WordPress for the Win! - PHPWorld

WordPress For The Win!
Juliette Reinders Folmer / @jrf_nl

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#phpworld

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#phpworld
Who Am I?
Self-employed,
Independent
Consultant
Creator
PHPCheatsheets
phpcheatsheets.com
Frequent
Contributor to
Open Source
Projects

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#phpworld

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#phpworld
 Themes
 Plugins
 SEO
 Ease of use
 Scalability
 Support community
 Regular updates
 Learning curve
 Setup costs
 Maintenance costs
 Hacker target

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#phpworld

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#phpworld
Anatomy of WordPress

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#phpworld
Page
footer
Admin
Bar
Page
content
(loop)
Page
header
(Invisible) HTML
Sidebar
containing
widgets
(Main)
menu

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#phpworld
Admin Bar
(Invisible) HTML
Admin
footer
Admin
Menu
1. Post
types
2. Custom-
izations
3. Extras
Admin
page
(with
dashboard
widgets)

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#phpworld
Anatomy of WordPress
Functionality
 Core
 Plugins
 Themes
 Languages
 Js Libraries
Content
 Post Types
 Taxonomies
 Widgets
 Users
 Meta data/custom fields
 Options
 Shortcodes
 OEmbeds

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#phpworld
Hooks

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#phpworld
Hooks
See:
 WordPress Codex & Developer Reference
 Hooks database: http://adambrown.info/p/wp_hooks
 Debug Bar – Action & filter hooks plugin

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#phpworld
Hooking into WP
apply_filter( 'hook_name', 'function_name',
$priority = 10, $accepted_args = 1 );
add_action( 'hook_name', 'function_name',
add_action( 'hook_name', array( $this, 'method_name' ),
add_action( 'hook_name',
array( __CLASS__, 'static_method_name' ),

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#phpworld
Action Hooks Front-end
muplugins
_loaded
plugins
_loaded
setup
_theme
set_current
_user
after_setup
_theme
init wp_loaded
parse
_request
posts
_selection
wp
wp_head the_post wp_meta wp_footer
admin_bar
_menu

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#phpworld
Action Hooks Back-end
muplugins
_loaded
plugins
_loaded
setup
_theme
set_current
_user
after_setup
_theme
init wp_loaded
admin
_menu
admin_init
current
_screen
load-
{page}
posts
_selection
wp
admin
_head
admin_bar
_menu
admin
_notices
the_post
admin
_footer

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#phpworld
The Loop

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#phpworld
The Loop
if ( have_posts() ) :
while ( have_posts() ) : the_post();
//
// Post Content here
// the_title()
// the_content()
// the_permalink()
// ...
endwhile;
endif;

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#phpworld
WordPress in Practice

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WordPress in Your Language

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#phpworld
Localized
 ~60 languages
+ ~30 > 50%
 GlotPress
translate.wordpress.org

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wp-config.php
Tips & Tricks

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#phpworld

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Manage Saved Data
/* Change how WP deals with post revisions, trash
and auto-saves */
define( 'WP_POST_REVISIONS', 20 );
define( 'AUTOSAVE_INTERVAL', 60 ); // seconds
define( 'EMPTY_TRASH_DAYS', 30 ); // days
define( 'MEDIA_TRASH', true );

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#phpworld
Performance
/* Enable Compression, concatenation and cache */
define( 'COMPRESS_CSS', true );
define( 'COMPRESS_SCRIPTS', true );
define( 'CONCATENATE_SCRIPTS', true );
define( 'ENFORCE_GZIP', true );
define( 'WP_CACHE', true );

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#phpworld
Multisite
/* Set up WordPress as Multi-site */
define( 'WP_ALLOW_MULTISITE', true );
define( 'NOBLOGREDIRECT', 'http://mywp.com' );
/* After setup - will be provided by WP */
define( 'MULTISITE', true );
define( 'SUBDOMAIN_INSTALL', true );
define( 'DOMAIN_CURRENT_SITE', 'mywp.com' );
define( 'PATH_CURRENT_SITE', '/' );
define( 'SITE_ID_CURRENT_SITE', 1 );
define( 'BLOG_ID_CURRENT_SITE', 1 );

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#phpworld
Custom User Tables
/* Overrule the WP User tables */
define( 'CUSTOM_USER_TABLE',
$table_prefix . 'my_users' );
define( 'CUSTOM_USER_META_TABLE',
$table_prefix . 'my_usermeta' );

