What's the difference in taste between expensive and cheap mills? Measuring coffee particle size distribution using ImageJ

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1. ߴ͍ϛϧͱ͍҆ϛϧඒຯ͠͞ͷҧ͍͸ʁ ImageJΛ࢖ͬͨίʔώʔͷཻ౓෼෍ܭଌͷ࿩ ΦʔΠγ
2. ͓͍͠͞͸ɺࢲ͕ͨͪ೔ʑͳʹΛ৯΂ɺͳʹΛҿΉ͔ΛબͿ ্Ͱ͔ܽͤͳ͍ײ֮Ͱ͢ɻ
 ʮ͓͍͠͞ʯΛσʔλͱͯ͠ѻ͍ɺௐཧ๏΍ૉࡐͷબ୒ɺҭछɺ ͞Βʹ͸ϒϥϯσΟϯάͱ͍ͬͨଟ༷ͳํ໘ͷ஌ࣝͷ୳ࡧ΍։ ൃʹͲ͏ͨ͠Β׆͔͢͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖Δ͔ɻ͜Ε͸ڵຯਂ͍ςʔϚ ͩͱߟ͑ΒΕ·͢ɻ
3. ίʔώʔ΍ϫΠϯͷੈքͰ͸ɺҰఆͷج४ʹج͍ͮͨ׭ೳධՁ ͷख๏͕͢Ͱʹཱ֬͞Ε͍ͯ·͢ɻ͜ΕʹΑΓɺଟ͘ͷਓ͕ڞ ௨ͷ࿮૊ΈͰ඼࣭Λ൑அͰ͖Δ࢓૊Έ͕ଘࡏ͠·͢ɻ ͔͠͠׭ೳධՁ͸ਓؒͷײ֮ʹґଘ͢ΔͨΊɺಉ͡αϯϓϧͰ ΋ධՁऀʹΑͬͯ݁Ռ͕ҟͳͬͨΓɺܦݧͷ༗ແʹΑͬͯධՁ ͷਫ਼౓͕େ͖͘มΘΔͱ͍ͬͨ՝୊΋࢒͍ͬͯ·͢ɻ
4. ͜͏ͨ͠ঢ়گΛ౿·͑Δͱɺʮ͓͍͠͞ʯʹؔ͢Δ஌ࣝΛΑ ΓσʔλతʹΞοϓσʔτ͍ͯ͘͜͠ͱ͕ɺຯͷ஌ࣝͷମܥ Խʹͭͳ͕ΔͷͰ͸ͳ͍Ͱ͠ΐ͏͔ɻ ࠓճͷൃදͰ͸ɺίʔώʔͷ͓͍͠͞Λʮσʔλʯʹม׵͢ Δͱ͍͏ڵຯ͔Βग़ൃ͠ɺͦͷաఔͰಘΒΕͨখ͞ͳώϯτ Λ঺հ͍ͨ͠ͱࢥ͍·͢ɻ
5. γϯϓϦϑΝΠͰᔸΕͨίʔώʔ͕ඒຯ͔ͬͨ͠ʂ • γϯϓϦϑΝΠ͸Ұ౤ࣜͷϖʔύʔϑΟϧλʔͷυϦούʔ • ίʔώʔͷຯ͕΄΅ίʔώʔͷคͷࡉ͔͞Ͱܾ·ΔͨΊ࡞Γखͷٕ ज़ʹຯ͕ࠨӈ͞Ε೉͍࠶ݱੑ͕ߴ͍ • ଞͷϖʔύʔυϦοϓΑΓ͔ͳΓࡉ͔໨ͷคΛ࢖͏ • ΧϑΣͰҿΜͩίʔώʔ͕ඒຯ͔ͬͨ͠ͷͰɺࣗ୐Ͱ͜ͷຯʹۙͮ ͚ΔΑ͏ʹ৭ʑࢼͯ͠Έ·ͨ͠
7. ࢖༻ͨ͠ίʔώʔάϥΠϯμʔ • Mahlkonig EK43 (ΧϑΣͷߴՁͳάϥΠϯμʔɾళ಄ͰҿΉͷͱ ಉ͡ϝογϡͰ౾ΛṢ͍ͯ΋Βͬͨ) • Cores330 • Timemore S3ʢൺֱͷϓϩοτ͸ল͖·͕͢Coresͱ΄΅ಉ͡܏ ޲Ͱ͢ʣ
8. Cores330 (22,000ԁ͙Β͍) Mahlkonig EK43(500,000ԁ͙Β͍)
9. ౾ • Ethiopia Sidama G1 Natural • HugcoffeeͰᖿḦ
10. ࡱӨػࡐɿiPhone, ϚΫϩϨϯζ, LEDϦϯάϥΠτ
11. ཻܘ෼෍ͷղੳํ๏ʢ1. ࡱӨʣ ళͰṢ͍ͯ΋Βͬͨ౾ͱࣗ෼ͰṢ͍ͨ౾Λ௚ܘ5cmͷԁܗͷ࿮ʹ ॏͳΒͳ͍Α͏ʹࢃ͍ͯiPhoneͰࡱӨ
