PERSONALITY ANALYSIS USING HUMAN FIGURE DRAWING TEST (HFD)

This lecture is to discuss HFD- as a technique for the assessment of Personality, with a brief review of; Test , Types of Psychological Tests & Techniques. Analysis of few sample drawings from local college students also has been included.

Transcript

1. FORCES INSTITUTE OF BEHAVIOURAL SCIENCES & ADVANCED RESEARCH (FIBSAR) KP ABBOTTABAD Pakistan CONTACT : Mobile: 0333 5950 315 & 0311 0376122 PERSONALITY ANALYSIS USING HUMAN FIGURE DRAWING TEST (HFD) Dr Tahir Pervez
2. 2 ➢Aim of this lecture is to discuss HFD- as a technique for the assessment of Personality ➢With a brief review of Test , Types of Psychological Tests & Techniques AIM
3. Test is an instrument to measure the sample of individual’s behavior understudy Test ?
4. Psychological Tests ?? 4
5. ➢ A psychological test is a standardized measure of a sample of a person’s behavior ➢ used to measure: ❖ The individual differences that exist among the people ❖The personality traits of an individual ❖The various features of the personality to make some decisions about the individual
6. ➢To be Objective ➢ To be reliable & Valid ➢To be Standardized ➢Must be used & analyzed by experts
7. Psychological tests ➢ Reveals signs / indicators of reasonably stable traits that determine individual’s behaviour which define their personality type; such as : ❑ Adjusted, Maladjusted, Depressive - Optimistic ❑ Introversion- Extroversion, ❑Obsessive -Compulsive ❑Anxious & Impulsive ❑Hostility/ vindictive & ….etc ❑Honest – Dishonest ❑Sadist – Nurturance 7
8. Psychological tests- USE ➢ All Psych Tests, especially projective techniques can be used personnel selection or placement for specific appointments; Conditioned to administer properly and analyzed with required professional maturity For example ❑ Selection of Army personnel is heavily based upon the projective techniques 8
9. Psychological tests- USE ➢ For example ❖ 2nd best use of these tests is by health professionals i.e., by clinical psychologist all over the world ❖In Pakistan various Institutes of clinical Psychology are providing advance training to their students ❖However, some times the use of these testing techniques and analysis is not made as per defined standards and procedures 9
10. Types ? 10
11. Psychological Tests Psychologic al Testing Projective Non Projective
12. Psychological Tests • stimulus are ambiguous • Why Projective Test
13. Projective Hypothesis • All the projective techniques has been designed on the philosophy of Projection: ❖In response to ambiguous or vague stimulus Individual reflects his/ her unfulfilled needs, emotions, experiences, hidden manifestations. his deep-rooted pattern of conscious and unconscious needs, fears, desires, impulses, conflicts, regrets – all which he/she wants to hide 13
14. PROJECTIVE TESTS- Rationale ➢ The more unstructured is the stimuli, the more examinee reveals about his personality. ➢ Every minor response provides meaning for personality analysis ➢ reveals his/her “unconscious trauma ”…. ➢ Individual remains unaware of what he /she has disclosed 14
15. PROJECTIVE TESTS- Rationale ➢ By Virtue of Characteristics of Projective Tests Individual fail to hide his her real self …. ➢ PROJECTIVE TESTS are capable to reveal indicators of individuals personality ➢ To draw the Inferences /conclusions are heavily depend on the maturity and professional expertises of Clinical Psychologist or user the Psychologists 15
16. HFD History ➢ This test was originally Developed by Florence Goodenough in 1926 ❖She used it to Supplement the Stanford- Binet Intelligence test with a nonverbal Measure ➢ In 1949, KAREN MACHOVER Developed It As Draw- A Person Test (DAP) & used it AS A PERSONALITY ASSESSMENT 16
17. HFD- Research • It is consistently been rated as among the 10 most frequently used assessment techniques (Lubin, Larson, & Matarazzo, 1984; Watkins, Campbell, 1995) ➢ Drawings reveal; unconscious of the individuals , level of mental health, hidden trait of personality ➢ which otherwise remain hidden on other tests 17
18. • It is consistently been rated as among the 10 most frequently used assessment techniques (Lubin, Larson, & Matarazzo, 1984; Watkins, Campbell, 1995) ➢ It is not easy for the subjects to create a desired impression (Lindzey, 1961). ➢ Or Faking Good : ❖(A person or thing that appears or is presented as being genuine but is not) 18 HFD- Research
19. HFD • APPLICATION ➢ An Individual is provided 2 A-4 blank sheets and lead pencil ➢ Asked to draw a person male or female on single sheet, in any way that he or she wishes ➢ Then individual is instructed to draw 2nd drawing of opposite sex than the 1st one ➢ No time limit for the test 19
