次世代シーケンサーによるメタゲノム解析：桜の花びらに付着した環境DNAを解析する

Transcript

1. DNA (DBCLS) 2018/12/26 JST

2. !

3. "#

4. ࠓ೔ͷ͓࿩
   ੜ෺ֶ
   NFBUT
   ৘ใՊֶ

5. http://docman.dbcls.jp/im/

6. None

7. ٕज़ͷਐา͕ή ϊϜՊֶͷઓུΛม͑ͨ
   ೥͝Ζ

8. Ή͔͠
   αϯΨʔ๏ʹΑΔ%/"഑ྻղಡ
   Ͱ͖Δ͜ͱ͔Βͭͭ͜͜ͱ

9. ͜ΕΛઃܭ͠ͳ͍ͱಡΊͳ͍ ग़య: https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Principle‐of‐Sanger‐sequencing‐Incorporation‐of‐ ddNTPs‐terminates‐the‐elongation‐of‐the_fig4_265264877

10. ͍·
    େن໛Ԙج഑ྻղಡٕज़ʹΑΔ໢ཏతܭଌ
    ͱΓ͋͑ͣશ෦ಡΉ

11. Ϳͭ੾Γʹ͢Δ શ෦ʹΞμϓλʔ഑ྻΛ͚ͭΔ શͯͷ഑ྻʹରͯ͠
    ૬ิ࠯ͷ߹੒Λ͢Δ ೋ࣍ݩ্ۭؒͷܬޫΛ
    ΧϝϥͰࡱӨɺܦ࣌ͷ
    มԽΛॲཧͯ͠഑ྻʹ
    ม׵͢Δ ग़య: https://bitesizebio.com/13546/sequencing‐by‐synthesis‐explaining‐the‐illumina‐sequencing‐technology/

12. ಡΊͳ͔ͬͨ΋ͷ͕ಡΊΔΑ͏ʹ
    ͱΓ͋͑ͣಡΜͰΈΑʂ

13. ग़య: https://gold.jgi.doe.gov/statistics

14. ͋ͷੜ෺ͷή ϊϜͬͯ΋͏ಡ·Ε͚ͯͨͬʁ
    ή ϊϜห౰ϓϩδΣΫτ

15. ग़య: https://www.instagram.com/p/BcybbydAbSK/

16. ग़య: http://wiki.lifesciencedb.jp/mw/GenomeBentoProject

17. େྔฒྻ
    Λ࢖༷ͬͯʑͳݱ৅Λܭଌ͢Δ
    4FRͷ࣌୅

18. ϥϘ͔Βσʔλ͕ͲΜͲΜग़ͯ͘Δ
    ͕ͩγʔέϯα͸ੜମ෼ࢠΛจࣈʹม׵͢ΔػցͰ͋Γ஌ࣝΛੜΉ΋ͷͰ͸ͳ͍

19. None

20. ੜ෺ֶͷ஌ࣝ
    
    ৘ใՊֶͷٕज़Ͱ
    จࣈྻͷฒͼΛ஌ࣝʹม׵͢Δ

21. #JH
    %BUB
    4DJFODF
    ͱͳͬͨੜ෺ֶ͸ܭࢉػͳ͠Ͱ͸΍͍͚ͬͯͳ͍
    ੜ෺ֶ
    NFBUT
    ৘ใՊֶ

22. Պֶతख๏ͷͭͷύϥμΠϜ
    ܦݧཧ࿦ܭࢉσʔλ

23. Ծઆ͔Β࣮ݧΛσβΠϯ͢Δ
    PS
    ·ͣσʔλΛऔͬͯ෼ੳ͢Δ
    Ծઆۦಈܕ
    
    σʔλۦಈܕ

24. ϝλή ϊϜ
    Կ͕ೖͬͯΔ͔Θ͔Μͳ͍͚Ͳ%/"શ෦ಡΊ͹Α͘Ͷʁ

25. ւਫதͷ%/"͔ΒڕͷछྨΛਪఆ
    ஑ͷਫશ෦ಡΉ ग़య: https://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.150088-9

26. ۭؾதͷ%/"͔Βඍੜ෺Λਪఆ
    ۭؾಡΉ ग़య: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0001862

27. ެڞۭؒͷ%/"͔Βඍੜ෺Λਪఆ
    .FUB46#
    1SPKFDU ग़య: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40168‐016‐0168‐z

28. ഉᔔ෺தͷ%/"͔Β௎಺ࡉەΛਪఆ
    ʜ͕Α͘ߦΘΕΔ͕Լͷਤ͸໺ੜಈ෺Λই͚ͭͣʹ%/"Λ࠾औ͢Δख๏ͷ࿦จ ग़య: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-20427-9

