A Day Has Only 24±1 Hours (Israel, 2021-01-04)

Transcript

1. A Day Has Only 24±1 Hours Miroslav Šedivý   eumiro 1
2. A Day Has Only 24±1 Hours   eumiro 2
3. A Day Has Only 24±1 Hours check the time   eumiro 2
4. A Day Has Only 24±1 Hours check the time don't check the time too often   eumiro 2
5. A Day Has Only 24±1 Hours check the time don't check the time too often check what your government does   eumiro 2
6. Miroslav Šedivý [ˈmɪrɔslaʋ ˈʃɛɟɪviː]   eumiro 3
7. Miroslav Šedivý [ˈmɪrɔslaʋ ˈʃɛɟɪviː] born in Bratislava, Czechoslovakia (TZ=Europe/Bratislava)   eumiro 3
8. Miroslav Šedivý [ˈmɪrɔslaʋ ˈʃɛɟɪviː] born in Bratislava, Czechoslovakia (TZ=Europe/Bratislava) M.Sc. at INSA Lyon, France (TZ=Europe/Paris)   eumiro 3
9. Miroslav Šedivý [ˈmɪrɔslaʋ ˈʃɛɟɪviː] born in Bratislava, Czechoslovakia (TZ=Europe/Bratislava) M.Sc. at INSA Lyon, France (TZ=Europe/Paris) Pythonista at solute GmbH, Karlsruhe, Germany (TZ=Europe/Berlin)   eumiro 3
10. Miroslav Šedivý [ˈmɪrɔslaʋ ˈʃɛɟɪviː] born in Bratislava, Czechoslovakia (TZ=Europe/Bratislava) M.Sc. at INSA Lyon, France (TZ=Europe/Paris) Pythonista at solute GmbH, Karlsruhe, Germany (TZ=Europe/Berlin)   eumiro 3
11. Monday, 4th January 2021 18:10 IST (Jerusalem, Israel)   eumiro 4
12. >>> import datetime >>> datetime.datetime.now() datetime.datetime(2021, 1, 4, 18, 10, 0, 0) # in Jerusalem datetime.datetime(2021, 1, 4, 17, 10, 0, 0) # in Karlsruhe   eumiro 5
13. >>> import datetime >>> datetime.datetime.now() datetime.datetime(2021, 1, 4, 18, 10, 0, 0) # in Jerusalem datetime.datetime(2021, 1, 4, 17, 10, 0, 0) # in Karlsruhe datetime.datetime(2021, 1, 4, 16, 10, 0, 0) # UTC   eumiro 5
14. >>> import datetime >>> datetime.datetime.now() datetime.datetime(2021, 1, 4, 18, 10, 0, 0) # in Jerusalem datetime.datetime(2021, 1, 4, 17, 10, 0, 0) # in Karlsruhe datetime.datetime(2021, 1, 4, 16, 10, 0, 0) # UTC >>> datetime.datetime.utcnow() datetime.datetime(2021, 1, 4, 16, 10, 0, 0) # everywhere   eumiro 5
15. >>> import datetime >>> datetime.datetime.now() datetime.datetime(2021, 1, 4, 18, 10, 0, 0) # in Jerusalem datetime.datetime(2021, 1, 4, 17, 10, 0, 0) # in Karlsruhe datetime.datetime(2021, 1, 4, 16, 10, 0, 0) # UTC >>> datetime.datetime.utcnow() datetime.datetime(2021, 1, 4, 16, 10, 0, 0) # everywhere >>> datetime.datetime.now(datetime.timezone.utc) datetime.datetime(2021, 1, 4, 16, 10, 0, 0, tzinfo=datetime.timezone.utc)   eumiro 5
16. >>> import datetime >>> datetime.datetime.now() datetime.datetime(2021, 1, 4, 18, 10, 0, 0) # in Jerusalem datetime.datetime(2021, 1, 4, 17, 10, 0, 0) # in Karlsruhe datetime.datetime(2021, 1, 4, 16, 10, 0, 0) # UTC >>> datetime.datetime.utcnow() datetime.datetime(2021, 1, 4, 16, 10, 0, 0) # everywhere >>> datetime.datetime.now(datetime.timezone.utc) datetime.datetime(2021, 1, 4, 16, 10, 0, 0, tzinfo=datetime.timezone.utc) >>> datetime.datetime.now(datetime.timezone(datetime.timedelta(hours=2))) datetime.datetime(2021, 1, 4, 18, 10, 0, 0, tzinfo=datetime.timezone(datetime.timedelta(0, 7200)))   eumiro 5
17. >>> import datetime >>> datetime.datetime.now() datetime.datetime(2021, 1, 4, 18, 10, 0, 0) # in Jerusalem datetime.datetime(2021, 1, 4, 17, 10, 0, 0) # in Karlsruhe datetime.datetime(2021, 1, 4, 16, 10, 0, 0) # UTC >>> datetime.datetime.utcnow() datetime.datetime(2021, 1, 4, 16, 10, 0, 0) # everywhere >>> datetime.datetime.now(datetime.timezone.utc) datetime.datetime(2021, 1, 4, 16, 10, 0, 0, tzinfo=datetime.timezone.utc) >>> datetime.datetime.now(datetime.timezone(datetime.timedelta(hours=2))) datetime.datetime(2021, 1, 4, 18, 10, 0, 0, tzinfo=datetime.timezone(datetime.timedelta(0, 7200))) >>> import zoneinfo >>> datetime.datetime.now(zoneinfo.ZoneInfo('Asia/Jerusalem')) datetime.datetime(2021, 1, 4, 18, 10, 0, 0, tzinfo=zoneinfo.ZoneInfo(key='Asia/Jerusalem'))   eumiro 5
