DIY: Home monitoring with Rails & RaspberryPi

RailsConf 2017 - Phoenix, AZ
Helio Cola
@hacrods
DIY: Home monitoring
with Ruby & Pi

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hac-rods.me
Hi, I am Helio Cola!
• ~16 years developing SW
• ~7 years since I found happiness
• ~6 years full time happiness
• I go by @hacrods on the internet…

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Agenda
• OS installation
• Why Raspberry Pi
• What & Where to buy
• Motion Sensor app
• List of Sensors
• Building Blocks
• Exercises

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Exercises
• OS installation: Raspbian
• Capture images
• Capture videos
• Motion & Digital touch sensor
• Buzzer Lite & Buzzer
• Detect presence & record a video
• Other sensors

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References
• This presentation: https://speakerdeck.com/heliocola
• Repo with building blocks: https://github.com/heliocola/rpi-bb

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OS installation

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OS installation
Options
• Raspbian
• Ubuntu Core
• Ubuntu Mate
• Others: like Windows IOT

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OS installation
Steps for Raspbian:
• Format SDHC
SD formatter tool: https://www.sdcard.org/downloads/formatter_4/
• Copy NOOBS to the SDHC
Download link: https://downloads.raspberrypi.org/NOOBS_latest
• Put SDHC in the PI, power up, and follow the instructions
Instructions can be found: /INSTRUCTIONS-README.txt
So, let’s do that!!! :)

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OS installation
References for Ubuntu Core/Mate/Windows
• Ubuntu Core: https://developer.ubuntu.com/core/get-started/raspberry-pi-2-3
• Ubuntu Mate: https://ubuntu-mate.org/download/
• Windows: http://ms-iot.github.io/content/en-US/Downloads.htm
* If you are interested in one of these OSes, I have some more info I can share: @hacrods

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OS setup (raspbian)
Setup steps:
1. Turn off bluetooth
2. Change keyboard to US
3. Enable SSH & Camera
4. Install MP4 Video format:
$ sudo apt-get install -y gpac
5. Set static IP address:
5.1. sudo vi /etc/dhcpcd.conf
5.2. Paste at the end
interface wlan0
static ip_address=192.168.1.205/24
static routers=192.168.1.1
static domain_name_servers=192.168.1.1

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Why Raspberry Pi

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Why RaspberryPi & Parallella
• Because of Ray Hightower (@RayHightower), Julian Cheal
(@juliancheal), and Chris (@crsexton) and Leah Sexton
• Because they put a curiosity bug on my head
• Because I was bored
• And I’ve been doing some renovations at my house

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What & Where to buy

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What to buy
• Depend of what you are trying to do
• The basics:
Starter kit (Pi 3, case, power supply, heatsink) and Micro SDHC
• Extras:
Camera, sensors, 7” Touch screen display
Other gadgets

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What to buy: RaspberryPi
RaspberryPi: https://www.raspberrypi.org/
• Raspberry Pi Zero W
• Raspberry Pi 1 Model A+
• Raspberry Pi 2 Model B
• Raspberry Pi 3 Model B

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Pi Zero
Pi 1 A+
Pi 2 B Pi 3 B

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Pi Zero vs Quarter

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Pi 3 Case vs Quarter

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Differences between the Pi’
CPU RAM Display USB Others
Pi Zero
W
1Ghz,
Single-core CPU
512MB RAM
CSI (v1.2 only)
and Mini HDMI
USB On-The-Go
ports
Half the size of a
Model A+, with
twice the utility
Pi 1 A+ 700Mhz ARM CPU 512MB RAM HDMI
One USB 2.0
Port
No Ethernet
Low power 0.5W
and 1W
Pi 2 B
A 900MHz quad-
core ARM Cortex-
A7 CPU
1GB RAM
CSI, DSI, Full
HDMI
4 USB 2.0 ports Ethernet
Pi 3 B
1.2GHz 64-bit
quad-core ARMv8
CPU
1GB RAM
CSI, DSI, Full
HDMI
4 USB ports
Ethernet,
802.11n,
Bluetooth & BLE

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Differences between the Pi’
Price Dimensions GPIO
Pi Zero W $10
65mm long x 30mm wide x
5mm thick
HAT-compatible 40-pin
header
Pi 1 A+ $24.95 65mm x 56mm 40 GPIO pins
Pi 2 B $39.95 40 GPIO pins
Pi 3 B $39.95 86.9mm x 58.5mm x 19.1mm 40 GPIO pins

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What to buy: Parallella
• Parallella: https://www.parallella.org/
Parallella Microserver (P1600)
Parallella Desktop (P1601)
Parallella Embedded (P1602)

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The differences
CPU Price RAM HDMI USB GPIO
Microserver
18 cores
Zynq Z7010
667 MHz
(max 1 GHz)
$99 1GB RAM No 1 port No
Desktop
18 cores
Zynq Z7010
667 MHz
(max 1 GHz)
$149 1GB RAM Yes 1 port
24
ports
Embedded
18 cores
Zynq Z7020
667 MHz
(max 1 GHz)
$264.94 1GB RAM Yes 1 port
48
ports

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Buy: where
• Micro center near you
• else if you are near Element14: buy it
• else if you are near Adafruit: buy it
• else (if) you are near Amazon: buy it

