Railsアプリ開発環境の高速化

開発環境のパフォーマンスチューニング - クックパッド開発者ブログ
http://techlife.cookpad.com/entry/2015/10/13/101031

cookpad/chanko - GitHub
https://github.com/cookpad/chanko

開発環境のデータをできるだけ本番に近づける - クックパッド開発者ブログ
http://techlife.cookpad.com/entry/2014/10/03/110806

分散テスト実行システムRRRSpecをリリースしました - クックパッド開発者ブログ
http://techlife.cookpad.com/entry/2014/03/24/rrrspec/

Scalable Deployments - How we deploy Rails app to 150+ hosts in a minute
https://speakerdeck.com/sorah/scalable-deployments-how-we-deploy-rails-app-to-150-plus-hosts-in-a-minute

cookpad/reuse_query_results - GitHub
https://github.com/cookpad/reuse_query_results

Transcript

1. 3BJMTΞϓϦ։ൃ؀ڥͷߴ଎Խ
   !LLVCVO
   $PPLQBE5FDI$POG
   

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2. ࣗݾ঺հ
   • ࠃ෼ਸࢤ
   • GitHub, Twitter: @k0kubun
   • ٕज़෦։ൃج൫άϧʔϓ
   • ։ൃج൫ͷӡ༻
   • ։ൃޮ཰ͷ޲্
   

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3. ΞδΣϯμ
   • ͳͥ։ൃ؀ڥͷߴ଎Խ͕ඞཁ͔
   • ߴ଎ԽͷͨΊʹԿΛ͔ͨ͠
   • RailsΞϓϦͷDOMContentLoaded
   • ΞηοτϓϦίϯύΠϧ
   

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4. ͳͥ։ൃ؀ڥͷߴ଎Խ͕ඞཁ͔
   ͳͥ։ൃ؀ڥͷߴ଎Խ͕ඞཁ͔
   ߴ଎ԽͷͨΊʹԿΛ͔ͨ͠
   3BJMTΞϓϦͷ%0.$POUFOU-PBEFE
   ΞηοτϓϦίϯύΠϧ
   

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5. ΫοΫύουͷշదͳ։ൃ؀ڥ
   • ػೳ։ൃ
   • ߴ଎ͳϓϩτλΠϐϯά Chanko
   (@eudoxa, @r7kamura)
   

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6. ΫοΫύουͷշదͳ։ൃ؀ڥ
   • ػೳ։ൃ
   • ߴ଎ͳϓϩτλΠϐϯά Chanko
   • ຊ൪͔ΒϨϓϦ͞ΕΔ։ൃ༻DB
   (@eudoxa, @r7kamura)
   (@adorechic, @sorah)
   

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7. ΫοΫύουͷշదͳ։ൃ؀ڥ
   • ػೳ։ൃ
   • ߴ଎ͳϓϩτλΠϐϯά Chanko
   • ຊ൪͔ΒϨϓϦ͞ΕΔ։ൃ༻DB
   • ςετ࣮ߦ
   • ෼ࢄRSpec࣮ߦ RRRSpec
   (@eudoxa, @r7kamura)
   (@adorechic, @sorah)
   (@draftcode, @eagletmt)
   

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8. ΫοΫύουͷշదͳ։ൃ؀ڥ
   • ػೳ։ൃ
   • ߴ଎ͳϓϩτλΠϐϯά Chanko
   • ຊ൪͔ΒϨϓϦ͞ΕΔ։ൃ༻DB
   • ςετ࣮ߦ
   • ෼ࢄRSpec࣮ߦ RRRSpec
   • σϓϩΠ
   • ߴ଎ͳσϓϩΠπʔϧ Mamiya
   (@eudoxa, @r7kamura)
   (@adorechic, @sorah)
   (@draftcode, @eagletmt)
   (@sorah)
   

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9. ΞϧόΠτ࣌୅ͷࢲͷؾ࣋ͪ
   Q. ΫοΫύου͸։ൃ͠΍͍͔͢ʁ
   

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10. ΞϧόΠτ࣌୅ͷࢲͷؾ࣋ͪ
    Q. ΫοΫύου͸։ൃ͠΍͍͔͢ʁ
    A. ػೳ։ൃͷͨΊͷ࢓૊Έ͕੔͍ͬͯͯɺ
    ςετ΋σϓϩΠ΋ߴ଎Ͱ։ൃ͠΍͍͢
    …͚Ͳ։ൃ؀ڥ͕஗͍
    

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11. 3BJMTΞϓϦͷ%0.$POUFOU-PBEFE
    • Կ͔มߋͯ͠Ϧϩʔυ͢Δͱ16.2ඵ଴ͨ͞ΕΔ
    ʢϨγϐݕࡧϖʔδͷDOMContentLoadedʣ
    

