The State of SOAP in PHP (ZendCon2009 2009-10-24)

THE STATE OF SOAP IN PHP

David Zülke

David Zuelke

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Founder

awesome

Lead Developer

@dzuelke

WHAT IS SOAP? And How Did It All Start?

original plan

http://ﬂic.kr/photos/kevinsteele/230997861/ KittY Not Included

however

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Flughafenkontrolle.jpg

SHOOT ME IN THE FACE

WHAT IS SOAP? And How Did It All Start?

Data Exchange Protocol

XML-based

typically used for RPC-style Web Services

language independent

platform independent

ORIGINS A Brief History Lesson

< 1998

XML-RPC

XML-RPC sucks

Simple Object Access Protocol 1.0

not really simple

renamed

Simple Object Access Protocol

SOAP 1.2

GLOSSARY Transports, Messages and WSDL

SOAP TRANSPORTS • Transports are used for message transmission •
Most important ones: • HTTP/HTTPS • SMTP

Amazon

100.000.000.000 SOAP Requests

(per second)

Custom Socket Transport

MESSAGES • Wrapped in an <Envelope> • <Header>s and a
<Body> • Structure is identical for Request and Response <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF‐8"?> <SOAP‐ENV:Envelope xmlns:SOAP‐ENV="http:// schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/" xmlns:ns1="http://agavi.org/ sampleapp" > <SOAP‐ENV:Body> <ns1:getProductResponse> <product> <id>123456</id> <name>Red Stapler</name> <price>3.14</price> </product> </ns1:getProductResponse> </SOAP‐ENV:Body> </SOAP‐ENV:Envelope>

but worry not

that’s the entire point of SOAP

WSDL document

describes

• the service • the operations • the data types

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf‐8"?> <wsdl:definitions xmlns:wsdl="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:soap="http:// schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/soap/" xmlns:soapenc="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/ encoding/"
xmlns="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/" xmlns:tns="http://agavi.org/ sampleapp/types" xmlns:asa="http://agavi.org/sampleapp" name="AgaviSampleApplication" targetNamespace="http://agavi.org/sampleapp"> <wsdl:types> <xsd:schema xmlns:soap‐enc="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/" targetNamespace="http://agavi.org/sampleapp/types"> <xsd:complexType name="Product"> <xsd:sequence> <xsd:element name="id" type="xsd:int"/> <xsd:element name="name" type="xsd:string"/> <xsd:element name="price" type="xsd:float"/> </xsd:sequence> </xsd:complexType> <xsd:complexType name="ArrayOfProducts"> <xsd:complexContent> <xsd:extension base="soap‐enc:Array"> <xsd:attribute ref="soap‐enc:arrayType" wsdl:arrayType="tns:Product[]"/> </xsd:extension> </xsd:complexContent> </xsd:complexType> </xsd:schema> </wsdl:types> <wsdl:portType name="AgaviSampleApplicationPortType"> <wsdl:operation name="getProduct"> <wsdl:input message="asa:getProductRequest"/> <wsdl:output message="asa:getProductResponse"/>

AN EXAMPLE So we’re all on the same page

$client = new SoapClient('http://acme.com/product.wsdl', array( 'exceptions' => true, 'trace' =>
true, )); try { var_dump($client‐>listProducts()); } catch(SoapFault $e) { // here be dragons } array 0 => object(stdClass)[3] public 'id' => int 8172401 public 'name' => string 'TPS Report Cover Sheet' (length=22) public 'price' => float 0.89 1 => object(stdClass)[4] public 'id' => int 917246 public 'name' => string 'Weighted Companion Cube' (length=23) public 'price' => float 129.99

by the way

I will not talk about non-WSDL modes

because using SOAP without a WSDL is stupid

SOAP CLIENTS If You Want To Consume Services OMNOMNOM SERVICE

BASICS $client = new SoapClient( 'http://acme.com/product.wsdl', // URL to WSDL
describing the service array( // array of additional options for the client 'exceptions' => true, // throw SoapFault exceptions on errors 'trace' => true, // allow use of SoapClient::__getLast…() ) ); $allProducts = $client‐>listProducts(); // $allProducts contains return value

GETTING AVAILABLE FUNCS $client = new SoapClient('http://acme.com/product.wsdl', array( 'exceptions' =>
true, 'trace' => true, )); var_dump($client‐>__getFunctions()); array 0 => string 'Product getProduct(int $id)' (length=27) 1 => string 'ArrayOfProducts listProducts()' (length=30)

GETTING AVAILABLE TYPES $client = new SoapClient('http://acme.com/product.wsdl', array( 'exceptions' =>
true, 'trace' => true, )); var_dump($client‐>__getTypes()); array 0 => string 'struct Product { int id; string name; float price; }' (length=55) 1 => string 'Product ArrayOfProducts[]' (length=25)

