The quickest way to stable API in Laravel

THE QUICKEST WAY TO
STABLE API
USING LARAVEL FRAMEWORK
Presented by /
Milan Popović @komita1981

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ME
PHP developer
Work for Navus Consulting Gmbh
I like to learn and share knowledge
Active member of PHP Srbija

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Why Laravel?
Enables rapid development
Stable and well tested
Community support
Documentation
Learning resources
Easy to recruit developers
LTS

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Why Laravel for quick API development?
DB Migration
DB seeding
Model factory
Form request
Testing
3rd Party Packages

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DB MIGRATION
Version control for you DB schema
Laravel Schema facade provides database agnostic support
for creating and manipulating tables
/
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e

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DB SEED
Sample/Test data for your DB
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MODEL FACTORY
Default model attributes
Uses Faker for generating values
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(
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)
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]
;
}
)
;

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Multiple Factory Types - multiple factories for the same
Eloquent model class
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> t
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)
;
}
)
;

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Attach relationships
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>
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;
}
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;
}
)
;

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Using factories
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, 3
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;
/
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c
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(
)
;

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FORM REQUESTS
Special class for validating request params and authorizing
Each class has rules() (returns array) and authorize() (returns
boolean) methods
Type Hinting in Controller methods

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p
u
b
l
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c f
u
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c
t
i
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s
(
)
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]
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}
p
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TESTING
PHPUnit is included out of the box
Laravel is built with testing in mind
It's also ships with convenient helper methods
Uses Mockery as mock object framework

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WORKING WITH DATABASE
Using Migrations - DatabaseMigrations trait
DatabaseTransactions - DatabaseTransactions trait
Model Factories

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WORKING WITH DATABASE
SeeInDatabase helper
seeInDatabase($table, array $data, $connection = null)
NotSeeInDatabase helper
notSeeInDatabase($table, array $data, $connection = null)
Seed (seed($class = 'DatabaseSeeder')

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CREATING HTTP REQUEST
/
/ M
a
i
n m
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t
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o
d
p
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c f
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(
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, $
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, $
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s = [
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/
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;

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PHPUNIT ASSERTIONS FOR STATUS
CODE AND HEADERS
assertResponseOk()
assertResponseStatus($code)
seeStatusCode($status)
seeHeader($headerName, $value)

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PHPUNIT ASSERTIONS FOR JSON
seeJsonEquals($data)
seeJsonStructure($structure, $responseData)
seeJsonContains($data, $negate)
seeJsonSubset($data)

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PACKAGES & TOOLS
Dingo API
Dredd
Repositories
CORS

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DINGO API
"
r
e
q
u
i
r
e
"
: {
"
d
i
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g
o
/
a
p
i
"
: "
1
.
0
.
*
@
d
e
v
"
}
Provides set of tools to easily and quickly build your own API
Requires Laravel 5.1+ or Lumen 5.1+ and PHP 5.5.9+

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CONFIGURATION
Much of the package comes preconfigured
Use your .env file to configure most of the package
Finer tuning of the package will require publishing the
configuration file

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Configure:
Name
Default Version
Authentication Provider
Throttling / Rate Limiting (Disabled by default)
Response Transformer (Fractal is the default)
Response Format (JSON and a JSON response format is
registered by default)
Error Format

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CREATING API ENDPOINTS
/
/ T
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o
n
t
r
o
l
}
)
;

View Slide

RESPONSES
There's a number of diﬀerent ways to return responses
Use Response Builder
Provides a fluent interface to easily build a more
customizable response
Generally used in conjunction with transformers.
Use the Dingo\Api\Routing\Helpers trait

View Slide

u
s
e D
i
n
g
o
\
A
p
i
\
R
o
u
t
i
n
g
\
H
e
l
p
e
r
s
;
u
s
e I
l
l
u
m
i
n
a
t
e
\
R
o
u
t
i
n
g
\
C
o
n
t
r
o
l
l
e
r
;
c
l
a
s
s A
p
i
C
o
n
t
r
o
l
l
e
r e
x
t
e
n
d
s C
o
n
t
r
o
l
l
e
r
{
u
s
e H
e
l
p
e
r
s
;
}

View Slide

RESPONDING WITH AN ARRAY
p
u
b
l
i
c f
u
n
c
t
i
o
n s
h
o
w
(
$
i
d
)
{
$
b
l
o
c
k = $
t
h
i
s
-
>
b
l
o
c
k
-
>
f
i
n
d
(
$
i
d
)
;
r
e
t
u
r
n $
t
h
i
s
-
>
r
e
s
p
o
n
s
e
-
>
a
r
r
a
y
(
$
b
l
o
c
k
-
>
t
o
A
r
r
a
y
(
)
)
;
}