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12. 3BJMTΞϓϦͷ%0.$POUFOU-PBEFE
    • ผʹมߋՃ͑ͯͳͯ͘΋10.3ඵ଴ͨ͞ΕΔ
    

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13. DPPLQBEDPNͷΞηοτϓϦίϯύΠϧ
    $ time rake assets:precompile
    1436.01 real 1092.28 user 338.06 sys
    • ΞηοτϓϦίϯύΠϧʹ23෼56ඵ͔͔Δ
    • 2.5 GHz Inel Core i7, SSD Ͱͷܭଌ
    

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14. ΞηοτϓϦίϯύΠϧ͕஗͍ͱԿ͕ࠔΔ͔
    • CI͕஗͘ͳΔ
    • CIͰຊ൪σϓϩΠ༻ͷΞηοτΛࣄલʹίϯύΠϧ͍ͯ͠
    ΔͨΊ
    • εςʔδϯά؀ڥ΁ͷσϓϩΠ͕஗͘ͳΔ
    • ຊ൪؀ڥҎ֎΁ͷσϓϩΠͰ͸σϓϩΠ࣌ʹίϯύΠϧ͠
    ͍ͯΔͨΊ
    

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15. ͳͥ։ൃ؀ڥͷߴ଎Խ͕ඞཁ͔
    • ։ൃ؀ڥ͕஗ͯ͘։ൃ͠ʹ͍͘ͱɺૉૣ͘Ձ஋Λ
    ಧ͚Δ͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖ͳ͍͔Β
    

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16. 3BJMTΞϓϦͷ%0.$POUFOU-PBEFE
    ͳͥ։ൃ؀ڥͷߴ଎Խ
    ߴ଎ԽͷͨΊʹԿΛ͔ͨ͠
    3BJMTΞϓϦͷ%0.$POUFOU-PBEFE
    .Z42-
    4PMS
    ($
    "TTFU
    ΞηοτϓϦίϯύΠϧ
    ߴ଎ԽͷͨΊʹԿΛ͔ͨ͠
    

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17. 3BJMTΞϓϦߴ଎ԽͰ৮ΕΔτϐοΫ
    • 1. MySQL
    • 2. Solr
    • 3. GC
    • 4. Asset
    

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18. 3BJMTΞϓϦߴ଎Խ.Z42-
    • ActiveRecordͷDBΞμϓλʔͷϨΠϠʔͰSELECTΫΤϦͷ
    ݁ՌΛMemcachedʹΩϟογϡ
    • INSERT, DELETE, UPDATE͕૸ͬͨΒJOIN΋ߟྀͯ͠Ωϟ
    ογϡΛΫϦΞ
    • εΩʔϚ΍σʔλΛ௚઀มߋ͠ͳ͕Β։ൃ͢Δ৔߹͸ແޮʹ
    ͢Δ
    ࢪࡦ: cookpad/reuse_query_results (@eudoxa)
    

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19. 3BJMTΞϓϦߴ଎Խ.Z42-
    ։ൃ؀ڥʹ͓͚ΔݕࡧϖʔδͷDOMContentLoaded
    10,300ms 9,520ms
    ࢪࡦ: cookpad/reuse_query_results (@eudoxa)
    

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20. 3BJMTΞϓϦߴ଎Խ4PMS
    • SunspotʹΑΔSolr΁ͷΫΤϦͷ݁ՌΛΩϟογϡ͢Δ
    • ݩʑݕࡧΠϯσοΫε͸όονॲཧ͞Ε͍ͯͯߋ৽ස౓͕ߴ͘
    ͳ͍ͷͰɺΩϟογϡΛഁغ͠ͳ͍
    • SunspotपΓͷ։ൃΛ͢Δ৔߹͸ແޮʹ͢Δ
    ࢪࡦ: Cache sunspot result (@adorechic)
    

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21. 3BJMTΞϓϦߴ଎Խ4PMS
    ࢪࡦ: Cache sunspot result (@adorechic)
    ։ൃ؀ڥʹ͓͚ΔݕࡧϖʔδͷDOMContentLoaded
    9,520ms 8,990ms
    