20. HFD INTERPRETATION (Machover) 20
21. Interpretation ➢ For Interpretation, tactful inquiry after completion of HFD is very important ➢ Rather psychologist should add one or two other projective techniques for more valid and conclusive analysis 21
22. HFD ➢Rationale for Analysis ❖Drawing by well adjusted individuals are ‘prominently similar’ ❖Drawings made by the emotionally disturbed individuals are ‘strikingly different’ from the well adjusted individuals (Dileo, 1973) 22
23. HFD – Interpretation Normal succession in drawing with balance Absence of thought disorder; adequate reality contact, Adaptability Large shoulders hands / teeth / claw finger/ long arms/ fist / teeth Un healthy aggression short arms shyness. feminine features—such as long eyelashes / thin waste darkly coloured sex-role confusion Poor integration of parts Emotional Disturbances/ psychosis 23
24. ➢Interpretation ➢Head: ➢ The head is the centre for intellectual power, social balance, and control over impulses. ➢ disproportionate head suggests ❖ that the subject is having difficulty in one mental functioning ❖Also indicators of; brain damage, severe headaches, or other sensitivity of the head. 24 HFD
25. • Large Head: • Fantasies , paranoid, narcissistic, intellectually righteous, ; anything having to do with a inflated ego • Small head- feelings of weakness and intellectual Inferiority • Long hair- ambivalent sexual fantasies • Tiny eyes- strong visual curiosity 25 HFD
26. • Neck: ➢ The neck often represent the connection between the head and the body ➢ An underemphasise may represent one’s disharmony between mind and body ➢ Suggest schizophrenia ➢ feelings of Physical inadequacy ➢ No neck indicate rigidity , poor control over impulses 26 HFD
27. Interpretation ➢ Large ears- hypersensitivity to criticisms / suspicious ➢ Triangle nose- immaturity ➢ Pointed nose- possible acting out tendencies ➢ Tiny mouth- denial of oral dependent needs ➢ Hands behind the back- possibly guilt feelings for manual activity 27
28. Tiny feet- insecurity High heel shoes- possible homosexual tendencies Stick figure- possible depression Opposite sex drawn first- conflict with sexual Identification ❑Large figure –overambitious , grandiousity 28 Interpretation
29. Few important indications on HFD ➢ Drawing at the right, ➢ unclothed body, hand near the genitals, ➢ hand hidden in a pocket, ➢ large nose and moustache ➢ Legs tightly closed /joined ➢ Signs of guilt , to be abused sexual/ trauma Or involvement unhealthy activities ❑ Overambitious 29
30. Signs of Lust for bodly Needs & poor control over sexual Impulse ➢Reinforcement, ➢ Long nose, ➢ Large head, ➢ Legs wide apart, ➢ Too much hair, ➢ Waist line emphasis, ➢ Slash mouth, ➢ Long feet, 30
31. Few sample Drawings of Pakistani Culture – • Drawings of non clinical, normal Students • Drawings indicates that individuals who are apparently normal may possess unhealthy depositions 31
32. 32 ➢Unhealthy Aggression ➢Rigid ➢Low insight ➢Deprivations ➢Immature ➢Behavioral issues ➢Socially vindictive & Sadist ➢
33. 33 ➢Unhealthy Agg ➢Sadistic attitude ➢Suspicious ➢Inconsistent ➢Lacks confidence ➢Socially vindictive & Sadist ➢Disturbed social relations ➢Dominated animal instincts i.e. poor control over his biological impulses ➢ lacks nurturance
34. 34 Withdrawal from reality schizoid Deep rooted deprivation Feeling of decline, (associated with masturbatory guilt)
36. 36 Check your Assessment using manual
37. Scope • It measure reliably ❖Psyh adjustment (Maloney & Glasser, 1982; McNeish & Naglieri, 1993) ❖Cognitive maturity (Chappell & Steitz, 1993) impulsiveness (Oas, 1984) ❖the presence of organic impairment (McLachlan & Head, 1974) 37
38. 38 ➢ Easy to administer ➢ No strict formats ➢ Relatively culture free ➢ Can assess people with Communication problems ADVANTAGES
39. DISADVANTAGES ➢Restricted amount of hypothesis can be developed. ➢Relatively non- verbal but, may have some problems during post test inquiry 39
40. FORCES INSTITUTE OF BEHAVIOURAL SCIENCES & ADVANCED RESEARCH (FIBSAR) KP ABBOTTABAD Pakistan CONTACT : Mobile: 0333 5950 315 & 0311 0376122 Dr Tahir Pervez
41. References • Machover, K. (1949). Personality projection: in the drawing of a human figure. Springfield, IL: Charles C Thomas Publisher. • Plubrukarn, R, Theeramanoparp, S. (2003). Human figure drawing test: validity in assessing intelligence in children aged 3-10 years. J Med Assoc Thailand. 86 Suppl 3:S610-7. 41
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