18. >>> import zoneinfo >>> datetime.datetime.now(zoneinfo.ZoneInfo('Asia/Jerusalem')) datetime.datetime(2021, 1, 4, 18, 10, 0, 0, tzinfo=zoneinfo.ZoneInfo(key='Asia/Jerusalem'))   eumiro 6
19. >>> import zoneinfo >>> datetime.datetime.now(zoneinfo.ZoneInfo('Asia/Jerusalem')) datetime.datetime(2021, 1, 4, 18, 10, 0, 0, tzinfo=zoneinfo.ZoneInfo(key='Asia/Jerusalem')) >>> from dateutil import tz >>> datetime.datetime.now(tz.gettz('Europe/Warsaw')) datetime.datetime(2021, 1, 4, 18, 10, 0, 0, tzinfo=tzfile('/usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Jerusalem'))   eumiro 6
20. >>> import zoneinfo >>> datetime.datetime.now(zoneinfo.ZoneInfo('Asia/Jerusalem')) datetime.datetime(2021, 1, 4, 18, 10, 0, 0, tzinfo=zoneinfo.ZoneInfo(key='Asia/Jerusalem')) >>> from dateutil import tz >>> datetime.datetime.now(tz.gettz('Europe/Warsaw')) datetime.datetime(2021, 1, 4, 18, 10, 0, 0, tzinfo=tzfile('/usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Jerusalem')) >>> import pytz >>> datetime.datetime.now(pytz.timezone('Asia/Jerusalem')) datetime.datetime(2020, 1, 4, 18, 10, 0, 0, tzinfo=<DstTzInfo 'Asia/Jerusalem' IST+2:00:00 STD>)   eumiro 6
21. >>> date = datetime.datetime.utcnow().strftime('%Y-%m-%d') >>> weekday = datetime.datetime.utcnow().strftime('%A') '2021-01-04' 'Monday'   eumiro 7
22. >>> date = datetime.datetime.utcnow().strftime('%Y-%m-%d') >>> weekday = datetime.datetime.utcnow().strftime('%A') '2021-01-04' 'Monday' >>> now = datetime.datetime.utcnow() >>> date = now.strftime('%Y-%m-%d') >>> weekday = now.strftime('%A')   eumiro 7
23. >>> date = datetime.datetime.utcnow().strftime('%Y-%m-%d') >>> weekday = datetime.datetime.utcnow().strftime('%A') '2021-01-04' 'Monday' >>> now = datetime.datetime.utcnow() >>> date = now.strftime('%Y-%m-%d') >>> weekday = now.strftime('%A') Check the time only once!   eumiro 7
24. >>> start = datetime.datetime.utcnow() # datetime.datetime(2021, 1, 4, 16, 10, 0, 0) >>> expensive_operation() >>> end = datetime.datetime.utcnow() # datetime.datetime(2021, 1, 4, 16, 10, 1, 0) >>> elapsed = (end - start).total_seconds() # datetime.timedelta(seconds=1) -> 1.   eumiro 8
25. >>> start = datetime.datetime.utcnow() # datetime.datetime(2021, 1, 4, 16, 10, 0, 0) >>> expensive_operation() >>> end = datetime.datetime.utcnow() # datetime.datetime(2021, 1, 4, 16, 10, 1, 0) >>> elapsed = (end - start).total_seconds() # datetime.timedelta(seconds=1) -> 1. >>> one_second = datetime.timedelta(seconds=1) >>> elapsed = (end - start) / one_second # 1.   eumiro 8
26. >>> start = datetime.datetime.utcnow() # datetime.datetime(2021, 1, 4, 16, 10, 0, 0) >>> expensive_operation() >>> end = datetime.datetime.utcnow() # datetime.datetime(2021, 1, 4, 16, 10, 1, 0) >>> elapsed = (end - start).total_seconds() # datetime.timedelta(seconds=1) -> 1. >>> one_second = datetime.timedelta(seconds=1) >>> elapsed = (end - start) / one_second # 1. >>> start = time.time() # 1609776600.0 >>> expensive_operation() >>> end = time.time() # 1609776601.0 >>> elapsed = end - start # 1.0   eumiro 8