29. ೥ౙɾ౎಺๭ॴ
    ݚڀूձʮୈ࢛ճ
    /(4ݱ৔ͷձʯاըձٞ

30. ʮ͜Ε͚ͩγʔέϯε҆͘ͳͬͨΜ͔ͩΒͳΜ͔ಡ·ͳ͍ʁʯ

31. None

32. ࡩͷ඼छͰ͋ΔιϝΠϤγϊ͸઀͗໦Ͱ૿͑ΔΫϩʔϯ
    Ұఆͷؾ৅৚݅ͰҰ੪։Ֆ͢Δ͕Ұि͔ؒΒे೔Ͱࢄͬͯ͠·͏

33. ॓ओͷή ϊϜ͸ಉ͡Ͱ؀ڥ৚͚͕݅ͩҟͳΔ
    ෇ணͨ͠%/"ͷҧ͍͸؀ڥͷҧ͍Λ൓ө͢Δ͔ʁ

34. ͱ͸͍͑ҋӢʹγʔέϯε͢Ε͹Α͍ͱ͍͏Θ͚Ͱ͸ͳ͍ͷͰ
    ݚڀσβΠϯ
    Λ͠·͢

35. ༧ࢉ૊Έ
    αϯϓϦϯάΩοτͱࢼༀͷௐୡ
    αϯϓϦϯάΛ͢Δ
    αϯϓϧ͔Β%/"Λநग़͢Δ
    4
    S3/"
    ྖҬΛ૿෯ͯ͠γʔέϯε͢Δ
    ੜ෺෼ྨσʔλϕʔεʹ໰͍߹ΘͤͯಡΜͩ഑ྻ͔Βੜ෺छΛਪఆ͢Δ
    ֶձͰղੳίϯϖςΟγϣϯΛ΍Δ
    ࿦จΛॻ͘

36. Ϋϥ΢υιʔγϯά
    શࠃ͔ΒࢀՃऀΛืͬͯαϯϓϦϯάΛ͓ئ͍͢Δ

37. None

38. ༧ࢉ૊Έ
    αϯϓϦϯάΩοτͱࢼༀͷௐୡ
    ΢ΣϒΞϓϦέʔγϣϯͷ࣮૷ͱެ։
    એ఻ͱࢀՃऀืू
    ΩοτΛࢀՃऀʹૹΔ
    αϯϓϦϯάͯ͠΋Β͏
    αϯϓϧΛૹͬͯ΋Β͏
    αϯϓϧ৘ใΛॻ͍ͯొ࿥ͯ͠΋Β͏
    ૹΒΕ͖ͯͨαϯϓϧ͔Β%/"Λநग़͢Δ
    4
    S3/"
    ྖҬΛ૿෯ͯ͠γʔέϯε͢Δ
    

    ੜ෺෼ྨσʔλϕʔεʹ໰͍߹ΘͤͯಡΜͩ഑ྻ͔Βੜ෺छΛਪఆ͢Δ
    ֶձͰղੳίϯϖςΟγϣϯΛ΍Δ
    ࿦จΛॻ͘

39. αϯϓϦϯάࢀՃऀ
    149 ໊

40. ू·ͬͨαϯϓϧ਺
    594

41. None

42. શࠃ੍೼ (ԭೄΛআ͘)