View Slide

RESPONDING WITH A SINGLE ITEM
p
u
b
l
i
c f
u
n
c
t
i
o
n s
h
o
w
(
$
i
d
)
{
$
b
l
o
c
k = $
t
h
i
s
-
>
b
l
o
c
k
-
>
f
i
n
d
(
$
i
d
)
;
r
e
t
u
r
n $
t
h
i
s
-
>
r
e
s
p
o
n
s
e
-
>
i
t
e
m
(
$
b
l
o
c
k
, n
e
w B
l
o
c
k
T
r
a
n
s
f
o
r
m
e
r
)
;
}

View Slide

RESPONDING WITH A COLLECTION OF ITEMS
p
u
b
l
i
c f
u
n
c
t
i
o
n s
h
o
w
(
$
i
d
)
{
$
b
l
o
c
k
s = $
t
h
i
s
-
>
b
l
o
c
k
-
>
f
i
n
d
(
$
i
d
)
;
r
e
t
u
r
n $
t
h
i
s
-
>
r
e
s
p
o
n
s
e
-
>
c
o
l
l
e
c
t
i
o
n
(
$
b
l
o
c
k
s
, n
e
w B
l
o
c
k
T
r
a
n
s
f
o
r
m
e
r
)
;
}

View Slide

RESPONDING WITH PAGINATED ITEMS
p
u
b
l
i
c f
u
n
c
t
i
o
n s
h
o
w
(
$
i
d
)
{
$
b
l
o
c
k
s = $
t
h
i
s
-
>
b
l
o
c
k
-
>
f
i
n
d
(
$
i
d
)
;
r
e
t
u
r
n $
t
h
i
s
-
>
r
e
s
p
o
n
s
e
-
>
p
a
g
i
n
a
t
i
o
n
(
$
b
l
o
c
k
s
, n
e
w B
l
o
c
k
T
r
a
n
s
f
o
r
m
e
r
)
;
}

View Slide

OTHER RESPONSES
/
/ R
e
s
p
o
n
d
i
n
g W
i
t
h N
o C
o
n
t
e
n
t
r
e
t
u
r
n $
t
h
i
s
-
>
r
e
s
p
o
n
s
e
-
>
n
o
C
o
n
t
e
n
t
(
)
;
/
/ R
e
s
p
o
n
d
i
n
g W
i
t
h C
r
e
a
t
e
d R
e
s
p
o
n
s
e
r
e
t
u
r
n $
t
h
i
s
-
>
r
e
s
p
o
n
s
e
-
>
c
r
e
a
t
e
d
(
)
;
/
/ A g
e
n
e
r
i
c e
r
r
o
r w
i
t
h c
u
s
t
o
m m
e
s
s
a
g
e a
n
d s
t
a
t
u
s c
o
d
e
.
r
e
t
u
r
n $
t
h
i
s
-
>
r
e
s
p
o
n
s
e
-
>
e
r
r
o
r
(
'
T
h
i
s i
s a
n e
r
r
o
r
.
'
, 4
0
4
)
;
/
/ A n
o
t f
o
u
n
d e
r
r
o
r w
i
t
h a
n o
p
t
i
o
n
a
l m
e
s
s
a
g
e a
s t
h
e f
i
r
s
t p
a
r
a
m
e
t
e
r
.
r
e
t
u
r
n $
t
h
i
s
-
>
r
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s
p
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n
s
e
-
>
e
r
r
o
r
N
o
t
F
o
u
n
d
(
)
;
/
/ T
h
e
r
e a
r
e a
l
s
o e
r
r
o
r
B
a
d
R
e
q
u
e
s
t
, e
r
r
o
r
F
o
r
b
i
d
d
e
n
, e
r
r
o
r
I
n
t
e
r
n
a
l
, e
r
r
o
r
U
n
a
u
t
h

View Slide

Adding Additional Headers
r
e
t
u
r
n $
t
h
i
s
-
>
r
e
s
p
o
n
s
e
-
>
i
t
e
m
(
$
u
s
e
r
, n
e
w U
s
e
r
T
r
a
n
s
f
o
r
m
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r
)
-
>
w
i
t
h
H
e
a
d
e
r
(
'
X
-
F
o
o
'
Adding Meta Data
r
e
t
u
r
n $
t
h
i
s
-
>
r
e
s
p
o
n
s
e
-
>
i
t
e
m
(
$
u
s
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r
, n
e
w U
s
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r
T
r
a
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s
f
o
r
m
e
r
)
-
>
a
d
d
M
e
t
a
(
'
f
o
o
'
/
/ s
e
t a
n a
r
r
a
y o
f m
e
t
a d
a
t
a i
n
s
t
e
a
d o
f c
h
a
i
n
i
n
g m
u
l
t
i
p
l
e m
e
t
h
o
d c
a
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l
s
r
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t
u
r
n $
t
h
i
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-
>
r
e
s
p
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n
s
e
-
>
i
t
e
m
(
$
u
s
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r
, n
e
w U
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r
T
r
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s
f
o
r
m
e
r
)
-
>
s
e
t
M
e
t
a
(
$
m
e
t
a
Setting Response Status Code
r
e
t
u
r
n $
t
h
i
s
-
>
r
e
s
p
o
n
s
e
-
>
i
t
e
m
(
$
u
s
e
r
, n
e
w U
s
e
r
T
r
a
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s
f
o
r
m
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r
)
-
>
s
e
t
S
t
a
t
u
s
C
o
d
e