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22. 3BJMTΞϓϦߴ଎Խ($
    • ϦΫΤετॲཧதʹGC͕΄ͱΜͲ૸Βͳ͍Α͏ʹ͢Δ
    • WEBrickʹϞϯΩʔύον͢ΔͷΛආ͚ૄ݁߹ʹ͢ΔͨΊɺ
    Rack middleware ͰεΠον͢Δ
    • Ruby 2.0.0Λ࢖͍ͬͯͨ౰࣌͸ޮՌ͕͕͋ͬͨɺ2.2Ͱ͸ࠩ
    ͕খ͘͞ͳ͍ͬͯͨ
    • ࠷৽ͷRuby࢖͏ͷେࣄ
    ࢪࡦ: GC.disable
    

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23. 3BJMTΞϓϦߴ଎Խ($
    3BDL)BOEMFS 8SJDL
    
    3BDLBQQMJDBUJPO 3BJMT
    
    3BDLNJEEMFXBSFT
    3FRVFTU 3FTQPOTF
    ($EJTBCMF ($FOBCMF ($ࢭΊΔ3BDLNJEEMFXBSF
    ࢪࡦ: GC.disable
    

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24. 3BJMTΞϓϦߴ଎Խ($
    ࢪࡦ: GC.disable
    ։ൃ؀ڥʹ͓͚ΔݕࡧϖʔδͷDOMContentLoaded
    8,990ms 6,310ms
    

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25. 3BJMTΞϓϦߴ଎Խ"TTFU
    • config.assets.digest = true ʹ͢Δ͚ͩ (Railsඪ४)
    • Cache-Control: no-cache → public, max-age=31536000
    • ͨͩ͠ Sprockets 2 ͩͱ 304 ࣌ʹ no-cache ʹͳΔ
    • ࠷৽ͷgemΛ࢖͍ඪ४ͷઃఆʹै͓ͬͯ͘ͱupstream͔Β
    ྑ͍ԸܙΛड͚ΒΕΔ
    ࢪࡦ1: ΞηοτͷϦΫΤετΛϒϥ΢βͰΩϟογϡ
    

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26. 3BJMTΞϓϦߴ଎Խ"TTFU
    ࢪࡦ1: ΞηοτͷϦΫΤετΛϒϥ΢βͰΩϟογϡ
    ։ൃ؀ڥʹ͓͚ΔݕࡧϖʔδͷDOMContentLoaded
    6,310ms 4,910ms
    

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27. 3BJMTΞϓϦߴ଎Խ"TTFU
    • Ͳͷϖʔδ΋ڞ௨ͰಡΈࠐΜͰΔେ͖ͳౕ͚ͩ੾Δ
    • stylesheet_link_tag '...', debug: false
    • javascript_include_tag '...', debug: false
    • require਺ͱಉ͡਺͚ͩ͋Δscriptλά͕1ͭʹͳΔ
    • debug: false ʹ͢ΔͱϓϦίϯύΠϧର৅ʹೖ͍ͬͯΔ͔ͳͲ
    ͷ֬ೝΛͯ͘͠Εͳ͘ͳΔͷͰɺςετͰ֬ೝ͢ΔΑ͏ʹͨ͠
    ࢪࡦ2: sprockets-railsͷσόοάػೳΛ੾Δ
    

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28. 3BJMTΞϓϦߴ଎Խ"TTFU
    ࢪࡦ2: sprockets-railsͷσόοάػೳΛ੾Δ
    

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29. 3BJMTΞϓϦߴ଎Խ"TTFU
    ࢪࡦ2: sprockets-railsͷσόοάػೳΛ੾Δ
    ։ൃ؀ڥʹ͓͚ΔݕࡧϖʔδͷDOMContentLoaded
    4,910ms 3,790ms
    

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30. 3BJMTΞϓϦߴ଎Խݱঢ়
    ·ͩ·ͩ஗͍ͷͰվળ͕ඞཁ
    ։ൃ؀ڥʹ͓͚ΔݕࡧϖʔδͷDOMContentLoaded
    10,300ms 3,790ms
    

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31. ΞηοτϓϦίϯύΠϧ
    ͳͥ։ൃ؀ڥͷߴ଎Խ
    ߴ଎ԽͷͨΊʹԿΛ͔ͨ͠
    3BJMTΞϓϦͷ%0.$POUFOU-PBEFE
    ΞηοτϓϦίϯύΠϧ
    ฒྻίϯύΠϧ
    ࠩ෼ίϯύΠϧ
    MJCTBTTͷಋೖ
    ຅ΞΠσΞ
    ߴ଎ԽͷͨΊʹԿΛ͔ͨ͠
    

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32. Ͳ͕͜஗͍͔
    • ֤֦ுࢠʹର͔͔͍ͯͬͯ͠Δ࣌ؒͷ߹ܭΛܭଌ
    • .css: 71.0%
    • .js: 22.6%
    • 1ճͷίϯύΠϧͰԿʹ࣌ؒΛ࢖͍ͬͯΔ͔
    • 70%: sass.gem ΍ execjs.gem (nodejs runtime)
    • 30%: શΞηοτڞ௨ͷॲཧ (Sprockets)
    