43. ಡΜͰΈͨ

44. ಘΒΕͨ഑ྻͷ΄ͱΜͲ͕
    ༿྘ମͱϛτίϯυϦΞ
    ίϯλϛͩ
    

45. ίϯλϛ
    $POUBNJOBUJPO
    Ԛછ
    Պֶ࣮ݧҰൠʹ͓͍ͯҙਤ͠ͳ͍෺࣭͕ࠞೖ͢Δ͜ͱ

46. ɾТɾʆ
    Ұൃউෛͩͱ͜͏͍͏͜ͱ΋͋Δ

47. αϯϓϦϯά࣌ʹՖͼΒͷද໘Λ
    ࡲΓ͗ͯ͢ࡩͷࡉ๔͕ࠞೖͨ͠ͱ
    ࢥΘΕΔͷਤ

48. ࡞ઓมߋ
    ݟ͔ͭͬͨ഑ྻͷதʹԿ͔໘ന͍΋ͷ͸ͳ͍͔ʁ

49. ΄ͱΜͲ༿྘ମͱϛτίϯυϦΞ·ΈΕ
    ΄΅ίϯλϛͱ૝૾͞ΕΔ͕ɺશ෦͕ͦ͏ͳͷ͔ʁ

50. ҧ͏২෺ʹ༝དྷ͢ΔͱࢥΘΕΔ഑ྻ
    γʔέϯεͷϛεͷՄೳੑ΋͋Δ͕ɺϛεϚονͷ਺Λߟ͑Δͱʜʁ

51. Cryptomeria japonica Ֆ࣌Ӎ
    ࡩࢄΓΏ͘
    ͦͷલʹ

52. ɾТɾʆ
    ͜͏ͯ͜͠ͷੈքʹ·ͨҰͭ৽ͨͳτϦϏΞ͕ੜ·Εͨʜ

53. None

54. ر๬͸ͳ͍ͷ͔
    ͜ͷ··Ͱ͸কདྷʹͭͳ͕Βͳ͍

55. ܚጯٛक़େֶઌ୺ੜ໋Պֶݚڀॴ ߥ઒άϧʔϓ ߥ઒ Տ໺ ౻ݪ ٢ా ߴҪ Ѩ෦
    ࠤ౻ণ௚͞Μ

56. ٕज़һ ٕज़һ ֶੜ ॿڭ ॿڭ ॿڭ ।ڭत ൿॻ 0 50

    100 150 200 count abe Arakawa Fujiwara Ishii Kono sato Takai Yoshida member * * εʔύʔςΫχγϟϯҰਓউͪ ݸਓຖͷαϯϓϦϯάʹ͓͚ΔόΫςϦΞ഑ྻ਺ ߥ઒࿨੖͞Μ
    ܚጯٛक़େ

57. 0 1000 2000 3000 count abe Arakawa Fujiwara Ishii Kono

    sato Takai Yoshida member 0 50 100 150 200 count abe Arakawa Fujiwara Ishii Kono sato Takai Yoshida member ٕज़һ ٕज़һ ֶ ॿڭ ॿ ॿڭ ।ڭत ൿॻ ٕज़һ ٕज़һ ֶ ॿڭ ॿ ॿڭ ।ڭत ൿॻ ༿྘ମɾϛτίϯυϦΞআ֎ ༿྘ମɾϛτίϯυϦΞؚΉ ՖคΛଟ͘ͱͬͯ͠·͍ͬͯΔ όΫςϦΞΛ༏ઌతʹͱΕ͍ͯΔਓ͕͍Δ 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 4 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 17 20 40 60 80 100 4 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 17 0 10 20 30 40 50 4 0 250 500 750 1000 1250 1500 17 0 10 20 30 40 50 4 0 250 500 750 1000 1250 1500 17 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 4 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 17 0 5 10 15 20 4 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 17 0 50 100 150 200 4 1500 1750 2000 2250 2500 2750 3000 17 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 4 0 500 1000 1500 2000 17 ٕज़һ ٕज़һ ֶੜ ॿڭ ॿڭ ॿڭ ।ڭत ൿॻ ༿྘ମɾϛτίϯυϦΞͷ഑ྻ਺ͱόΫςϦΞͷ഑ྻ਺ͷ૬ؔ ߥ઒࿨੖͞Μ
    ܚጯٛक़େ

58. ഑ྻσʔλɺϝλσʔλɺ࿦จͦͷଞશ෦͜͜ʹ͋Γ·͢
    EBUBECDMTKQdJOVUBOPPNHTFR

59. αϯϓϦϯάͷख๏Λ޻෉͢Ε͹ΑΓΑ͍σʔλ͕ಘΒΕΔ ͔΋
    SF͓ՖݟϓϩδΣΫτ
    ٻΉϓϩδΣΫτϦʔμʔ

60. Պֶݚڀͱͯ͠੒ཱͤ͞Δ͜ͱ͚ͩͰ͸ͳ͍
    ͓ՖݟϓϩδΣΫτਅͷ໨త

61. ༧ࢉ૊Έ
    αϯϓϦϯάΩοτͱࢼༀͷௐୡ
    ΢ΣϒΞϓϦέʔγϣϯͷ࣮૷ͱެ։
    એ఻ͱࢀՃऀืू
    ΩοτΛࢀՃऀʹૹΔ
    αϯϓϦϯάͯ͠΋Β͏
    αϯϓϧΛૹͬͯ΋Β͏
    αϯϓϧ৘ใΛॻ͍ͯొ࿥ͯ͠΋Β͏
    ૹΒΕ͖ͯͨαϯϓϧ͔Β%/"Λநग़͢Δ
    4
    S3/"
    ྖҬΛ૿෯ͯ͠γʔέϯε͢Δ
    