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SSL
/* Force secure logins and admin sessions */
define( 'FORCE_SSL_LOGIN', true );
define( 'FORCE_SSL_ADMIN', true );

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PHP Memory Limit
/* Try to increase PHP Memory */
define( 'WP_MEMORY_LIMIT', '128M' );
/* Potentially increase it even more in the
admin area */
define( 'WP_MAX_MEMORY_LIMIT', '256M' );

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#phpworld
No File Editing
/* Disable Plugin and Theme Update and Installation
and/or plugin/theme editor */
define( 'DISALLOW_FILE_EDIT', true );
define( 'DISALLOW_FILE_MODS', true );

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#phpworld
Limit External URL Access
/* Block WP from making external calls */
define( 'WP_HTTP_BLOCK_EXTERNAL', true );
/* Limit allowed external hosts */
define( 'WP_ACCESSIBLE_HOSTS',
'api.wordpress.org,*.github.com' );

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#phpworld
Custom Directory Paths [1]
/* Overrule some directory and url paths.
Mind: no traling slashes! */
define( 'WP_CONTENT_DIR',
dirname( __FILE__ ) . '/blog/wp-content' );
define( 'WP_CONTENT_URL',
'http://mywp.com/blog/wp-content' );
define( 'UPLOADS',
'blog/wp-content/uploads' );
// Relative to ABSPATH

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#phpworld
Custom Directory Paths [2]
/* Overrule some directory and url paths.
Mind: no traling slashes! */
define( 'WP_PLUGIN_DIR',
dirname( __FILE__ ) . '/blog/wp-content/plugins' );
define( 'WP_PLUGIN_URL',
'http://mywp.com/blog/wp-content/plugins' );
define( 'WPMU_PLUGIN_DIR',
dirname( __FILE__ ) . '/blog/wp-content/mu-plugins' );
define( 'WPMU_PLUGIN_URL',
'http://mywp.com/blog/wp-content/mu-plugins');

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Adjust Auto-Updating
/* Disable the auto-updater (WP 3.7+) */
define( 'AUTOMATIC_UPDATER_DISABLED', true );
/* Use true/false to change the default behavior */
define( 'WP_AUTO_UPDATE_CORE', 'minor' );
/* Prevent the table upgrade function being run in
favor of manually running it */
define( 'DO_NOT_UPGRADE_GLOBAL_TABLES', true );

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#phpworld

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#phpworld
FTP Credentials
/* FTP settings */
define( 'FTP_HOST', 'hostname:port' );
define( 'FTP_USER', 'username' );
define( 'FTP_PASS', 'password' );
define( 'FTP_SSL', true );

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#phpworld
Debugging
/* Enable debugging */
define( 'WP_DEBUG', true);
define( 'WP_DEBUG_DISPLAY', true);
/* Error logging to /wp-content/debug.log */
define( 'WP_DEBUG_LOG', true);
/* Load non-minified versions of all scripts, css,
disables compression and concatenation */
define( 'SCRIPT_DEBUG', true);

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#phpworld
Basic Query Debugging
/* Remember the DB queries run for the current
page. */
define( 'SAVEQUERIES', true );

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WP Cron

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#phpworld
WP Cron

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Adjust WP-Cron
/* Prevent Cron running too often (plugins) */
define( 'WP_CRON_LOCK_TIMEOUT', 60 ); // seconds
/* Run wp-cron with a redirect */
define('ALTERNATE_WP_CRON', true);

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Disable WP-Cron
/* Disable WP-cron in favor of real cron */
define( 'DISABLE_WP_CRON', true );

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#phpworld

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#phpworld
Real Cron with Cron Control
*/5 * * * *
/usr/local/bin/php -q /path/to/wp/wp-content/
plugins/wp-cron-control/wp-cron-control.php
http://mywp.com 38a37a2d5b94bc02ce0472a238d493df
wget -q 'http://mywp.com/wp-cron.php?doing_wp_cron
&38a37a2d5b94bc02ce0472a238d493df'

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Theming Your Site

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#phpworld

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Child Themes

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Creating a Child Theme

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Child Theme – style.css
/*
Theme Name: Twenty Fifteen Child
Theme URI: http://localhost/
Template: twentyfifteen
Author: Advies en zo
Author URI: http://adviesenzo.nl/
Description: My Child theme
Text Domain: twentyfifteen-child
Version: 1.0.0
*/

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#phpworld
Template
Hierarchy
Source:
http://wphierarchy.com/

