Nervesで拡張性の高いIoTデバイスを作る / Making Extensible IoT Device with Nerves

K-Ruby #25
https://k-ruby.connpass.com/event/195281/

Transcript

1. NervesͰ֦ுੑͷߴ͍IoTσόΠεΛ࡞Δ
   ܀ྛ ݈ଠ࿠ʢGMOϖύϘגࣜձࣾɺ๺཮ઌ୺Պֶٕज़େֶӃେֶʣ
   ϥΠτχϯάτʔΫ@K-Ruby #25ʢ2020೥11݄26೔ʣ
   1
   

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2. ܀ྛ ݈ଠ࿠ a.k.a. ͋ΜͪΆ
   https://kentarokuribayashi.com
   GMOϖύϘגࣜձࣾऔక໾CTO
   Ұൠࣾஂ๏ਓ೔ຊCTOڠձཧࣄ
   ๺཮ઌ୺Պֶٕज़େֶӃେֶʢJAISTʣത࢜
   લظ՝ఔࡏֶதͷࣾձਓֶੜͰ΋͋Δ
   IoTηΩϡϦςΟؔ࿈Λݚڀ͢Δͭ΋Γ
   ࣗݾ঺հ
   2
   

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3. - NervesΛ༻͍ͯRaspberry PiͰLEDΛνΧνΧͤ͞ΔʢLνΧʣ
   - ElixirͷGenServerͱ͍͏࢓૊ΈΛ࢖֦ͬͯுՄೳͳઃܭΛ͢Δ
   - PhoenixΛ༻͍ͯWeb APIܦ༝ͰLEDΛνΧνΧͤ͞Δʢ΢ΣϒνΧʣ
   - ΢ΣϒνΧΛෳ਺σόΠεؒͷ௨৴ʹΑ࣮ͬͯݱ͢Δల๬Λड़΂Δ
   ίʔυͷৄࡉΑΓ΋ʮElixirͱNervesͩͱ͜Μͳ͜ͱ͕؆୯ʹͰ͖͍ͯ͢͝ʂʯ
   ͱ͍͏࿩Λ͠·͢ʢίʔυ͸GitHubʹΞοϓͯ͠ΔͷͰɺৄࡉ͸ͦͪΒΛࢀর
   ͍ͯͩ͘͠͞ʣɻ
   ͜ͷLTͰ࿩͢͜ͱ
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4. - ϓϥοτϑΥʔϜ
   - ϓϩηεͱݺ͹ΕΔܰྔεϨουʹΑΓɺεέʔϥϏϦςΟ͕ߴ͍
   - ϓϩηεΛ؂ࢹ͠ো֐࣌ʹࣗಈ෮چͰ͖ΔͨΊɺ଱ো֐ੑ͕ߴ͍
   - ݴޠ
   - ؔ਺ܕݴޠͰ͋Γɺ؆ܿͰϝϯςφϯεੑͷߴ͍ίʔυΛॻ͚Δ
   - ڧྗͳύλʔϯϚονϯάػೳɺϚΫϩʹΑΔݴޠͷ֦ுੑΛ༗͢Δ
   - πʔϧ
   - ϏϧυπʔϧͷMix΍ύοέʔδϚωʔδϟʔͷHex౳ͷπʔϧ͕ॆ࣮
   - Erlang VM্Ͱಈͨ͘ΊɺErlangͷར఺ɾࢿ࢈Λ׆༻Ͱ͖Δ
   Elixirͷಛ௃
   ग़ॴ: The Elixir programming language ΑΓචऀ͕·ͱΊͨ
   4
   

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5. - ElixirͰIoTσόΠεΛ։ൃ͢ΔͨΊͷศརͳ͘͠ΈҰࣜΛఏڙ
   - ϓϥοτϑΥʔϜ: BEAMʢErlang VMʣΛϒʔτ͢ΔϛχϚϧͳLinuxϑΝʔϜ
   ΢ΣΞΛఏڙ
   - ϑϨʔϜϫʔΫ: ElixirͰIoTσόΠεΛૉૣ͘։ൃ͢ΔͨΊͷϥΠϒϥϦ܈Λఏڙ
   - πʔϧνΣΠϯ: ϑΝʔϜ΢ΣΞΛϏϧυͨ͠ΓσϓϩΠͨ͠Γ͢ΔͨΊͷCLI
   πʔϧΛఏڙ
   - ͦͷଞ: ϑΝʔϜ΢ΣΞΛOTA͢ΔͨΊͷNervesHubͱ͍͏ج൫Λఏڙʢݸਓత
   ʹ͸͜͜΁ͷڵຯ͔ΒNervesʹϋϚΓ࢝Ίͨʣ
   Nervesͱ͸
   ग़ॴ: Nerves PlatformɺGetting Started — nerves v1.7.0 ΑΓචऀ͕·ͱΊͨ
   5
   