    ੜ෺෼ྨσʔλϕʔεʹ໰͍߹ΘͤͯಡΜͩ഑ྻ͔Βੜ෺छΛਪఆ͢Δ
    ֶձͰղੳίϯϖςΟγϣϯΛ΍Δ
    ࿦จΛॻ͘

62. $

63. None
64. None

65. ೔࣌
    ΢ΣϒΞϓϦέʔγϣϯ͕ࣗಈೖྗ
    αϯϓϦϯάͷ৔ॴ
    Ң౓ܦ౓ߴ౓ 
    (14Ͱࣗಈೖྗ
    ఱީ
    ೔࣌ͱ(14৘ใΛݩʹؾ৅ி%#͔Βநग़ͯࣗ͠ಈิ׬
    ։Ֆޙͷ೔਺
    ೔࣌ͱ(14৘ใ͔Βಉ͘͡ࡩ։Ֆ଎ใΑΓࣗಈิ׬
    ͦͷଞͷ৘ใ
    ࣗ༝هड़

66. ϓϩͷݚڀैࣄऀ͕ಉ͡ର৅ʹ͍ͭͯௐ΂Δ
    ؍࡯ͱهड़ͷ࣭ͱྔ

67. ඈௗࢁଆ ࢪઃೖΓޱ ࢪઃෑ஍಺ JRԦࢠӺଆ ύʔΫαΠυ λϫʔαΠυ ιϝΠϤγϊ ಓ࿏Ԋ͍ೖΓޱ ߴ౓80.5m αΫϥͷՖ1ݸ෼

    ιϝΠϤγϊݩ໦ $BTFT
    4JNQMF
    UFSNT
    POMZ
    ղऍ͸೉͍͕͠ɺػց͕ಡΊΔ

68. 000353(ը૾000353_1)ʹ͍ͭͯɻ000361ͱͷ૬ҧ఺:ڳߴ௚ܘ56cmɻथߴ10.02m(ը૾000353_2தஈ)ɻथྸ͓Α ͼ২࠿ޙͷ೥਺͕ߴ͍ͱਪఆ͞Ε·͢ɻը૾ڳߴ෦ҎԼͷथൽ্ͷணੜ২෺౳ͷඃ෴཰80%௒ɻணੜ২෺౳͸ϋ ϦΨωΰέՊͳͲ᥌ଽྨ,ϊΩγϊϒͳͲ༽ࣃྨ,΢ϝϊΩΰέ΍ϨϓϥΰέͳͲ஍ҥମ͕ओͰɺΩϊίྨ͸ݟ౰ͨ Γ·ͤΜͰͨ͠(ը૾000353_3)ɻৗ྘޿༿थΛओͱ͢Δೋ࣍ྛ·ͨ͸εεΩ૲஍͔Βͷڑ཭͸21mɻ000353ͱ 000361ͷڞ௨఺:ՖͷܗଶͷΈ͔ΒιϝΠϤγϊͱ൑அ͠·͕ͨ͠,౰஍Ͱ͸ެԂͳͲʹ͍ΘΏΔατβΫϥͷෳ਺ ඼छΛࠞ২͢Δ͜ͱ͕͋ΔͷͰ,ՄೳͰ͋Ε͹ը૾(000353_4)͔Β඼छͷ֬ೝΛ͓ئ͍͠·͢ɻࢼྉ࠾औ஍͸ࣛࣇ ౡࢢ಺ɻḈຎ൒ౡ౦ଆͷࣛࣇౡ࿷ʹ໘͠ɺՐࡅྲྀ෾ग़෺͕ଯੵͯ͠Ͱ্͖ͨϊݪ୆஍্ɻඪߴ90mɻ1978೥ʹ଄ ੒͞Εͨॅ୐஍֎ԑͷެԂʹ২࠿͞Εͨݸମɻ২࠿஍ͷެԂͷ๺౦ଆͱ๺੢ଆʹंಓΛִͯͯ,֓Ͷೋ֊ՈҰށݐ ͯͷॅ୐஍͕͋Γ·͢ɻ૬ରর౓100%ɻंಓ͓ΑͼंಓԊ͍ͷ֗౮͔Βͷڑ཭͸΄΅ಉ͡ɻࣛࣇౡ஍ํؾ৅୆෇ ۙͷԹྔࢦ਺͸140લޙɻௐࠪ஍͸ඪߴ͕80mఔ౓ߴ͍ͷͰͦΕΑΓΘ͔ͣʹ௿͍ͱߟ͑ΒΕ·͢ɻஆԹଳͷর༿