ADVANCED CONCEPTS Faults, Headers and Mappings

FAULT HANDLING $client = new SoapClient('http://acme.com/product.wsdl', array( 'exceptions' => true,
'trace' => true, )); try { $newThing = $client‐>createProduct(new stdClass()); } catch(SoapFault $e) { // could be a client‐side fault e.g. if fields are missing // or a server‐side fault if the server had any objections :) }

SOAP HEADERS $client = new SoapClient('http://acme.com/product.wsdl', array( 'exceptions' => true,
'trace' => true, )); $client‐>setSoapHeader( new SoapHeader('http://acme.com/soap/products', 'username', 'Chuck Norris') ); $client‐>setSoapHeader( new SoapHeader('http://acme.com/soap/products', 'password', 'r0undh0usek!ck') ); // headers will be sent along with the request $allProducts = $client‐>listProducts();

CLASSMAPS class Product { protected $id, $name, $price; // imagine
getters and setters here } $client = new SoapClient('http://acme.com/product.wsdl', array( 'exceptions' => true, 'trace' => true, 'classmap' => array( 'Product' => 'Product', // no namespace here, which can be problematic… ), )); var_dump($client‐>getProduct(123456)); object(Product)[2] protected 'id' => int 123456 protected 'name' => string 'Red Stapler' (length=11) protected 'price' => float 3.14

TYPEMAPS • Used for custom serialization and deserialization • Needs
two callbacks: • one for XML->PHP conversion • one for PHP->XML conversion • Only necessary in very, very rare cases

SOAP SERVERS That’s a bit more difﬁcult

class ProductService { public function getProduct($id) { // witchcraft here
return $product; } public function listProducts() { // more witchcraft here return $products; } } $server = new SoapServer('/path/to/local/products.wsdl', array(/* options… */)); // register a class to instantiate that has all the methods $server‐>setClass('ProductService'); // alternative: use an existing instance // $server‐>setObject(new ProductService()); // rock and roll $server‐>handle(); A BASIC SERVER

you can also register functions instead of class methods

wanna know how?

RTFM :X

class ProductService { public function getProduct($id) { // witchcraft here
return $product; } public function listProducts() { // more witchcraft here return $products; } public function username($value) { // check if it's really chuck norris } public function password($value) { // check if he did a roundhouse kick } } $server = new SoapServer('/path/to/local/products.wsdl', array(/* options… */)); // register a class to instantiate that has all the methods $server‐>setClass('ProductService'); // rock and roll $server‐>handle(); DEALING WITH HEADERS

class ProductService { public function getProduct($id) { if($product = ProductFinder::retrieveById($id))
{ return $product; } else { return new SoapFault('Server', 'No such product'); } } public function listProducts() { // more witchcraft here return $products; } } PRODUCING FAULTS

class ProductService { public function getTwoThings() { // rocket science
here return array($foo, $bar); } } MULTI-PART RETURN VALUES

LITTLE SECRETS Did You Know That ext/soap Supports...

{http://xml.apache.org/xml-soap}Map

LITTLE DISAPPOINTMENTS Things That ext/soap Does Not Support...

DateTime objects

document/literal wrapped

DOS AND DON’TS Keep This In Mind

enable the SOAP_SINGLE_ELEMENT_ARRAYS feature

don’t use SoapServer::fault()

use the exceptions option

double-check soap_use_error_handler()

don’t use cookies or other forms of state, ever

FRAMEWORK HIGHLIGHTS Zend Framework & Agavi

ZEND FRAMEWORK • Zend_Soap_Client as a wrapper for SOAPClient •
Zend_Soap_Server as a wrapper for SOAPServer • Zend_Soap_Wsdl for constructing WSDL documents • Zend_Soap_Autodiscover for automatic WSDL generation

Zend_Soap_Autodiscover generates WSDLs for you!

using PHPDoc comments

class AcmeProductService { /** * @param int The ID of
the product. * * @return Product The product object. * * @deprecated Call Joe from sales if you want to know details about a product… */ public function getProduct($id) { // witchcraft goes here return $product; } } $autodiscover = new Zend_Soap_AutoDiscover(); $autodiscover‐>setClass('AcmeProductService'); $autodiscover‐>handle(); // dumps a WSDL

also very nice for prototyping

but might get difﬁcult with complex stuff

AGAVI • Re-use existing Actions for SOAP Services • Needs
some information about the service in WSDL format • WSDL auto-generated by the Routing • Requires basic knowledge of XML Schema and WSDL • Supports Document/Literal Wrapped for Servers

SOAP VERSUS REST Your Thoughts Please

!e End

Questions?

THANK YOU! • Shoot me an E-Mail: [email protected] • Follow
@dzuelke on Twitter • Slides will be online at http://talks.wombert.de/

The State of SOAP in PHP (ZendCon2009 2009-10-24)

The State of SOAP in PHP (ZendCon2009 2009-10-24)

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