12. ཻܘ෼෍ͷղੳํ๏ʢ2. ImageJͰଌఆʣ 1. iPhoneͰࡱӨͨࣸ͠ਅΛಡΈࠐΉʢJPEGม׵ࡁΈʣ 2. ImageΛ8bitʹม׵ 3. Analyze scaleͰ50mmͷ௚ܘΛར༻ͯ͠εέʔϧઃఆ 4. Thresholdઃఆ 5. Analyze particles
13. ஫ ࠓճͷଌఆ͸ଌఆख๏Λߟ͑ͳ͕Βͷࢼߦࡨޡͷ్தͷ݁ՌͰαϯ ϓϧࡱӨ࣌ͷޡؚ͕ࠩ·Ε·͢ɻ·ͨαϯϓϦϯά΋Ұ౓ͷΈͰࡁ ·͓ͤͯΓޡࠩͷӨڹ͸ͦΕͳΓʹ͋Δͱߟ͍͑ͯ·͢ɻ
14. ई౓ɾཁ໿౷ܭྔͷબఆ • ImageJͰ͸ίʔώʔคͷཻܘʢFeretʣͱ໘ੵʢAreaʣΛऔಘ͢Δ ͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖Δ • ίʔώʔͷʮཻ౓෼෍ʯͱݴ͏ݴ༿͸޿͘࢖ΘΕ͍ͯΔ͚ͲҰൠʹ Ͳͷཁ໿౷ܭྔ͕࢖ΘΕ͍ͯΔͷ͔͸ෆ໌ • ࠓճ͸ॾʑଌఆͨ݁͠ՌɺΑΓίʔώʔͷೱ౓ʹؔ܎ͷߴ͍ଐੑ ͱͯ͠KDE PeakʢҰൠతʹҙຯ͢Δཻܘͱ͍ۙؾ͕͠·͢ʣɺิ ॿతʹதԝ஋Λத৺ʹཻ౓෼෍Λ൑அ͢Δ͜ͱʹ͠·͢ɻ • Area͕ຯɾೱ౓΁ͷد༩౓͕ߴͦ͏ͳͷͰAreaͷ஋Λओʹར༻͠ ·͕͢Ұൠʹ͸ཻ౓͸ཻܘͷ୅ද஋Λࢦ͢͜ͱ͕ଟ͍Α͏ʹࢥ͍ ·͢ɻ
15. ImageJͷଌఆ݁Ռ 3FTVMUT@
    "SFB 4UE%FW 'FSFU 'FSFU9 'FSFU: 'FSFU"OHMF .JO'FSFU                                                                 1αϯϓϧʹ͖ͭ300~400ཻࢠΛܭଌ͢Δ͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖·ͨ͠
16. ՄࢹԽͱ୅ද஋ͷूܭ ίʔώʔͷཻ౓෼෍͸ώετάϥϜͰද͞ΕΔ͜ͱ͕ଟ͍ʢؾ͕͢ Δɾͦ΋ͦ΋ͦΕ΄Ͳݟͳ͍ʣͷͰ͕͢ɺώετάϥϜ͸αϯϓϧ ؒͷൺֱ͕ݟ೉͍ͨΊɺՄࢹԽʹ͸ΑΓෳ਺αϯϓϧͷൺֱͷϓ ϩοτʹ޲͍ͨKDEʢKernel Density EstimationʣΛ࢖͏͜ͱʹ͠ ·ͨ͠ɻ
17. ࣗ෼ͷάϥΠϯμʔͰϕϯνϚʔΫͷ౾ͷཻ౓͸Ͳͷ͋ͨΓʁ
18. Mahlkonig EK43ͷϕϯνϚʔΫͷίʔώʔͷཻܘ͸Medianͩͱ0.73mm, KDEϐʔΫͩͱ0.52mm͋ͨΓɻ Cores330Ͱಉ͘͡Β͍͙Β͍ͷࡉ͔͞ʹͳΔϝϞϦ͸4.0ҐʹͳΓͦ͏Ͱ͢
19. Coresͷ4ϝϞϦͷཻ౓෼෍ΛৄࡉʹΈͯΈΔ
20. • Cores4ϝϞϦͷKDE Peakͱதԝ஋͸EK43ͱಉ͙͡Β͍ • ௚͠ඪ४ภࠩ͸༗ҙʹCoresͷ4ϝϞϦͷํ͕େ͖͍ʢLevene ݕఆͷ݁Ռ: p=0.0254 → ༗ҙࠩ͋Γʣ • ඪ४ภࠩͷ஋͕େ͖͍ͷ͸ɺCoresͷํ͕ૈཻ͍ࢠ͕ଟཻ͘౓ ͕Ұ఺ʹूத͍ͯ͠ͳ͍͜ͱΛ͍ࣔͯ͠Δ