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33. ΞηοτϓϦίϯύΠϧߴ଎ԽͷτϐοΫ
    • 1. ฒྻίϯύΠϧ
    • 2. ࠩ෼ίϯύΠϧ
    • 3. libsassͷಋೖ
    • 4. ຅ΞΠσΞ
    

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34. • Sprockets ΁ͷੲ͔Βͷಠࣗύον
    • parallel.gemͰϚϧνϓϩηείϯύΠϧ
    • Ωϟογϡ͕ฒྻॲཧʹ଱͑Δ͔ߟ͑Δඞཁ͋Γ
    • gemԽͯ͠ΔͷΛ࢖͍͍ͨ৔߹
    • sprockets-derailleur.gem ͱ͍͏ͷ͕͋Δ (ผ෺)
    ฒྻίϯύΠϧ
    (@os0x, @mrkn, @eagletmt, @k0kubun)
    

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35. ฒྻίϯύΠϧ
    23෼56ඵ 9෼0ඵ
    ΞηοτϓϦίϯύΠϧʹ͔͔Δ࣌ؒ
    

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36. • લճطʹίϯύΠϧࡁΈͷ΋ͷΛ࠶ར༻͢Δ
    • ௨ৗ௨ΓϑΝΠϧΩϟογϡΛ༗ޮʹͨ͠
    • ಠࣗύονͷӨڹͰલճίϯύΠϧ࣌ͷΩϟογϡΛ࢖͏ͱ
    յΕΔͷͰ࢖Θͳ͘ͳ͍ͬͯͨ
    • ৽͍͠SprocketsΛݟΔݶΓΩϟογϡͷget/set࣌ʹflock(2)
    Λ࢖͑͹ಈ͖ͦ͏ͩͬͨͷͰͦ͏ͨ͠
    ࠩ෼ίϯύΠϧ
    

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37. ࠩ෼ίϯύΠϧ
    લճ͔Βࠩ෼͕ͳ͍৔߹
    9෼0ඵ 1෼12ඵ
    ΞηοτϓϦίϯύΠϧʹ͔͔Δ࣌ؒ
    

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38. • libsass: sassͷC++࣮૷
    • sassc-ruby, sassc-rails͔Β࢖͑Δ
    • Sprockets 4Ͱඪ४αϙʔτ
    • ΄΅sass 3.4ޓ׵ͳͷͰsass 3.4ʹҠߦͰ͖ͯclang͔gcc 4.6
    Ҏ্͕࢖͑Ε͹ಈ͘
    MJCTBTTͷಋೖ
    

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39. MJCTBTTͷಋೖ
    Ωϟογϡͳ͠ͷॳճͷΈ
    9෼0ඵ 5෼58ඵ
    ΞηοτϓϦίϯύΠϧʹ͔͔Δ࣌ؒ
    

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40. ຅ΞΠσΞ
    • Ωϟογϡͳ͠Ͱ଎͘͢ΔΞΠσΞ͸·ͩ͋ͬͨ
    • Sprockets 2 ʹ໭͢ (5෼58ඵ → 3෼14ඵ)
    • Rails 5͕Sprockets 3Ҏ্ཁٻ͖ͯͨ͠ΒࠔΔ
    • therubyracerΛ࢖͏ (3෼14ඵ → 1෼58ඵ)
    • Ϗϧυ΍֦ுࣗମ͕ෆ҆ఆͰӡ༻ίετ͕ߴ͍
    

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41. ΞηοτϓϦίϯύΠϧ࣌ؒͷվળ݁Ռ
    23෼56ඵ
    1෼12ඵ
    ΞηοτϓϦίϯύΠϧʹ͔͔Δ࣌ؒ
    ࠷୹
    5෼58ඵ
    ࠷௕
    

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42. ݁࿦
    • σϑΥϧτͷઃఆʹ௥ै͠ɺRuby΍gem͸࠷৽ͷ΋ͷΛ࢖ͬͯ
    ͍Ε͹ී௨͸ࠔΒͳ͍
    • ୭͔͕ࠔͬͯupstreamΛ௚͢͠ɺࣗ෼΋ͦ͏͢΂͖
    • ͦΕͰ΋Ͳ͏ʹ΋ͳΒͳ͍࣌͸ɺຊ౰ʹඞཁͳ৔ॴʹݶΓࣃΛ
    ৯͍͠͹ͬͯಛผͳઃఆ΍gemΛಋೖ͢Δ
    

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