= CompositeDisposable() private var view: DataView? = null init { refreshData() } fun attachView(view: DataView) { this.view = view } fun detachView() { view = null } fun onDestroy() { composite.clear() } fun refreshData() { dataModel.loadData() .subscribeOn(Schedulers.io()) .observeOn(AndroidSchedulers.mainThread()) .doOnSubscribe { view?.showProgress() } .doAfterTerminate { view?.hideProgress() } .subscribe( { view?.showData(it) }, { view?.showError("Loading data error") } ) .addTo(composite) } } 5

class Presenter(private val dataModel: DataModel) { private val composite =
CompositeDisposable() private val viewState = DataViewState() init { refreshData() } fun attachView(view: DataView) { viewState.attachView(view) } fun detachView() { viewState.detachView() } fun destroy() { composite.clear() } fun refreshData() { dataModel.loadData() .subscribeOn(Schedulers.io()) .observeOn(AndroidSchedulers.mainThread()) .doOnSubscribe { viewState.showProgress() } .doAfterTerminate { viewState.hideProgress() } .subscribe( { viewState.showData(it) }, { viewState.showError("Loading data error") } ) .addTo(composite) } } MVP + View State 9

MVP + View State 10

View State class DataViewState : DataView { private var view:
DataView? = null private var data: List<Item> = emptyList() private var inProgress = false private var error: String? = null fun attachView(view: DataView) { this.view = view view.showData(data) if (inProgress) { view.showProgress() } else { view.hideProgress() } error?.let { view.showError(it) error = null } } fun detachView() { view = null } // ... } 11

CompositeDisposable() private val viewState = DataViewState() init { refreshData() } fun attachView(view: DataView) { viewState.attachView(view) } fun detachView() { viewState.detachView() } fun destroy() { composite.clear() } fun refreshData() { dataModel.loadData() .subscribeOn(Schedulers.io()) .observeOn(AndroidSchedulers.mainThread()) .doOnSubscribe { viewState.showProgress() } .doAfterTerminate { viewState.hideProgress() } .subscribe( { viewState.showData(it) }, { viewState.showError("Loading data error") } ) .addTo(composite) } } MVP 14

CompositeDisposable() private val viewState = DataViewState() init { refreshData() } fun attachView(view: DataView) { viewState.attachView(view) } fun detachView() { viewState.detachView() } fun destroy() { composite.clear() } fun refreshData() { dataModel.loadData() .subscribeOn(Schedulers.io()) .observeOn(AndroidSchedulers.mainThread()) .doOnSubscribe { viewState.showProgress() } .doAfterTerminate { viewState.hideProgress() } .subscribe( { viewState.showData(it) }, { viewState.showError("Loading data error") } ) .addTo(composite) } } MVP 15

CompositeDisposable() private val viewState = DataViewState() init { refreshData() } fun attachView(view: DataView) { viewState.attachView(view) } fun detachView() { viewState.detachView() } fun destroy() { composite.clear() } fun refreshData() { dataModel.loadData() .subscribeOn(Schedulers.io()) .observeOn(AndroidSchedulers.mainThread()) .doOnSubscribe { viewState.showProgress() } .doAfterTerminate { viewState.hideProgress() } .subscribe( { viewState.showData(it) }, { viewState.showError("Loading data error") } ) .addTo(composite) } } MVP refreshEnabled = !inProgress 16

CompositeDisposable() private val viewState = DataViewState() init { refreshData() } fun attachView(view: DataView) { viewState.attachView(view) } fun detachView() { viewState.detachView() } fun destroy() { composite.clear() } fun refreshData() { dataModel.loadData() .subscribeOn(Schedulers.io()) .observeOn(AndroidSchedulers.mainThread()) .doOnSubscribe { viewState.showProgress() viewState.refreshEnabled(false) } .doAfterTerminate { viewState.hideProgress() viewState.refreshEnabled(true) } .subscribe( { viewState.showData(it) }, { viewState.showError("Loading data error") } ) .addTo(composite) } } MVP 17

MVP 18

class LoginPresenter { private val viewState = ViewState() private var
username = "" private var password = "" fun userNameChanges(changedUsername: String) { username = changedUsername handleFormChanges() } fun passwordChanges(changedPassword: String) { password = changedPassword handleFormChanges() } private fun handleFormChanges() { viewState.buttonEnabled( enabled = username.isNotEmpty() && password.isNotEmpty() ) } // ... } MVP 19

MVP - недостатки • Необходимо писать ViewState • ViewState не
избавляет от хранения состояния в презентере • Множество callback-ов для реализации связанных состояний • Не совместим с реактивным программированием 24