    थྛଳʹ૬౰͠·͕͢,ஆԹଳͷর༿थྛଳʹ૬౰͠·͕͢,২࠿஍ͷެԂͷೆ੢ଆͷࣼ౓30°ͷ֑஍ͷࣼ໘ʹৗ྘ ޿༿थΛओͱ͢Δೋ࣍ྛ·ͨ͸૲஍͕࢒ଘ͍ͯ͠Δ͚ͩͰ͢ɻ࿈೔׆ൃʹ෾Ր͍ͯ͠Δࡩౡত࿨Րޱ͔Βͷڑ཭͸ ͓Αͦ15kmɻ෩޲͖ʹΑͬͯ͸߱փ͕͋Γ·͢ɻҰൠʹࣛࣇౡ࿷पลͰ͸ۭத࣪౓ͷߴ͞ͱՐࢁփͷ෇ணʹΑΓ थ໦ͷװʹணੜ২෺͕ੜҭ͠΍͍͢܏޲͕͋Γ·͢ɻαϯϓϧͷՖห্ʹ΋Րࢁփ͋Δ͍͸ԫ࠭ͱࢥΘΕΔԚΕ͕ ΈΒΕ·͢ɻҰൠతʹ,Ұ੪ʹ࡙͍ͯҰ੪ʹࢄΔؔ౦ͱൺ΂Δͱ,౰஍Ͱ͸1ຊͷथͷ։Ֆظ͕ؒ௕͍(ݸʑͷՖ͕ॱ ࡙͍࣍ͯ,ॱ࣍ࢄΔ)܏޲͕͋ΔΑ͏Ͱ͢ɻ্هͷ։Ֆޙͷ೔਺͸αϯϓϦϯάͨ͠ʮՖʯͷ։Ֆ೔਺Ͱ͢ɻҢ౓ܦ ౓ʹ͍ͭͯ͸GPSઐ༻ػͷ৘ใ(ը૾000353_2Լஈ)Λೖྗ͠·ͨ͠ɻ $BTF
    JO
    EFUBJM
    ྔ͸ଟ͍͕ɺػցՄಡੑ͸௿͍
69. None

70. هड़ͷίετ
    WT
    ղੳ࣌ͷॊೈੑ
    ϝλσʔλͷ࣭ͷ޲্͕
    EBUB
    ESJWFO
    TDJFODF
    ͷ伴ΛѲ͍ͬͯΔ

71. • ܭଌٕज़ͷਐา͕Պֶͷख๏Λม͑Δ • σʔλۦಈܕՊֶͱͳͬͨੜ෺ֶ͸ܭࢉػՊֶͱ༥߹͢Δ • ஝ੵͨ͠σʔλ͕ҖྗΛൃش͢Δ࣌୅ͦ͜σʔλͷهड़͕ॏཁ • ͍͔ʹ࣭ͷߴ͍σʔλΛऩू͢Δ͔ %

72. Պֶͱ͸هड़͢Δ͜ͱ
    ॻ͖ͱͲΊΑɻٞ࿦ͨ͜͠ͱ͸෩ͷதʹਧ͖ඈ͹ͯ͠͸͍͚ͳ͍

73. & ୈ࢛ճNGSݱ৔ͷձ اըνʔϜ ͓ՖݟϓϩδΣΫτࢀՃऀͷΈͳ͞· ೔ຊͷσʔλϕʔεΛࢧ͑Δ DBCLS/NBDC/DDBJ ͷΈͳ͞· Bio OSSίϛϡχςΟ BioHackathon/SPARQLthon/PitagoraNetwork

    ͷΈͳ͞·

74. ' • ഑ྻղੳͷڭՊॻతͳॻ੶ • Dr. Bonoͷੜ໋Պֶσʔλղੳ (ϝσΟΧϧαΠΤϯε Πϯλʔφγϣφϧ) • NGSͷ࣮ݧख๏΍ղੳͷํ๏ʹ͍ͭͯ஌ΔͨΊͷॻ੶

    • ࣍ੈ୅γʔΫΤϯεղੳελϯμʔυʙNGSͷϙςϯ γϟϧΛ׆͔͖͠ΔWET&DRY (༽౔ࣾ) • ౷ܭ΍ػցֶशͷଆ໘͔ΒόΠΦΠϯϑΥϚςΟΫεΛ஌ Γ͍ͨਓ޲͚ • ੜ໋৘ใॲཧʹ͓͚Δػցֶश ଟॏݕఆͱਪఆྔઃܭ (ػցֶशϓϩϑΣογϣφϧγϦʔζ) (ߨஊࣾ) • ࠷৽ͷݚڀൃද΍ߨԋΛYouTubeͰݟΔ • ౷߹TV http://togotv.dbcls.jp/ja/lecture.html • εϥΠυ • speakerdeck.com/inutano