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6. ී௨ͷLνΧ
   ී௨ͷLνΧ
   6
   

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7. - લϖʔδͷίʔυͰ͸ɺϕλʹϧʔϓΛճͯ͠νΧνΧ͍ͤͯ͞Δ
   - LνΧΛ࣮૷͢Δ෦෼Λଞͷػೳͱͭͳ͍͛ͨͱࢥͬͨΒͲ͏͢Δʁ
   - Web API͔ΒLνΧΛݺͼग़͍ͨ͠ʢࠓճ΍ͬͨ͜ͱͱͯ͠࿩͢಺༰ʣ
   - ෳ਺σόΠεʹεέʔϧΞ΢τ͍ͨ͠ʢࠓޙͷల๬ͱͯ͠࿩͢಺༰ʣ
   - ElixirʹΑΔϓϩάϥϛϯάͰ͸ɺଟ਺ͷϓϩηεؒͷϝοηʔδϯά
   ύογϯάʹΑͬͯઃܭ͢Δ
   - ϋʔυ΢ΣΞͷૢ࡞ͱɺૢ࡞ґཔϦΫΤετͷॲཧͱΛΘ͚ͯઃܭ͢Δ
   LνΧΛ࠶ઃܭ͢Δ
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8. LνΧͷॲཧΛߏ੒͢Δϓϩηε܈
   Supervisor
   Worker
   Led
   supervise
   WorkerͱLedϓϩηεΛ
   supervise͠ɺϓϩηε͕མ
   ͪͨΒ্ཱͪ͛௚͢ɻ
   LEDΛΦϯɾΦϑͨ͠Γɺ
   ఺໓ͤͨ͞Γ͢ΔೖΓޱΛ
   ఏڙ͢Δϓϩηεɻ಺෦Ͱ
   ϧʔϓॲཧ΋୲͍ͬͯΔɻ
   ҎԼͷϝοηʔδʹԠ౴͢
   Δɻ
   :turn_on
   :turn_off
   :start_blinking
   :stop_blinking
   LEDͷૢ࡞Λఏڙ͢Δϓϩη
   εɻҎԼͷϝοηʔδʹԠ౴
   ͢Δɻ
   :turn_on
   :turn_off
   8
   Message
   

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9. - 1. ΫϥΠΞϯτϓϩηε͔ΒϝοηʔδΛड͚औΓɺ2. ͳΜΒ͔ͷॲཧΛ͠
   ͯɺ3. ݁ՌΛฦ͢ͱ͍͏ʮαʔόʔϓϩηεͷ͋Δ͋ΔύλʔϯʯΛఆٛ
   - αʔόʔϓϩηε͸εςʔτϑϧͰ͋Δʢ಺෦ঢ়ଶΛ͍࣋ͬͯΔʣ
   - ۩ମతʹ͸ɺJavaͰ͍͏InterfaceͷΑ͏ͳ࢓૊ΈͰ͋ΔBehaviourʹΑ࣮ͬͯݱ
   ͍ͯ͠Δ
   - ΫϥΠΞϯτ͔Βͷಉظɾඇಉظݺͼग़͠ͷͲͪΒʹ΋ରԠ͍ͯ͠Δ
   - Supervisorͷ؂ࢹԼʹஔ͘ͱɺαʔόʔϓϩηε͕ࢮΜͰ΋ࣗಈతʹ࠶ىಈ͞Ε
   ΔΑ͏ʹͰ͖Δ
   GenServer
   9
   

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10. - ͲͪΒ΋GenServerΛ༻͍࣮ͯ૷͞Εͨϓϩηε
    - Workerϓϩηε
    - ֎෦ϓϩηεʢREPL΍Web APIͳͲʣ͔Βͷɺϋʔυ΢ΣΞʢ͜͜Ͱ͸LEDʣͷૢ࡞Λ
    ґཔ͢ΔϦΫΤετΛड͚෇͚Δ
    - LEDΛνΧνΧͤ͞ΔͨΊͷϧʔϓॲཧ΋୲͏ʢվળͷ༨஍͋Γ※ʣ
    - Ledϓϩηε
    - Workerϓϩηε͔ΒΈΔͱαʔόʔϓϩηεʹ͋ͨΔ
    - ϋʔυ΢ΣΞ΁ͷૢ࡞Λ୲͏ɻ۩ମతʹ͸ɺRaspberry PiͷGPIOܦ༝ͰLEDΛૢ࡞͢Δ
    WorkerͱLed
    ※ ʮ͸͡ΊͯNerves(6) GPIOೖྗͷΤοδΛ࢖ͬͯΠϕϯτυϦϒϯͳϘλνΧΛ͢Δʯࢀরɻ
    10
    

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11. ElixirͷREPLʢIExʣ͔ΒLνΧ͢Δ
    start_blinkingͰLνΧ։
    ࢝
    stop_blinkingͰLνΧऴྃ
    ʢ໨͕௧͘ͳΔͷͰ……ʣ
    νΧνΧ͍ͯ͠Δʂ
    11
    