Presentation Model https://martinfowler.com/eaaDev/PresentationModel.html 25

class PresentationModel(private val dataModel: DataModel) { private val composite =
CompositeDisposable() var data: List<Item> = emptyList() var inProgress = false var error: String? = null init { refreshData() } fun destroy() { composite.clear() } fun refreshData() { dataModel.loadData() .subscribeOn(Schedulers.io()) .observeOn(AndroidSchedulers.mainThread()) .doOnSubscribe { inProgress = true } .doAfterTerminate { inProgress = false } .subscribe( { data = it }, { error = "Loading data error" } ) .addTo(composite) } } Presentation Model 26

class PresentationModel(private val dataModel: DataModel) { private val composite =
CompositeDisposable() var data: List<Item> = emptyList() var inProgress = false var error: String? = null init { refreshData() } fun destroy() { composite.clear() } fun refreshData() { dataModel.loadData() .subscribeOn(Schedulers.io()) .observeOn(AndroidSchedulers.mainThread()) .doOnSubscribe { inProgress = true } .doAfterTerminate { inProgress = false } .subscribe( { data = it }, { error = "Loading data error" } ) .addTo(composite) } } Presentation Model 27

MVVM 28

class ViewModel(private val dataModel: DataModel) { private val composite =
CompositeDisposable() val data = ObservableArrayList<Item>() val inProgress = ObservableBoolean(false) val error = ObservableField<String?>(null) init { refreshData() } fun destroy() { composite.clear() } fun refreshData() { dataModel.loadData() .subscribeOn(Schedulers.io()) .observeOn(AndroidSchedulers.mainThread()) .doOnSubscribe { inProgress.set(true) } .doAfterTerminate { inProgress.set(false) } .subscribe( { data.clear(); data.addAll(it) }, { error.set("Loading data error") } ) .addTo(composite) } } MVVM 29

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <layout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"> <data> <variable name="vm" type="me.dmdev.rxpm.presentation.mvvm.ViewModel"/> </data>
<FrameLayout android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent"> <android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:visibility="@{vm.inProgress ? View.GONE : View.VISIBLE}"/> <ProgressBar android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_gravity="center" android:visibility="@{vm.inProgress ? View.VISIBLE : View.GONE}"/> </FrameLayout> </layout> MVVM 31

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <layout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"> <data> <variable name="vm" type="me.dmdev.rxpm.presentation.mvvm.ViewModel"/> </data>
<FrameLayout android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent"> <android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:visibility="@{vm.inProgress ? View.GONE : View.VISIBLE}"/> <ProgressBar android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_gravity="center" android:visibility="@{vm.inProgress ? View.VISIBLE : View.GONE}"/> </FrameLayout> </layout> MVVM 32

CompositeDisposable() val data = ObservableArrayList<Item>() val inProgress = ObservableBoolean(false) val error = ObservableField<String?>(null) init { refreshData() } fun destroy() { composite.clear() } fun refreshData() { dataModel.loadData() .subscribeOn(Schedulers.io()) .observeOn(AndroidSchedulers.mainThread()) .doOnSubscribe { inProgress.set(true) } .doAfterTerminate { inProgress.set(false) } .subscribe( { data.clear(); data.addAll(it) }, { error.set("Loading data error") } ) .addTo(composite) } } MVVM Если мы хотим показать алерт? 34

class ViewModel(private val dataModel: DataModel, private val callbacks: Callbacks) {
private val composite = CompositeDisposable() val data = ObservableArrayList<Item>() val inProgress = ObservableBoolean(false) init { refreshData() } fun destroy() { composite.clear() } fun refreshData() { dataModel.loadData() .subscribeOn(Schedulers.io()) .observeOn(AndroidSchedulers.mainThread()) .doOnSubscribe { inProgress.set(true) } .doAfterTerminate { inProgress.set(false) } .subscribe( { data.clear(); data.addAll(it) }, { callbacks.showError("Loading data error") } ) } } MVVM 35

MVVM - недостатки • XML - инструмент для верстки, а
не для кода • Сложные вещи все равно приходится делать в коде • Не совместим с реактивным программированием 36