27. >>> start = datetime.datetime.utcnow() # datetime.datetime(2021, 1, 4, 16, 10, 0, 0) >>> expensive_operation() >>> end = datetime.datetime.utcnow() # datetime.datetime(2021, 1, 4, 16, 10, 1, 0) >>> elapsed = (end - start).total_seconds() # datetime.timedelta(seconds=1) -> 1. >>> one_second = datetime.timedelta(seconds=1) >>> elapsed = (end - start) / one_second # 1. >>> start = time.time() # 1609776600.0 >>> expensive_operation() >>> end = time.time() # 1609776601.0 >>> elapsed = end - start # 1.0 >>> start = time.monotonic() # 5.0 >>> expensive_operation() >>> end = time.monotonic() # 6.0 >>> elapsed = end - start # 1.0   eumiro 8
28. >>> start = datetime.datetime.utcnow() # datetime.datetime(2021, 1, 4, 16, 10, 0, 0) >>> expensive_operation() >>> end = datetime.datetime.utcnow() # datetime.datetime(2021, 1, 4, 16, 10, 1, 0) >>> elapsed = (end - start).total_seconds() # datetime.timedelta(seconds=1) -> 1. >>> one_second = datetime.timedelta(seconds=1) >>> elapsed = (end - start) / one_second # 1. >>> start = time.time() # 1609776600.0 >>> expensive_operation() >>> end = time.time() # 1609776601.0 >>> elapsed = end - start # 1.0 >>> start = time.monotonic() # 5.0 >>> expensive_operation() >>> end = time.monotonic() # 6.0 >>> elapsed = end - start # 1.0 >>> time.monotonic_ns() # 6000000000   eumiro 8
29.   eumiro 9
30. >>> len(pytz.common_timezones) 440   eumiro 10
31. >>> len(pytz.common_timezones) 440   eumiro 10
32. https://www.iana.org/time-zones   eumiro 11
33. https://www.iana.org/time-zones   eumiro 11
34. tzdata2020f.tar.gz (2020-12-29, 402kB)   eumiro 12
35. tzdata2020f.tar.gz (2020-12-29, 402kB) 3042 5. Okt 2018 CONTRIBUTING 182458 22. Dez 22:05 europe 252 25. Mai 2017 LICENSE 404 17. Jun 2019 factory 44015 23. Dez 20:21 Makefile 4463 20. Feb 2019 iso3166.tab 186547 29. Dez 09:18 NEWS 10662 9. Jul 21:59 leap-seconds.list 2424 19. Aug 05:47 README 3388 25. Okt 22:43 leapseconds 69921 11. Dez 04:39 africa 8889 25. Okt 22:43 leapseconds.awk 13743 4. Okt 00:07 antarctica 169355 5. Dez 19:39 northamerica 177139 27. Okt 19:32 asia 88277 4. Okt 00:07 southamerica 94449 5. Dez 19:32 australasia 60781 25. Nov 07:07 theory.html 4680 25. Nov 00:40 backward 6 29. Dez 09:18 version 26223 25. Nov 00:40 backzone 4188 23. Dez 20:21 ziguard.awk 5567 2. Okt 2017 calendars 8347 3. Okt 23:58 zishrink.awk 1008 2. Jun 2017 checklinks.awk 19321 2. Dez 05:52 zone.tab 4473 22. Jun 2019 checktab.awk 17835 2. Dez 05:52 zone1970.tab 2704 22. Okt 21:47 etcetera 1450 4. Okt 00:07 zoneinfo2tdf.pl   eumiro 12
36.   eumiro 13
37. Asia/Jerusalem   eumiro 14
38. # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Asia/Jerusalem 2:20:54 - LMT 1880 2:20:40 - JMT 1918 # Jerusalem Mean Time? 2:00 Zion I%sT   eumiro 15
39. # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Asia/Jerusalem 2:20:54 - LMT 1880 2:20:40 - JMT 1918 # Jerusalem Mean Time? 2:00 Zion I%sT # From Ephraim Silverberg (2001-01-11): # # I coined "IST/IDT" circa 1988. Until then there were three # different abbreviations in use: # # JST Jerusalem Standard Time [Danny Braniss, Hebrew University] # IZT Israel Zonal (sic) Time [Prof. Haim Papo, Technion] # EEST Eastern Europe Standard Time [used by almost everyone else]   eumiro 15
40. # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Zion 1940 only - May 31 24:00u 1:00 D Rule Zion 1940 only - Sep 30 24:00u 0 S Rule Zion 1940 only - Nov 16 24:00u 1:00 D Rule Zion 1942 1946 - Oct 31 24:00u 0 S Rule Zion 1943 1944 - Mar 31 24:00u 1:00 D Rule Zion 1945 1946 - Apr 15 24:00u 1:00 D Rule Zion 1948 only - May 22 24:00u 2:00 DD Rule Zion 1948 only - Aug 31 24:00u 1:00 D Rule Zion 1948 1949 - Oct 31 24:00u 0 S Rule Zion 1949 only - Apr 30 24:00u 1:00 D Rule Zion 1950 only - Apr 15 24:00u 1:00 D Rule Zion 1950 only - Sep 14 24:00u 0 S Rule Zion 1951 only - Mar 31 24:00u 1:00 D Rule Zion 1951 only - Nov 10 24:00u 0 S Rule Zion 1952 only - Apr 19 24:00u 1:00 D Rule Zion 1952 only - Oct 18 24:00u 0 S Rule Zion 1953 only - Apr 11 24:00u 1:00 D Rule Zion 1953 only - Sep 12 24:00u 0 S Rule Zion 1954 only - Jun 12 24:00u 1:00 D Rule Zion 1954 only - Sep 11 24:00u 0 S Rule Zion 1955 only - Jun 11 24:00u 1:00 D Rule Zion 1955 only - Sep 10 24:00u 0 S Rule Zion 1956 only - Jun 2 24:00u 1:00 D Rule Zion 1956 only - Sep 29 24:00u 0 S Rule Zion 1957 only - Apr 27 24:00u 1:00 D Rule Zion 1957 only - Sep 21 24:00u 0 S Rule Zion 1974 only - Jul 6 24:00 1:00 D Rule Zion 1974 only - Oct 12 24:00 0 S Rule Zion 1975 only - Apr 19 24:00 1:00 D Rule Zion 1975 only - Aug 30 24:00 0 S   eumiro 16
41. # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Zion 1980 only - Aug 2 24:00s 1:00 D Rule Zion 1980 only - Sep 13 24:00s 0 S Rule Zion 1984 only - May 5 24:00s 1:00 D Rule Zion 1984 only - Aug 25 24:00s 0 S Rule Zion 1985 only - Apr 13 24:00 1:00 D Rule Zion 1985 only - Aug 31 24:00 0 S Rule Zion 1986 only - May 17 24:00 1:00 D Rule Zion 1986 only - Sep 6 24:00 0 S Rule Zion 1987 only - Apr 14 24:00 1:00 D Rule Zion 1987 only - Sep 12 24:00 0 S Rule Zion 1988 only - Apr 9 24:00 1:00 D Rule Zion 1988 only - Sep 3 24:00 0 S Rule Zion 1989 only - Apr 29 24:00 1:00 D Rule Zion 1989 only - Sep 2 24:00 0 S Rule Zion 1990 only - Mar 24 24:00 1:00 D Rule Zion 1990 only - Aug 25 24:00 0 S Rule Zion 1991 only - Mar 23 24:00 1:00 D Rule Zion 1991 only - Aug 31 24:00 0 S Rule Zion 1992 only - Mar 28 24:00 1:00 D Rule Zion 1992 only - Sep 5 24:00 0 S Rule Zion 1993 only - Apr 2 0:00 1:00 D Rule Zion 1993 only - Sep 5 0:00 0 S Rule Zion 1994 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D Rule Zion 1994 only - Aug 28 0:00 0 S Rule Zion 1995 only - Mar 31 0:00 1:00 D Rule Zion 1995 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S Rule Zion 1996 only - Mar 14 24:00 1:00 D Rule Zion 1996 only - Sep 15 24:00 0 S Rule Zion 1997 only - Mar 20 24:00 1:00 D Rule Zion 1997 only - Sep 13 24:00 0 S Rule Zion 1998 only - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 D Rule Zion 1998 only - Sep 6 0:00 0 S Rule Zion 1999 only - Apr 2 2:00 1:00 D Rule Zion 1999 only - Sep 3 2:00 0 S   eumiro 17
42. # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Zion 2000 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D Rule Zion 2000 only - Oct 6 1:00 0 S Rule Zion 2001 only - Apr 9 1:00 1:00 D Rule Zion 2001 only - Sep 24 1:00 0 S Rule Zion 2002 only - Mar 29 1:00 1:00 D Rule Zion 2002 only - Oct 7 1:00 0 S Rule Zion 2003 only - Mar 28 1:00 1:00 D Rule Zion 2003 only - Oct 3 1:00 0 S Rule Zion 2004 only - Apr 7 1:00 1:00 D Rule Zion 2004 only - Sep 22 1:00 0 S Rule Zion 2005 2012 - Apr Fri<=1 2:00 1:00 D Rule Zion 2005 only - Oct 9 2:00 0 S Rule Zion 2006 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 S Rule Zion 2007 only - Sep 16 2:00 0 S Rule Zion 2008 only - Oct 5 2:00 0 S Rule Zion 2009 only - Sep 27 2:00 0 S Rule Zion 2010 only - Sep 12 2:00 0 S Rule Zion 2011 only - Oct 2 2:00 0 S Rule Zion 2012 only - Sep 23 2:00 0 S   eumiro 18
43. # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Zion 2000 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D Rule Zion 2000 only - Oct 6 1:00 0 S Rule Zion 2001 only - Apr 9 1:00 1:00 D Rule Zion 2001 only - Sep 24 1:00 0 S Rule Zion 2002 only - Mar 29 1:00 1:00 D Rule Zion 2002 only - Oct 7 1:00 0 S Rule Zion 2003 only - Mar 28 1:00 1:00 D Rule Zion 2003 only - Oct 3 1:00 0 S Rule Zion 2004 only - Apr 7 1:00 1:00 D Rule Zion 2004 only - Sep 22 1:00 0 S Rule Zion 2005 2012 - Apr Fri<=1 2:00 1:00 D Rule Zion 2005 only - Oct 9 2:00 0 S Rule Zion 2006 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 S Rule Zion 2007 only - Sep 16 2:00 0 S Rule Zion 2008 only - Oct 5 2:00 0 S Rule Zion 2009 only - Sep 27 2:00 0 S Rule Zion 2010 only - Sep 12 2:00 0 S Rule Zion 2011 only - Oct 2 2:00 0 S Rule Zion 2012 only - Sep 23 2:00 0 S # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Zion 2013 max - Mar Fri>=23 2:00 1:00 D Rule Zion 2013 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S   eumiro 18
44. # According to the Office of the Secretary General of the Ministry of # Interior, there is NO set rule for Daylight-Savings/Standard time changes.   eumiro 19
45. # According to the Office of the Secretary General of the Ministry of # Interior, there is NO set rule for Daylight-Savings/Standard time changes. # One thing is entrenched in law, however: that there must be at least 150 # days of daylight savings time annually.   eumiro 19
46. # According to the Office of the Secretary General of the Ministry of # Interior, there is NO set rule for Daylight-Savings/Standard time changes. # One thing is entrenched in law, however: that there must be at least 150 # days of daylight savings time annually. # 1996 is an exception to this rule where the change back to standard # time took place on Sunday night instead of Saturday night to avoid # conflicts with the Jewish New Year.   eumiro 19
47. # According to the Office of the Secretary General of the Ministry of # Interior, there is NO set rule for Daylight-Savings/Standard time changes. # One thing is entrenched in law, however: that there must be at least 150 # days of daylight savings time annually. # 1996 is an exception to this rule where the change back to standard # time took place on Sunday night instead of Saturday night to avoid # conflicts with the Jewish New Year. # Starting in 2001, all changes to/from will take place at 1 a.m. old time, # but now there is no rule as to what day of the week it will take place # in as the start date (except in 2003) is the night after the Passover # Seder (i.e. the eve of the 16th of Nisan in the lunar Hebrew calendar) # and the end date (except in 2002) is three nights before Yom Kippur # [Day of Atonement] (the eve of the 7th of Tishrei in the lunar Hebrew calendar).   eumiro 19
48. # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Zion 2013 max - Mar Fri>=23 2:00 1:00 D Rule Zion 2013 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S   eumiro 20
49. # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Zion 2013 max - Mar Fri>=23 2:00 1:00 D Rule Zion 2013 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Asia/Jerusalem 2:20:54 - LMT 1880 2:20:40 - JMT 1918 # Jerusalem Mean Time? 2:00 Zion I%sT   eumiro 20
50. # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Zion 2013 max - Mar Fri>=23 2:00 1:00 D Rule Zion 2013 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Asia/Jerusalem 2:20:54 - LMT 1880 2:20:40 - JMT 1918 # Jerusalem Mean Time? 2:00 Zion I%sT # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Asia/Gaza 2:17:52 - LMT 1900 Oct 2:00 Zion EET/EEST 1948 May 15 2:00 EgyptAsia EE%sT 1967 Jun 5 2:00 Zion I%sT 1996 2:00 Jordan EE%sT 1999 2:00 Palestine EE%sT 2008 Aug 29 0:00 2:00 - EET 2008 Sep 2:00 Palestine EE%sT 2010 2:00 - EET 2010 Mar 27 0:01 2:00 Palestine EE%sT 2011 Aug 1 2:00 - EET 2012 2:00 Palestine EE%sT Zone Asia/Hebron 2:20:23 - LMT 1900 Oct 2:00 Zion EET/EEST 1948 May 15 2:00 EgyptAsia EE%sT 1967 Jun 5 2:00 Zion I%sT 1996 2:00 Jordan EE%sT 1999 2:00 Palestine EE%sT   eumiro 20