21. ,%&Ͱ͸ίʔώʔͷཻ౓ͷ෼෍Ͱ͸ݱ࣮ʹ͸͋Γಘͳ͍ϚΠφεͷ஋΋ϓϩοτ͞Εͯ͠ ·͏ͨΊɺຊདྷͰ͋Ε͹̌෇ۙͷ஋ͷॲཧ͕ඞཁͰ͢ɻ
    ˢ͸TFBCPSOͷϓϩοτͷΦϓγϣϯͰDMJQΛࢦఆ͠ҎԼͷ஋ΛόοαϦ੾͍ͬͯ· ͢ɻଞͷํ๏΋͋ΔͨΊҎԼͷॲཧʹ͍ͭͯ͸ݕ౼͕ඞཁͱࢥ͍·͢ɻ
22. ίʔώʔͷೱ͞ͷൺֱ DeFluidͷTDSೱ౓ܭΛ࢖͍EK43ͱCoresͷ4.0ϝϞϦͷίʔώʔͷೱ౓Λൺֱ͠·͢ɻ
23. &,
    ϕϯνϚʔΫ $PSFT
    ϝϞϦ
24. w ཻܘͷ୅ද౷ܭ஋͕ಉ͡Α͏ͳίʔώʔͷคͰ͋ͬͯ΋&,ͰᔸΕ ͨίʔώʔͷํ͕ೱ౓͕ೱ͔ͬͨɻ
    w ͜Ε͸$PSFTͷཻ౓ͷ͹Β͖͕ͭ༗ҙʹେ͖͍ͨΊɺૈཻ͍ࢠ͕ ଟ͍ӨڹͰɺೱ౓͕௿͍ͷͰ͸ͳ͍͔ͱ༧૝͍ͯ͠Δɻ
    w Ͱ͸ΑΓࡉཻ͔͍౓ʹͨ͠Βಉ͡ຯʹͳΔ͔ͱݴ͏ͱɺࡉ͔͗͢Δཻ ౓ͷίʔώ͸ࡶຯ͕ग़΍͘͢ຯతʹಉ͡Α͏ͳຯʹͳΔ͔ͱ͍͏ͱ ٙ໰͕͋Δɻ
25. ݁࿦ w J1IPOFͷࡱӨͱ*NBHF+ɺ,%&Λ࢖ͬͯɺࣗ෼ͷάϥΠϯμʔͷཻ౓ΛΧ ϑΣͷϕϯνϚʔΫͷṢ͖໨ʹ͚ۙͮΔ͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖ͨɻ
    w ۀ຿༻άϥΠϯμʔ͸ΑΓཻࢠαΠζͷूத౓͕ߴ͘ɺՈఉ༻Ͱ͸ཻࢠαΠ ζ͕όϥͭ͘܏޲͕͋Δɻ
    w Ոఉ༻ͷάϥΠϯμʔͰۀ຿༻ͷຯʹ͚ۙͮΑ͏ͱ͢Δͱɺۀ຿༻άϥΠϯ μʔΑΓࡉ͔͘Ṣ͘ඞཁ͕͋Δ͔΋͠Εͳ͍
    w ཻ౓෼෍͕ҟͳΔͨΊՈఉ༻ͷάϥΠϯμʔͰۀ຿༻άϥΠϯμʔͰṢ͍ͨ ίʔώʔͷຯΛ࠶ݱͰ͖Δ͔ͱ͍͏ͱɺ؆୯Ͱ͸ͳ͍͔΋͠Εͳ͍ɻγϯ ϓϦϑΝΠͷΑ͏ͳίʔώʔͷࡉ͔͕͞ॏཁͳᔸΕํͷ৔߹͸ಛʹɻ
    w ͨͩ͠ࠓճͷ݁Ռ͸ʮۀ຿༻άϥΠϯμʔʢཻ౓͕Ұ఺ʹἧͬͨคʣͷํ ͕ඒຯ͍͠ʯͱݴ͏͜ͱΛ޿͘ҙຯ͢Δ΋ͷͰ͸ͳ͍ɻҰൠతͳυϦοϓ ͩͱϝογϡҎ֎ͷӨڹ΋େ͖͍Ͱ͢ɻ
26. ࠓޙʹ͍ͭͯ • iPhoneͰࡱͬͨࣸਅΛૹΔͱཻ౓ͷܭଌɾϓϩοτ·Ͱ׬શʹࣗಈ Ͱߦͬͯ͘ΕΔΑ͏ͳAPIΛ࡞Δ༧ఆ • ͍͔ͭ͘ͷϢʔεέʔεΛ૝ఆ͠ɺࠓճͷΑ͏ʹϕϯνϚʔΫͷཻ ౓ͱຯʹࣗ෼ͷάϥΠϯμʔͷϝϞϦΛ߹ΘͤΔͨΊॿݴ΍ࣗ෼ͷ άϥΠϯμʔͷͲͷϝϞϦ͕ͲͷυϦοϓʹ߹͍ͬͯΔ͔ڭ͑ͯ͘ ΕΔίϝϯτΛੜ੒͢ΔαʔϏεΛߏங͍ͨ͠ • ຊདྷͷ໨తͰ͋Δɺඒຯ͍͠ίʔώʔΛ࣭ྔ෼ੳ͠ίʔώʔͷӷମ ͷ੒෼ͷૉੑͱόϦελͷ׭ೳධՁͱͷ૬ؔ෼ੳΛߦ͍͍ͨ
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