Reactive Presentation Model

Reactive Presentation Model https://habrahabr.ru/company/mobileup/blog/326962/

Subject http://reactivex.io/documentation/subject.html

BehaviorSubject http://reactivex.io/documentation/subject.html

RxRelay https://github.com/JakeWharton/RxRelay

RxPM https://habrahabr.ru/company/mobileup/blog/326962/

class ReactivePresentationModel(private val dataModel: DataModel) { private val composite =
CompositeDisposable() val data = BehaviorRelay.createDefault<List<Item>>(emptyList())!! val inProgress = BehaviorRelay.createDefault(false)!! val error = PublishRelay.create<String>()!! val refreshDataAction = PublishRelay.create<Unit>()!! init { refreshDataAction .filter { inProgress.value != true } .flatMapSingle { dataModel.loadData() .subscribeOn(Schedulers.io()) .observeOn(AndroidSchedulers.mainThread()) .doOnSubscribe { inProgress.accept(true) } .doAfterTerminate { inProgress.accept(false) } .doOnError { error.accept("Loading data error") } } .retry() .subscribe(data) .addTo(composite) refreshDataAction.accept(Unit) } fun destroy() { composite.clear() } } RxPM 44

class ReactivePresentationModel(private val dataModel: DataModel) { private val composite =
CompositeDisposable() val data = BehaviorRelay.createDefault<List<Item>>(emptyList())!! val inProgress = BehaviorRelay.createDefault(false)!! val error = PublishRelay.create<String>()!! val refreshDataAction = PublishRelay.create<Unit>()!! init { refreshDataAction .filter { inProgress.value != true } .flatMapSingle { dataModel.loadData() .subscribeOn(Schedulers.io()) .observeOn(AndroidSchedulers.mainThread()) .doOnSubscribe { inProgress.accept(true) } .doAfterTerminate { inProgress.accept(false) } .doOnError { error.accept("Loading data error") } } .retry() .subscribe(data) .addTo(composite) refreshDataAction.accept(Unit) } fun destroy() { composite.clear() } } RxPM 45

private val data = BehaviorRelay.createDefault<List<Item>>(emptyList()) private val inProgress = BehaviorRelay.createDefault(false)
private val error = PublishRelay.create<String>() private val refreshAction = PublishRelay.create<Unit>() RxPM 46

private val data = BehaviorRelay.createDefault<List<Item>>(emptyList()) val dataState: Observable<List<Item>> = data.hide()!!
private val inProgress = BehaviorRelay.createDefault(false) val inProgressState: Observable<Boolean> = inProgress.hide()!! private val error = PublishRelay.create<String>() val errorObservable: Observable<String> = error.hide()!! private val refreshAction = PublishRelay.create<Unit>() val refreshActionConsumer : Consumer<Unit> = refreshAction RxPM 47

private val data = BehaviorRelay.createDefault<List<Item>>(emptyList()) val dataState: Observable<List<Item>> = data.hide()!!
private val inProgress = BehaviorRelay.createDefault(false) val inProgressState: Observable<Boolean> = inProgress.hide()!! private val error = PublishRelay.create<String>() val errorObservable: Observable<String> = error.hide()!! private val refreshAction = PublishRelay.create<Unit>() val refreshActionConsumer : Consumer<Unit> = refreshAction inline fun <T> Relay<T>.asObservable(): Observable<T> {  return this.hide()  }    inline fun <T> Relay<T>.asConsumer(): Consumer<T> {  return this  } RxPM 48

private val data = BehaviorRelay.createDefault<List<Item>>(emptyList()) val dataState = data.asObservable() private
val inProgress = BehaviorRelay.createDefault(false) val inProgressState = inProgress.asObservable() private val error = PublishRelay.create<String>() val errorObservable = error.asObservable() private val refreshAction = PublishRelay.create<Unit>() val refreshActionConsumer = refreshAction.asConsumer() RxPM 49

val composite = CompositeDisposable() pm.dataState .subscribe { adapter.items = it
} .addTo(composite) pm.inProgressState .subscribe(progressBar.visibility()) .addTo(composite) pm.errorObservable .subscribe { // show alert dialog } .addTo(composite) refreshButton.clicks() .subscribe(pm.refreshActionConsumer) .addTo(composite) RxPM https://github.com/JakeWharton/RxBinding 50

RxPM - library https://github.com/dmdevgo/RxPM /** * @author Dmitriy Gorbunov (dmdev)
* @author Vasili Chyrvon (Jeevuz) */ https://t.me/Rx_PM 51

inner class State<T>(initialValue: T? = null) {  internal val relay
// init relay  val observable = relay.asObservable()  val value: T? get() = relay.value  fun hasValue() = relay.hasValue()  } RxPM - State 52

// init relay  val observable = relay.asObservable()  val value: T? get() = relay.value  fun hasValue() = relay.hasValue()  } // открываем доступ в Presentation Model protected val <T> State<T>.consumer: Consumer<T> get() = relay RxPM - State 53