51.   eumiro 21
52.   eumiro 22
53. Africa/Abidjan # Côte d'Ivoire / Ivory Coast # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Africa/Abidjan -0:16:08 - LMT 1912 0:00 - GMT   eumiro 23
54. Africa/Abidjan # Côte d'Ivoire / Ivory Coast # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Africa/Abidjan -0:16:08 - LMT 1912 0:00 - GMT Link Africa/Abidjan Africa/Bamako # Mali Link Africa/Abidjan Africa/Banjul # Gambia Link Africa/Abidjan Africa/Conakry # Guinea Link Africa/Abidjan Africa/Dakar # Senegal Link Africa/Abidjan Africa/Freetown # Sierra Leone Link Africa/Abidjan Africa/Lome # Togo Link Africa/Abidjan Africa/Nouakchott # Mauritania Link Africa/Abidjan Africa/Ouagadougou # Burkina Faso Link Africa/Abidjan Atlantic/St_Helena # St Helena   eumiro 23
55. Africa/Casablanca […] Rule Morocco 2080 only - Jun 16 3:00 -1:00 - Rule Morocco 2080 only - Jul 21 2:00 0 - Rule Morocco 2081 only - Jun 1 3:00 -1:00 - Rule Morocco 2081 only - Jul 13 2:00 0 - Rule Morocco 2082 only - May 24 3:00 -1:00 - Rule Morocco 2082 only - Jun 28 2:00 0 - Rule Morocco 2083 only - May 16 3:00 -1:00 - Rule Morocco 2083 only - Jun 20 2:00 0 - Rule Morocco 2084 only - Apr 30 3:00 -1:00 - Rule Morocco 2084 only - Jun 11 2:00 0 - Rule Morocco 2085 only - Apr 22 3:00 -1:00 - Rule Morocco 2085 only - May 27 2:00 0 - Rule Morocco 2086 only - Apr 14 3:00 -1:00 - Rule Morocco 2086 only - May 19 2:00 0 - Rule Morocco 2087 only - Mar 30 3:00 -1:00 - Rule Morocco 2087 only - May 11 2:00 0 - # For dates after the somewhat-arbitrary cutoff of 2087, assume that # Morocco will no longer observe DST. At some point this table will # need to be extended, though quite possibly Morocco will change the # rules first.   eumiro 24
56. Europe/Istanbul Link Europe/Istanbul Asia/Istanbul # Istanbul is in both continents.   eumiro 25
57. Europe/Istanbul Link Europe/Istanbul Asia/Istanbul # Istanbul is in both continents. Zone Europe/Istanbul 1:55:52 - LMT 1880 1:56:56 - IMT 1910 Oct # Istanbul Mean Time? 2:00 Turkey EE%sT 1978 Oct 15 3:00 Turkey +03/+04 1985 Apr 20 2:00 Turkey EE%sT 2007 2:00 EU EE%sT 2011 Mar 27 1:00u 2:00 - EET 2011 Mar 28 1:00u 2:00 EU EE%sT 2014 Mar 30 1:00u 2:00 - EET 2014 Mar 31 1:00u 2:00 EU EE%sT 2015 Oct 25 1:00u 2:00 1:00 EEST 2015 Nov 8 1:00u 2:00 EU EE%sT 2016 Sep 7 3:00 - +03   eumiro 25
58. Europe/Istanbul Link Europe/Istanbul Asia/Istanbul # Istanbul is in both continents. Zone Europe/Istanbul 1:55:52 - LMT 1880 1:56:56 - IMT 1910 Oct # Istanbul Mean Time? 2:00 Turkey EE%sT 1978 Oct 15 3:00 Turkey +03/+04 1985 Apr 20 2:00 Turkey EE%sT 2007 2:00 EU EE%sT 2011 Mar 27 1:00u 2:00 - EET 2011 Mar 28 1:00u 2:00 EU EE%sT 2014 Mar 30 1:00u 2:00 - EET 2014 Mar 31 1:00u 2:00 EU EE%sT 2015 Oct 25 1:00u 2:00 1:00 EEST 2015 Nov 8 1:00u 2:00 EU EE%sT 2016 Sep 7 3:00 - +03 (2011-03-10): […] Turkey will change into summer time zone (GMT+3) on March 28, 2011 at 3:00 a.m. instead of March 27. This change is due to a nationwide exam on 27th. [URL] Turkish: [URL]   eumiro 25