View Slide

TRANSFORMERS
Easily and consistently transform objects into an array
Type-cast integers and booleans, include pagination results,
and nest relationships
Fractal is the default transformation layer used by Dingo

View Slide

p
u
b
l
i
c f
u
n
c
t
i
o
n _
_
c
o
n
s
t
r
u
c
t
(
)
{
$
t
h
i
s
-
>
a
v
a
i
l
a
b
l
e
I
n
c
l
u
d
e
s = [
'
p
r
e
s
e
n
t
a
t
i
o
n
s
'
,
'
b
l
o
c
k
_
s
e
t
t
i
n
g
s
'
,
]
;
$
t
h
i
s
-
>
d
e
f
a
u
l
t
I
n
c
l
u
d
e
s = [
'
b
l
o
c
k
_
s
e
t
t
i
n
g
s
'
,
]
;
}
p
u
b
l
i
c f
u
n
c
t
i
o
n t
r
a
n
s
f
o
r
m
(
B
l
o
c
k $
b
l
o
c
k
)
{
r
e
t
u
r
n [
'
i
d
' =
> (
i
n
t
)
$
b
l
o
c
k
-
>
i
d
,
'
n
a
m
e
' =
> $
b
l
o
c
k
-
>
n
a
m
e
,

View Slide

View Slide

FORM REQUEST END ERROR RESPONSES
Extend the base API form request class
Implement your own class
Dingo\Api\Exception\ValidationHttpException should be
thrown

View Slide

AUTHENTICATION
HTTP Basic (Dingo\Api\Auth\Provider\Basic)
JSON Web Tokens (Dingo\Api\Auth\Provider\JWT)
OAuth 2.0 (Dingo\Api\Auth\Provider\OAuth2)
Custom Authentication Providers

View Slide

DOCUMENTATION
API Blueprint Documentation
Annotate API controllers
Generate documentation using the Artisan command
But...

View Slide

DREDD — HTTP API TESTING FRAMEWORK

View Slide

“ Dredd is a language-agnostic command-line tool for
validating API documentation written in API Blueprint format
against its backend implementation. ”
Dredd reads your API description
Validates whether API replies with expected responses
Continuous Integration Support
Hooks — a glue code for each test setup and teardown
Use of Gavel.js library
Do not install dredd manually on Homestead - use a er.sh

View Slide

HEADERS EXPECTATIONS
All headers given in example must be present in the
response
Only values of headers significant for content negotiation
are validated
All other headers values can diﬀer

View Slide

BODY EXPECTATIONS
All JSON keys on any level given in the example must be
present in the response JSON
Response JSON values must be of the same JSON
primitive type
All JSON values can diﬀer
Arrays can have additional items, type or structure is not
validated.
Plain text must match perfectly

View Slide

PHP Dredd hook handler
Provides a bridge between the Dredd API Testing Framework
and PHP environment
"
r
e
q
u
i
r
e
-
d
e
v
"
: {
"
d
d
e
l
n
a
n
o
/
d
r
e
d
d
-
h
o
o
k
s
-
p
h
p
"
: "
~
1
.
0
.
0
"
,
}

View Slide

HOOKS USAGE
Loading db fixtures
Cleanup a er test step or steps
Handling authentication and sessions
Passing data between transactions (saving state from
responses to stash)
Modifying request generated from blueprint
Changing generated expectations
Setting custom expectations
Debugging via logging stuﬀ

View Slide

HOOKS TYPE
beforeEach
a erEach
beforeAll
a erAll
before
a er
beforeEachValidationHooks
a erEachValidationHooks