// init relay  val observable = relay.asObservable()  val value: T? get() = relay.value  fun hasValue() = relay.hasValue()  } // открываем доступ в Presentation Model protected val <T> State<T>.consumer: Consumer<T> get() = relay // объявляем в Presentation Model val inProgress = State<Boolean>(false) RxPM - State 54

// init relay  val observable = relay.asObservable()  val value: T? get() = relay.value  fun hasValue() = relay.hasValue()  } // открываем доступ в Presentation Model protected val <T> State<T>.consumer: Consumer<T> get() = relay // объявляем в Presentation Model val inProgress = State<Boolean>(false) // consumer можно получить только в PM  inProgress.consumer RxPM - State 55

// init relay  val observable = relay.asObservable()  val value: T? get() = relay.value  fun hasValue() = relay.hasValue()  } // открываем доступ в Presentation Model protected val <T> State<T>.consumer: Consumer<T> get() = relay // объявляем в Presentation Model val inProgress = State<Boolean>(false) // consumer можно получить только в PM  inProgress.consumer // во View pm.inProgress.observable.bindTo(progressBar.visibility()) RxPM - State 56

inner class Action<T> {  internal val relay = PublishRelay.create<T>()  val
consumer: Consumer<T> = relay  } RxPM - Action 57

consumer: Consumer<T> = relay  } // открываем доступ в Presentation Model protected val <T> Action<T>.observable: Observable<T> get() = relay RxPM - Action 58

consumer: Consumer<T> = relay  } // открываем доступ в Presentation Model protected val <T> Action<T>.observable: Observable<T> get() = relay // объявляем в Presentation Model val clicks = Action<Unit>() RxPM - Action 59

consumer: Consumer<T> = relay  } // открываем доступ в Presentation Model protected val <T> Action<T>.observable: Observable<T> get() = relay // объявляем в Presentation Model val clicks = Action<Unit>() // observable можно получить только в PM  clicks.observable RxPM - Action 60

consumer: Consumer<T> = relay  } // открываем доступ в Presentation Model protected val <T> Action<T>.observable: Observable<T> get() = relay // объявляем в Presentation Model val clicks = Action<Unit>() // observable можно получить только в PM  clicks.observable // во View button.clicks().bindTo(pm.clicks.consumer) RxPM - Action 61

inner class Command<T>(isIdle: Observable<Boolean>? = null,  bufferSize: Int? = null)
{  internal val relay = PublishRelay.create<T>()  val observable =  if (isIdle == null) relay.bufferWhileUnbind(bufferSize)  else relay.bufferWhileIdle(isIdle, bufferSize)  } RxPM - Command 62

{  internal val relay = PublishRelay.create<T>()  val observable =  if (isIdle == null) relay.bufferWhileUnbind(bufferSize)  else relay.bufferWhileIdle(isIdle, bufferSize)  } // открываем доступ в Presentation Model protected val <T> Command<T>.consumer: Consumer<T> get() = relay RxPM - Command 63

{  internal val relay = PublishRelay.create<T>()  val observable =  if (isIdle == null) relay.bufferWhileUnbind(bufferSize)  else relay.bufferWhileIdle(isIdle, bufferSize)  } // открываем доступ в Presentation Model protected val <T> Command<T>.consumer: Consumer<T> get() = relay // объявляем в Presentation Model val showError = Command<String>(bufferSize = 1) RxPM - Command 64

{  internal val relay = PublishRelay.create<T>()  val observable =  if (isIdle == null) relay.bufferWhileUnbind(bufferSize)  else relay.bufferWhileIdle(isIdle, bufferSize)  } // открываем доступ в Presentation Model protected val <T> Command<T>.consumer: Consumer<T> get() = relay // объявляем в Presentation Model val showError = Command<String>(bufferSize = 1) // consumer можно получить только в PM  showError.consumer RxPM - Command 65

{  internal val relay = PublishRelay.create<T>()  val observable =  if (isIdle == null) relay.bufferWhileUnbind(bufferSize)  else relay.bufferWhileIdle(isIdle, bufferSize)  } // открываем доступ в Presentation Model protected val <T> Command<T>.consumer: Consumer<T> get() = relay // объявляем в Presentation Model val showError = Command<String>(bufferSize = 1) // consumer можно получить только в PM  showError.consumer // во View pm.showError.observable.bindTo { // show alert dialog } RxPM - Command 66