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12. ίʔυ͸ kentaro/nerves_webchika Ͱʂ
    12
    

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13. - ࣍͸ɺWebʢAPIʣܦ༝ͰLνΧ=ʮ΢ΣϒνΧʯʢ※ʣ͍ͨ͠
    - Web APIͷ࣮૷͸ɺElixirͷσϑΝΫτελϯμʔυͳWAFͰ͋Δ
    PhoenixΛ༻͍Δ
    - ࣮૷ʹࡍͯ͠͸ɺطʹݟͨLνΧΛߏ੒͢Δϓϩηε܈΁ͷϝοηʔδ
    ύογϯά͚ͩͰ࣮ݱ͢Δ
    - ͭ·ΓɺWeb APIଆͰϋʔυ΢ΣΞͷૢ࡞Λ୲͏࣮૷ʹґଘ͠ͳ͍Α͏
    ʹ͢Δ
    Web͔ΒLνΧʢ΢ΣϒνΧʣ͍ͨ͠
    ※ ʮElixir_Nervesೖ໳ʂݎ࿚ͳIoT EdgeσόΠεϓϩάϥϛϯάΛ͓खܰʹʙNervesͰͭ͘Δ΢ΣϒνΧʙʯ͕ൃ঵ʁ
    13
    

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14. ΢ΣϒνΧͷॲཧΛߏ੒͢Δϓϩηε܈
    Supervisor
    Worker
    Led
    supervise
    HTTP௨৴
    ϝοηʔδૹ৴
    14
    Ϣʔβ͔ΒͷWebܦ༝Ͱ
    ͷૢ࡞ϦΫΤετΛड͚
    ෇͚ΔAPIΛఏڙ
    Web API
    

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15. Web APIͷίʔυ͸ʢ࣮࣭ʣ͜Ε͚ͩ
    nerves.local/led/...
    - start_blinking
    - stop_blinking
    - turn_on
    - turn_off
    WorkerʹϝοηʔδΛૹΔ
    15
    

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16. ίʔυ͸ kentaro/nerves_webchika Ͱʂ
    16
    

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17. - ϑΝʔϜ΢ΣΞͷىಈ࣌ʹࣗಈͰLνΧ΋࢝·ΔΑ͏ʹ͠ͳ͔ͬͨͷ͸ɺ։ൃ࣌ʹ໨͕
    νΧνΧ௧͘ͳΔ͔Β
    - WorkerɺLed౳ͷϓϩηε͸ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯىಈ࣌ʹࣗಈతʹىಈ
    - ৄ͘͠͸ίʔυΛࢀরͷ͜ͱ
    - ࠓճ͸1୆ͷRaspberry Pi্ͰɺWeb APIΛؚΉશͯͷϓϩηεΛ࣮ߦ͕ͨ͠ɺෳ਺୆ʹ
    ΋༰қʹεέʔϧΞ΢τͰ͖Δʢ※ʣ
    - ܭࢉϦιʔεΛେྔʹফඅͨ͠ΓɺI/Oͷ਺͕ଟ͔ͬͨΓ͢ΔΑ͏ͳσόΠεΛ࡞Δ৔߹ʹศ
    ར
    - ͞ΒʹϝοηʔδΛPub/SubͰ΍ΓͱΓ͢ΔͱΑΓૄ݁߹ʹͳ͍͍ͬͯײ͡
    ิ଍ͱٞ࿦
    ※ ۩ମతʹ͸ʮ͸͡ΊͯNerves(8) ୯ҰϗετͰಈ͘γεςϜΛෳ਺ϗετʹ෼ࢄ͢ΔʯΛࢀরͷ͜ͱ
    17
    

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18. ෳ਺୆ͷ෺ཧϊʔυʹ֦ு͞Εͨϓϩηε܈
    Supervisor
    Worker
    Led
    supervise
    Ϣʔβ͔ΒͷWebܦ༝Ͱ
    ͷૢ࡞ϦΫΤετΛड͚
    ෇͚ΔAPIΛఏڙ
    Web API
    HTTP௨৴
    ϝοηʔδૹ৴
    18
    ϊʔυ 1
    ϊʔυ 2
    

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19. - NervesΛ༻͍ͯRaspberry PiͰLEDΛνΧνΧͤͨ͞ʢLνΧʣ
    - ElixirͷGenServerͱ͍͏࢓૊ΈΛ࢖֦ͬͯுՄೳͳઃܭΛͨ͠
    - PhoenixΛ༻͍ͯWeb APIܦ༝ͰLEDΛνΧνΧͤͨ͞ʢ΢ΣϒνΧʣ
    - ΢ΣϒνΧΛෳ਺σόΠεؒͷ௨৴ʹΑ࣮ͬͯݱ͢Δల๬Λड़΂ͨ
    ElixirͱNervesͰIoTσόΠεΛ࡞Δͷ͸ϚδͰେ͖ͳՄೳੑΛײ͡Δɻ
    ·ͱΊ
    19
    

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