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Pi 3: On a TV

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Pi 3: On a touch screen

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Motion Sensor App

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Motion Sensor App
• My Hello World for RaspberryPi
• Detect “movement”
• Do something:
• Call an API
• Sound an alarm
• Turn on the lights and play a music
• Turn on the Camera & record it until
no more presence (or 5-10s)
• Report event + video

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Motion Sensor App
Pi 0 W: front door
Pi 0 W: back door
Pi 0 W: game room Or Heroku, AWS,
Digital Ocean, etc
Pi 3: local server

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Motion Sensor App
• Ruby as usual: rvm, ruby, rack, rails, rails-api, postgres, etc.
Data model

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PIR Motion Sensor

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PIR Motion Sensor
• Reference: https://cdn-learn.adafruit.com/downloads/pdf/pir-passive-infrared-proximity-motion-sensor.pdf
Passive infrared
Pyroelectric
IR motion

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Monitoring a PIR sensor
Reference: https://github.com/jwhitehorn/pi_piper

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List of Sensors

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PIR Motion Sensor

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Smoke and
Combustible
Gas

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Buzzer

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Carbon
Monoxide

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Digital
touch

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Flame

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Vibration

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Temperature
and Humidity

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Sound

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Water level

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Exercises

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Exercises: building blocks
• General Purpose Input and Output pins: aka GPIO
• (binary) raspistill: capture photos
• (binary) raspivid: capture videos
• (gem) pi_piper: read and write from/to GPIO
Reference: https://github.com/heliocola/rpi-bb

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Building block: GPIO
• It is a generic pin in the raspberry board that allows you to control and integrate with the
outside world at run time.
• Read something from the world
• Or Write something to the world
Reference: https://www.raspberrypi.org/documentation/usage/gpio-plus-and-raspi2/README.md

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Building block: GPIO
• Reference: http://blog.mcmelectronics.com/
post/Raspberry-Pi-3-GPIO-Pin-Layout#.WP5-
u1PyslU

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Building block: raspistill
• Reference: https://www.raspberrypi.org/documentation/usage/camera/raspicam/raspistill.md

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Building block: raspivid
• Reference: https://www.raspberrypi.org/documentation/usage/camera/raspicam/raspivid.md
MP4Box:
Install: $ sudo apt-get install -y gpac
Run: $ MP4Box -add pivideo.h264
pivideo.mp4

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Building block: pi_piper
• Reference: https://github.com/jwhitehorn/pi_piper
Read from a GPIO

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Building block: pi_piper
Write to a GPIO

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Army of Pi Zero W & a Pi3
• Pi Zero 1.3 (raspberry):
ssh [email protected]
• Pi 3 (raspberry): monitor/mouse/keyboard
• List of Pi Zero's (W): raspberry
ssh [email protected] (case)

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Rules for accessing the Pis
• Create folder with your name
• If there is already one, add _1, _2, etc
• Do not delete folder that you haven’t created
• The Pi’s don’t have access to the internet

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Army of Pi Zero W & a Pi3
Wiﬁ to access the Raspberry Pi’s:
SSID: RailsConf2017_Pi
Security: WPA/WPA2 Personal
Passphrase: raspberrypi2017

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Exercise: capture a photo
Use raspistill utility to capture a photo from the camera
• Building block:
Raspistill
• Reference: https://www.raspberrypi.org/documentation/usage/camera/raspicam/raspistill.md

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Exercise: capture a video
Use raspivid utility to capture a video from the camera
Limit the video to 5 seconds as the test Raspberry PI only have 32Gb micro disk
• Building block:
Raspivid
• Reference: https://www.raspberrypi.org/documentation/usage/camera/raspicam/raspivid.md

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Exercise: Motion & Digital touch sensor
Use the motion (PIR) or digital touch sensor to trigger a presence event
• Building block:
GPIO
Use GPIO 4 to read input sensor

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Exercise: Lite Buzzer & Buzzer
Lite Buzzer: turn on and off the buzzer by writing to a GPIO
Buzzer: read value from motion (or digital touch) sensor and turn on/off the buzzer
• Building block
GPIO
Use GPIO 4 to read from a sensor
Use GPIO 17 to write to the buzzer

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Exercise: Detect Presence & record a video
When you detect a presence (motion or digital touch) start recording a video for a small period
of time
• Building blocks:
Raspivid
GPIO
Use GPIO 4 to read from a sensor
Use GPIO 17 to write to the buzzer

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References
https://github.com/heliocola/rpi-bb
http://rayhightower.com/
http://juliancheal.co.uk
http://www.codeography.com/
https://www.raspberrypi.org/
https://www.parallella.org/
https://developer.ubuntu.com/core/get-started/installation-medias
https://ubuntu-mate.org/raspberry-pi/
https://developer.ubuntu.com/core/get-started/raspberry-pi-2-3
https://ubuntu-mate.org/download/
http://ms-iot.github.io/content/en-US/Downloads.htm
https://www.element14.com/community/docs/DOC-78156/l/raspberry-pi-7-touchscreen-display
https://cdn-learn.adafruit.com/downloads/pdf/pir-passive-infrared-proximity-motion-sensor.pdf
https://github.com/jwhitehorn/pi_piper
http://bit.ly/k8s-rpi

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http://bit.ly/k8s-rpi
Helio Cola
@hacrods
Thank you!
Any questions?

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DIY: Home monitoring with Rails & RaspberryPi

DIY: Home monitoring with Rails & RaspberryPi

Helio Cola

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