RxPM - Command 67

RxPM - Command 68

class ReactivePresentationModel(private val dataModel: DataModel) : PresentationModel() { val data
= State<List<Item>>(emptyList()) val inProgress = State(false) val error = Command<String>() val refreshAction = Action<Unit>() override fun onCreate() { super.onCreate() refreshAction.observable .skipWhileInProgress(inProgress.observable) .flatMapSingle { dataModel.loadData() .subscribeOn(Schedulers.io()) .observeOn(AndroidSchedulers.mainThread()) .bindProgress(inProgress.consumer) .doOnError { error.consumer.accept("Loading data error") } } .retry() .subscribe(data.consumer) .untilDestroy() refreshAction.consumer.accept(Unit) } } RxPM - PresentationModel 69

infix fun <T> Observable<T>.bindTo(consumer: Consumer<in T>) {  compositeUnbind.add(  this  .observeOn(AndroidSchedulers.mainThread()) 
.subscribe(consumer)  )  }    infix fun <T> Observable<T>.bindTo(consumer: (T) -> Unit) {  compositeUnbind.add(  this  .observeOn(AndroidSchedulers.mainThread())  .subscribe(consumer)  )  } RxPM - bindTo 73

class DataFragment : PmSupportFragment<DataPresentationModel>() { override fun providePresentationModel() = DataPresentationModel(DataModel())
// onCreateView() override fun onBindPresentationModel(pm: DataPresentationModel) { pm.inProgress.observable.bindTo(progressBar.visibility()) pm.data.observable.bindTo { // adapter.setItems(it) } pm.error.observable.bindTo { // show alert dialog } refreshButton.clicks().bindTo(pm.refreshAction.consumer) } } RxPM - View 74

Two-way databinding 75

RxPM - InputControl 82

RxPM - InputControl 83

class LoginPresentationModel : PresentationModel() { val name = inputControl() val
password = inputControl() val buttonEnabled = State<Boolean>() override fun onCreate() { super.onCreate() Observable.combineLatest(name.text.observable, password.text.observable, BiFunction { name: String, password: String -> name.isNotEmpty() && password.isNotEmpty() }) .subscribe(buttonEnabled.consumer) .untilDestroy() } } RxPM - InputControl 84

password = inputControl() val buttonEnabled = State<Boolean>() override fun onCreate() { super.onCreate() Observable.combineLatest(name.text.observable, password.text.observable, BiFunction { name: String, password: String -> name.isNotEmpty() && password.isNotEmpty() }) .subscribe(buttonEnabled.consumer) .untilDestroy() } } override fun onBindPresentationModel(pm: LoginPresentationModel) { pm.name bindTo nameEditText pm.password bindTo passwordEditText pm.buttonEnabled.observable bindTo button.enabled() } RxPM - InputControl 87

class LoginPresentationModel : PresentationModel() { val name = inputControl( formatter
= { it.take(50).capitalize().replace("[^a-zA-Z- ]".toRegex(), "") } ) val password = inputControl() val buttonEnabled = State<Boolean>() override fun onCreate() { super.onCreate() Observable.combineLatest(name.text.observable, password.text.observable, BiFunction { name: String, password: String -> name.isNotEmpty() && password.isNotEmpty() }) .subscribe(buttonEnabled.consumer) .untilDestroy() } } RxPM - InputControl 88

Сonﬁguration changes 89

• Conductor   https://github.com/bluelinelabs/Conductor/  Сonﬁguration changes 90

• Conductor   https://github.com/bluelinelabs/Conductor/  • ViewModel from Architecture Components  https://developer.android.com/topic/libraries/architecture/
viewmodel.html Сonﬁguration changes 91

• Conductor   https://github.com/bluelinelabs/Conductor/  • ViewModel from Architecture Components  https://developer.android.com/topic/libraries/architecture/
viewmodel.html • Outlast  https://github.com/Jeevuz/Outlast Сonﬁguration changes 92

RxPM - library • Базовая реализация PresentationModel • Сохранение PresentationModel
во время поворота экрана • Базовые классы для реализации View • State, Action, Command • InputControl, CheckContol, ClickControl • Связывание свойств через bindTo и другие полезные расширения • Базовые классы для работы с Google Maps 93

Dmitriy Gorbunov contacts { telegram = @dmdev github = @dmdevgo
email = [email protected] } links { https://github.com/dmdevgo/RxPM https://github.com/Jeevuz/Outlast https://habrahabr.ru/company/mobileup/blog/326962/ https://habrahabr.ru/company/mobileup/blog/313538/ https://habrahabr.ru/company/mobileup/blog/312548/ https://martinfowler.com/eaaDev/PresentationModel.html https://github.com/JakeWharton/RxRelay https://github.com/JakeWharton/RxBinding }

RxPM vs MVP vs MVVM

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