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#phpworld
Example singular.php

if ( is_singular( array( 'employee' ) ) ) {
get_template_part( 'template-parts/content',
'employee' );
} else {
get_template_part( 'template-parts/content',
'singular' );
}
endwhile; ?>

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Functions.php

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#phpworld
Typical Theme Setup Functions
// Hook 'after_setup_theme'
add_theme_support( 'post-formats', $formats );
add_theme_support( 'post-thumbnails', $post_types );
add_theme_support( 'custom-background', $defaults );
add_theme_support( 'custom-header', $defaults );
add_theme_support( 'automatic-feed-links' ); // RSS
add_theme_support( 'html5', $locations );
add_theme_support( 'title-tag' ); // WP 4.1+

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#phpworld
Typical Theme Setup Functions
// Hook 'init'
register_nav_menus();
// Hook 'widget_init'
register_sidebars();

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Theme Customizer
class MyTheme_Customizer {
public static function register( $customizer ) {
$customizer->add_section( 'my_section', $args );
$customizer->add_setting( 'my_setting', $args );
$customizer->add_control( $id, $args );
}
public static function header_output() {
// Customizer CSS
}
}
add_action( 'customize_register',
array( 'MyTheme_Customizer', 'register' ) );
add_action( 'wp_head',
array( 'MyTheme_Customizer', 'header_output' ) );

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#phpworld
Theme Customizer

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#phpworld
functions.php
function add_qr_code( $content ) {
$url = 'http://api.qrserver.com/v1/create- qr-code/
?size=100x100&data=' .
urlencode( get_the_permalink() );
$esc_alt = the_title_attribute( array(
'before' => 'QR Code for',
'echo' => false ) );
return '
alt="' . $esc_alt . '"/>
' . $content;
}
add_filter( 'the_content', 'add_qr_code' );

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#phpworld

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#phpworld
functions.php
/* Change admin page footer Branding */
function my_admin_footer_text( $left ) {
$left = '/>' . esc_html__( 'Webdevelopment, design and
consultancy:', 'text-domain' ) .
'Advies en zo';
return $left;
}
add_filter( 'admin_footer_text', my_admin_footer_text' );

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Extending WordPress

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#phpworld

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Must-use Plugins

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Loading Order
wp-config.php
Must-use plugins
Plugins
• [MS] Network-activated plugins
• Site-activated plugins
Theme
• Child-theme functions.php
• Parent-theme functions.php

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Create a Plugin

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#phpworld
Starting a Plugin
/**
* Plugin Name: Demo Quotes Plugin
* Plugin URI: https://github.com/jrfnl/wp-plugin-best-practices-demo
* Description: Demo plugin - Best Practices Tutorial
* Version: 1.0
* Author: Juliette Reinders Folmer
* Author URI: http://adviesenzo.nl/
* Text Domain: demo-quotes-plugin
* Domain Path: /languages
* License: GPL v3
*/

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#phpworld
What Every Plugin Needs
 Hook your functionality onto actions and filters
 Loading your localization files
 Do something
 Load CSS
 Load JS
 Add admin page or add to another admin page
 Help information
 Activation/ Upgrade routines
 Uninstall routines
 ...

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#phpworld
Add a shortcode
function display_call_to_action( $atts ) {
$atts = shortcode_atts( array(
'user' => 'office', // Default
), $atts, 'calltoaction' );
$user = get_user_by( 'login', $atts['user'] );
$html = '';
if( $user ) {
$html = '';
}
return $html;
}
add_shortcode( 'calltoaction', 'display_call_to_action' );

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#phpworld

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#phpworld
Add Oembed Provider
// Register Speakerdeck as an oembed provider.
function add_speakerdeck_oembed() {
wp_oembed_add_provider(
// URL format
'`http[s]?://(www\.)?speakerdeck\.com/[^/]*/.*`i',
// Endpoint
'https://speakerdeck.com/oembed.json',
true // Is format a regex ?
);
}
add_action( 'init', 'add_speakerdeck_oembed' );

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#phpworld

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#phpworld
Add Custom Content Types &
Taxonomies
register_post_type(
$post_type_name, // Post type name. Max of 20 chars.
Uppercase and spaces not allowed.
$args // Arguments for post type.
);
register_taxonomy(
$taxonomy_name, // Taxonomy internal name. Max 32 chars.
Uppercase and spaces not allowed.
array( $post_type_name ), // Post types to register this
taxonomy for.
$args // Arguments for taxonomy.
);