59. 2:00 EU EE%sT 2014 Mar 30 1:00u 2:00 - EET 2014 Mar 31 1:00u […] (2014-02-14): The DST for Turkey has been changed for this year because of the Turkish Local election.... [URL] ... so Turkey will move clocks forward one hour on March 31 at 3:00 a.m. […] (2014-04-15): Having landed on a flight from the states to Istanbul (via AMS) on March 31, I can tell you that NOBODY (even the airlines) respected this timezone DST change delay. Maybe the word just didn't get out in time. […] (2014-06-15): The press reported massive confusion, as election officials obeyed the rule change but cell phones (and airline baggage systems) did not. See: [URL from 2014-03-30] I guess the best we can do is document the official time.   eumiro 26
60. 2:00 EU EE%sT 2015 Oct 25 1:00u 2:00 1:00 EEST 2015 Nov 8 1:00u […] (2015-09-29): It's officially announced now by the Ministry of Energy. Turkey delays winter time to 8th of November 04:00 [URL] BBC News (2015-10-25): Confused Turks are asking "what's the time?" after automatic clocks defied a government decision ... "For the next two weeks #Turkey is on EEST... Erdogan Engineered Standard Time," said Twitter user @aysekarahasan. [URL]   eumiro 27
61. 2:00 EU EE%sT 2016 Sep 7 3:00 - +03 […] (2016-09-08): Turkey will stay in Daylight Saving Time even in winter.... [URL] […] (2016-09-07): The change is permanent, so this is the new standard time in Turkey. It takes effect today, which is not much notice. […] (2017-10-28): Turkey will go back to Daylight Saving Time starting 2018-10. [URL] […] (2017-11-08): ... today it was announced that the DST will become "continuous": [URL] […] (2017-11-08): Although Google Translate misfires on that source, it looks like Turkey reversed last month's decision, and so will stay at +03.   eumiro 28
62. America/Caracas Zone America/Caracas -4:27:44 - LMT 1890 -4:27:40 - CMT 1912 Feb 12 # Caracas Mean Time? -4:30 - -0430 1965 Jan 1 0:00 -4:00 - -04 2007 Dec 9 3:00 -4:30 - -0430 2016 May 1 2:30 -4:00 - -04 […] (2016-04-15): Clocks advance 30 minutes on 2016-05-01 at 02:30.... […] [URL from Reuters] […] (2016-04-20): ... published in the official Gazette [2016-04-18], here: [URL from .ve]   eumiro 29
63. America/Port-au-Prince Rule Haiti 2005 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D Rule Haiti 2005 2006 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 S Rule Haiti 2012 2015 - Mar Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D Rule Haiti 2012 2015 - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 0 S Rule Haiti 2017 max - Mar Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D Rule Haiti 2017 max - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 0 S […] (2005-04-15) […] wrote me that Haiti is now on DST. I searched for confirmation, and I found a press release on the Web page of the Haitian Consulate in Chicago (2005-03-31), […] […] (2006-04-04) I have been informed by users that Haiti observes DST this year like last year […] […] (2012-03-11) According to several news sources, Haiti will observe DST this year, apparently using the same start and end date as USA/Canada. […] […] (2013-03-10) It appears that Haiti is observing DST this year as well, same rules as US/Canada. They did it last year as well, and it looks like they are going to observe DST every year now... […] […] (2016-03-12) […] informed us that Haiti are not going on DST this year. […] […] (2017-03-12) We have received 4 mails from different people telling that Haiti has started DST again today, and this source seems to confirm that, I have not been able to find a more authoritative source: [URL]   eumiro 30
64. Asia/Seoul, Asia/Pyongyang Zone Asia/Seoul 8:27:52 - LMT 1908 Apr 1 | Zone Asia/Pyongyang 8:23:00 - LMT 1908 Apr 1 8:30 - KST 1912 Jan 1 | 8:30 - KST 1912 Jan 1 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 8 | 9:00 - JST 1945 Aug 24 9:00 - KST 1954 Mar 21 | 9:00 - KST 2015 Aug 15 00:00 8:30 ROK K%sT 1961 Aug 10 | 8:30 - KST 2018 May 4 23:30 9:00 ROK K%sT | 9:00 - KST   eumiro 31