View Slide

r
e
q
u
i
r
e _
_
D
I
R
_
_ . '
/
.
.
/
.
.
/
.
.
/
v
e
n
d
o
r
/
a
u
t
o
l
o
a
d
.
p
h
p
'
;
$
a
p
p = r
e
q
u
i
r
e _
_
D
I
R
_
_ . '
/
.
.
/
.
.
/
.
.
/
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o
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s
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r
a
p
/
a
p
p
.
p
h
p
'
;
$
a
p
p
-
>
m
a
k
e
(
\
I
l
l
u
m
i
n
a
t
e
\
C
o
n
t
r
a
c
t
s
\
C
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\
K
e
r
n
e
l
:
:
c
l
a
s
s
)
-
>
b
o
o
t
s
t
r
a
p
(
)
;
A
r
t
i
s
a
n
:
:
c
a
l
l
(
'
m
i
g
r
a
t
e
'
)
;
$
u
s
e
r = f
a
c
t
o
r
y
(
\
E
m
a
t
e
r
i
a
l
s
\
A
p
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s
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:
:
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l
a
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s
)
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>
c
r
e
a
t
e
(
[
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m
a
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> '
k
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n
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r
@
e
x
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m
p
l
e
.
d
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'
]
)
;
H
o
o
k
s
:
:
b
e
f
o
r
e
E
a
c
h
(
f
u
n
c
t
i
o
n (
&
$
t
r
a
n
s
a
c
t
i
o
n
) u
s
e (
$
a
p
p
) {
$
a
p
p
-
>
m
a
k
e
(
'
d
b
'
)
-
>
b
e
g
i
n
T
r
a
n
s
a
c
t
i
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n
(
)
;
}
)
;
H
o
o
k
s
:
:
a
f
t
e
r
E
a
c
h
(
f
u
n
c
t
i
o
n (
&
$
t
r
a
n
s
a
c
t
i
o
n
) u
s
e (
$
a
p
p
) {

View Slide

RUN DREDD
d
r
e
d
d d
o
c
u
m
e
n
t
a
t
i
o
n
.
a
p
i
b
h
t
t
p
:
/
/
l
o
c
a
l
h
o
s
t
:
8
0
0
1
-
-
s
e
r
v
e
r "
p
h
p -
S 0
.
0
.
0
.
0
:
8
0
0
1 -
t p
u
b
l
i
c
/
"
-
-
l
a
n
g
u
a
g
e v
e
n
d
o
r
/
b
i
n
/
d
r
e
d
d
-
h
o
o
k
s
-
p
h
p
-
-
h
o
o
k
f
i
l
e
s t
e
s
t
s
/
d
r
e
d
d
/
h
o
o
k
s
/
h
o
o
k
f
i
l
e
.
p
h
p

View Slide

REPOSITORIES
"
r
e
q
u
i
r
e
"
: {
"
b
o
s
n
a
d
e
v
/
r
e
p
o
s
i
t
o
r
i
e
s
"
: "
0
.
*
"
}
Container where data access logic is stored
Hides the details of data access logic from business logic

View Slide

i
n
t
e
r
f
a
c
e R
e
p
o
s
i
t
o
r
y
I
n
t
e
r
f
a
c
e
{
p
u
b
l
i
c f
u
n
c
t
i
o
n a
l
l
(
$
c
o
l
u
m
n
s = a
r
r
a
y
(
'
*
'
)
)
;
p
u
b
l
i
c f
u
n
c
t
i
o
n p
a
g
i
n
a
t
e
(
$
p
e
r
P
a
g
e = 1
5
, $
c
o
l
u
m
n
s = a
r
r
a
y
(
'
*
'
)
)
;
p
u
b
l
i
c f
u
n
c
t
i
o
n c
r
e
a
t
e
(
a
r
r
a
y $
d
a
t
a
)
;
p
u
b
l
i
c f
u
n
c
t
i
o
n u
p
d
a
t
e
(
a
r
r
a
y $
d
a
t
a
, $
i
d
)
;
p
u
b
l
i
c f
u
n
c
t
i
o
n d
e
l
e
t
e
(
$
i
d
)
;
p
u
b
l
i
c f
u
n
c
t
i
o
n f
i
n
d
(
$
i
d
, $
c
o
l
u
m
n
s = a
r
r
a
y
(
'
*
'
)
)
;
p
u
b
l
i
c f
u
n
c
t
i
o
n f
i
n
d
B
y
(
$
f
i
e
l
d
, $
v
a
l
u
e
, $
c
o
l
u
m
n
s = a
r
r
a
y
(
'
*
'
)
)
;
}

View Slide

u
s
e A
p
p
\
R
e
p
o
s
i
t
o
r
i
e
s
\
F
i
l
m
R
e
p
o
s
i
t
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View Slide

Basic actions are just enough for simple querying
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View Slide

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View Slide

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View Slide

CORS (CROSS-ORIGIN RESOURCE
SHARING)
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Allows you to send CORS headers with ACL-style per-url
configuration.
Supports Laravel & Lumen

View Slide

RESOURCES
-
-
-
Laravel documentation
Why choose Laravel
Using Repository

View Slide

The quickest way to stable API in Laravel

The quickest way to stable API in Laravel

Milan Popović

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