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#phpworld

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#phpworld
Add a Settings Page
register_setting( $option_group, $option_name,
$sanitize_callback );
get/update/delete_option( $option_name );
add_submenu_page( $parent_slug, $page_title, $menu_title,
$capability, $page_slug, $call_back );
add_settings_section( $section_id, $title, $callback,
$page_slug );
add_settings_field( $id, $title, $callback, $page_slug,
$section_id, $args );
settings_fields( $option_group )
do_settings_sections( $page_slug );
do_settings_fields( $page_slug, $section_id );

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#phpworld

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#phpworld
Add a Widget
class My_Widget extends WP_Widget {
// widget actual processes
public function __construct() {}
// outputs the content of the widget
public function widget( $args, $instance ) {}
// outputs the options form on admin
public function form( $instance ) {}
// processes widget options to be saved
public function update( $new_instance, $old_instance ) {}
}
add_action( 'widgets_init',
create_function( '', 'return register_widget( "My_Widget" );' )
);

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#phpworld

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#phpworld
Enqueue Scripts & Styles
wp_register_style( 'handle',
plugins_url( 'css/style' . $suffix . '.css', __FILE__ ),
array(), VERSION, 'all' );
wp_enqueue_style( 'handle' );
wp_register_script( 'handle',
plugins_url( 'js/file' . $suffix . '.js', __FILE__ ),
array( 'jquery', 'wp-ajax-response' ),
VERSION, true ); // load in footer
wp_enqueue_script( 'handle' );
wp_localize_script( 'handle', 'i18n_js_objectname',
array() );

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#phpworld
(De-)Activation, Upgrade, Uninstall
 (De-)Activation:
 Upgrading -> save plugin version nr & compare
 Uninstall -> uninstall.php file
/* Set up the (de-)activation actions */
register_activation_hook( __FILE__,
array( 'Plugin_Class', 'activate' ) );
register_deactivation_hook( __FILE__,
array( 'Plugin_Class', 'deactivate' ) );

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Doing Things the WordPress Way

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#phpworld
Don’t Reinvent the Wheel
Dashboard
Widgets API
Database API HTTP API
File Header
API
Filesystem
API
Heartbeat API Metadata API Options API Plugin API Quicktags API
REST API * Rewrite API Settings API Shortcode API
Theme
modification
API
Theme
customization
API
Transients API Widgets API
XML-RPC
WordPress API
* Expected in WP 4.4

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#phpworld
Use WP Functions
PHP
 mysqli_...()
 file_put_contents()
 json_encode()
 mail()
 unserialize()
 htmlspecialchars()
 add/stripslashes()
 strtotime() / date()
 http_build_query()
 $_SERVER['HTTPS']
...
WP
 $wpdb->....()
 $wp_filesystem->put_contents()
 wp_json_encode()
 wp_mail()
 maybe_unserialize()
 esc_html()
 wp_unslash()
 mysql2date() / current_time()
 add_query_arg()
 is_ssl()
...
(I mean it!)

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Developing & Debugging

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#phpworld
Useful Plugins
Debug Bar +
Extensions
Developer Pig Latin
User Switching
Log
Deprecated
Notices
What’s
Running
Demo Data Theme Check RTL Tester

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#phpworld
Tools

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#phpworld
Helpful Infrastructure
WordPress Coding Standards CS
WP Unit Testing Framework
Varying Vagrant Vagrants
WP CLI
Generate WP
WP Gear
WPackagist vs TGMPA

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#phpworld
Photo Credits
 WordPress - mkhmarketing (crayons)
http://www.flickr.com/photos/mkhmarketing/8469030267/
 Bridge - Glenn Euloth
http://www.flickr.com/photos/eulothg/4956082108/
 WordPress - Jenn Vargas
http://www.flickr.com/photos/foreverdigital/2768397344/
 Billie Holiday – William P. Gottlieb
http://lcweb2.loc.gov/diglib/ihas/loc.natlib.gottlieb.04251/default.html
 Anatomy - Eva di Martino
http://www.pureblacklove.com
 Hooks - Raul Lieberwirth
http://www.flickr.com/photos/lanier67/185311136/
 Loop - Gabe Kinsman
http://www.flickr.com/photos/auguris/5286612308/
 WordPress - Saad Irfan (core, plugins, themes)
http://www.flickr.com/photos/saadirfan/5722057280/

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#phpworld

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Thank You!
Slides: http://speakerdeck.com/jrf
Feedback: https://joind.in/14755
Contact me: @jrf_nl
jrf

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WordPress for the Win! - PHPWorld

WordPress for the Win! - PHPWorld

Juliette Reinders Folmer

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