65. Asia/Seoul, Asia/Pyongyang Zone Asia/Seoul 8:27:52 - LMT 1908 Apr 1 | Zone Asia/Pyongyang 8:23:00 - LMT 1908 Apr 1 8:30 - KST 1912 Jan 1 | 8:30 - KST 1912 Jan 1 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 8 | 9:00 - JST 1945 Aug 24 9:00 - KST 1954 Mar 21 | 9:00 - KST 2015 Aug 15 00:00 8:30 ROK K%sT 1961 Aug 10 | 8:30 - KST 2018 May 4 23:30 9:00 ROK K%sT | 9:00 - KST […] (2015-08-07) According to many news sources, North Korea is going to change to the 8:30 time zone on August 15 […] (2015-08-15) Bells rang out midnight (00:00) Friday as part of the celebrations. […]   eumiro 31
66. Asia/Seoul, Asia/Pyongyang Zone Asia/Seoul 8:27:52 - LMT 1908 Apr 1 | Zone Asia/Pyongyang 8:23:00 - LMT 1908 Apr 1 8:30 - KST 1912 Jan 1 | 8:30 - KST 1912 Jan 1 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 8 | 9:00 - JST 1945 Aug 24 9:00 - KST 1954 Mar 21 | 9:00 - KST 2015 Aug 15 00:00 8:30 ROK K%sT 1961 Aug 10 | 8:30 - KST 2018 May 4 23:30 9:00 ROK K%sT | 9:00 - KST […] (2015-08-07) According to many news sources, North Korea is going to change to the 8:30 time zone on August 15 […] (2015-08-15) Bells rang out midnight (00:00) Friday as part of the celebrations. […] […] (2018-04-29) North Korea will revert its time zone from UTC+8:30 (PYT; Pyongyang Time) back to UTC+9 (KST; Korea Standard Time). […] (2018-04-30) […] It appears to be the front page story at the top in the right-most column.   eumiro 31
67. tzdata2020f.tar.gz (2020-12-29, 402kB) 3042 5. Okt 2018 CONTRIBUTING 182458 22. Dez 22:05 europe 252 25. Mai 2017 LICENSE 404 17. Jun 2019 factory 44015 23. Dez 20:21 Makefile 4463 20. Feb 2019 iso3166.tab 186547 29. Dez 09:18 NEWS 10662 9. Jul 21:59 leap-seconds.list 2424 19. Aug 05:47 README 3388 25. Okt 22:43 leapseconds 69921 11. Dez 04:39 africa 8889 25. Okt 22:43 leapseconds.awk 13743 4. Okt 00:07 antarctica 169355 5. Dez 19:39 northamerica 177139 27. Okt 19:32 asia 88277 4. Okt 00:07 southamerica 94449 5. Dez 19:32 australasia 60781 25. Nov 07:07 theory.html 4680 25. Nov 00:40 backward 6 29. Dez 09:18 version 26223 25. Nov 00:40 backzone 4188 23. Dez 20:21 ziguard.awk 5567 2. Okt 2017 calendars 8347 3. Okt 23:58 zishrink.awk 1008 2. Jun 2017 checklinks.awk 19321 2. Dez 05:52 zone.tab 4473 22. Jun 2019 checktab.awk 17835 2. Dez 05:52 zone1970.tab 2704 22. Okt 21:47 etcetera 1450 4. Okt 00:07 zoneinfo2tdf.pl   eumiro 32
68. Best practices don't invent your own time zones   eumiro 33
69. Best practices don't invent your own time zones don't hard code any rules   eumiro 33
70. Best practices don't invent your own time zones don't hard code any rules keep your time zone libs up-to-date   eumiro 33
71. Best practices don't invent your own time zones don't hard code any rules keep your time zone libs up-to-date follow your government's intentions to modify your time zone and inform tz@iana.org   eumiro 33
72. Best practices don't invent your own time zones don't hard code any rules keep your time zone libs up-to-date follow your government's intentions to modify your time zone and inform tz@iana.org AVOID TIME ZONES IF YOU CAN!   eumiro 33
73. Best practices don't invent your own time zones don't hard code any rules keep your time zone libs up-to-date follow your government's intentions to modify your time zone and inform tz@iana.org AVOID TIME ZONES IF YOU CAN! Miroslav Šedivý   eumiro 33