ビヨンドブロックチェーン応用 / Beyond Blockchain Advanced

2023年8月9日(水)、ブロックチェーンハブ主催のブロックチェーンアカデミーにて使用したスライドです。

Transcript

1. Chief Science Officer / ks91@blockchainhub.co.jp — — 2023-08-09 – p.1/32
2. https://speakerdeck.com/ks91 — — 2023-08-09 – p.2/32
3. ( ) SFC ( ) CSO (Chief Science Officer) 1993 ( ) 2006 ( ) SFC 22 P2P (Peer-to-Peer) 2011 ( ) 2018 2019 VR 2021.9 & VR 2022.3 2023 AI VR&RPG 2023.5 “Don’t Be So Serious” VOXEL 2023.7 DAZE 2023 → ( ) — — 2023-08-09 – p.3/32
4. BBc-1 — — 2023-08-09 – p.4/32
5. — — 2023-08-09 – p.5/32
6. ( ) ( ) (1) (2) (3) (4) ( ) ⇒ — — 2023-08-09 – p.6/32
7. ( ) (by ) (since 1984) ( { | } ) ( ) . . . ( ) ⇒ state machine replication — — 2023-08-09 – p.7/32
8. ( ) (n > 3f vs. ) SMRP (State Machine Replication Problem) SMRP-1 ( ) SMRP-2 : = ( ) — — 2023-08-09 – p.8/32
9. ( ) ( ( )) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) → 30 BBc-1/BBc-2 ( ; ) ( ) — — 2023-08-09 – p.9/32
10. ( ) ( ) ( ) ({ | } ) ( ) ( ) (by ) — — 2023-08-09 – p.10/32
11. ( ) (1) = ( , , , ) ≈ (2) (1) (3) (1) ( ) ⇒ ( ) ( ) ⇒ · / (dependable ) — — 2023-08-09 – p.11/32
12. — — 2023-08-09 – p.12/32
13. ( ) : etc. ( ) 1 10 ( ) 10 /100 ( ) → ( ) — — 2023-08-09 – p.13/32
14. ( : ) (GitHub OK ( D.C.)) ( : ) ( ) · Ethereum ( ) ( ) ( ) P2P Ethereum ( ) — — 2023-08-09 – p.14/32
15. 1 2 ( ) — — 2023-08-09 – p.15/32
16. ⇒ — — 2023-08-09 – p.16/32
17. : ( KVS DHT) — — 2023-08-09 – p.17/32
18. 1 1 16 — — 2023-08-09 – p.18/32
19. 1 ( ) จॻ  จॻ  จॻ  จॻ  จॻ O ཌ೔ͷ׭ใ μΠδΣετ μΠδΣετ μΠδΣετ μΠδΣετ μΠδΣετ μΠδΣετ μΠδΣετ ح਺ͷ৔߹͸ ෳ੡͢Δ ˞
    μΠδΣετ͸ݩͷ ɹ
    σʔλ͕
     ϏοτͰ΋ ɹ
    ҟͳΔͱશ͘ҟͳΔ஋ ɹ
    ͱͳΓɺ·ͨɺμΠδΣ ɹ
    ετ͔ΒݩͷσʔλΛ ɹ
    ਪଌ͢Δ͜ͱ͸Ͱ͖ͳ͍ɻ ɾจॻ 
    Λ։ࣔ͞Εͨ " ࢯ͸ɺಉ࣌ʹϒϧʔͰࣔ͞ΕΔμΠδΣετͱͦΕ͕ࠨӈͷͲͪΒʹҐஔ͢Δ͔Λड͚औΔɻ ɾ" ࢯ͸จॻ  ͷμΠδΣετ͔Β࢝Ίͯɺ࿈݁͢΂͖Ұ࿈ͷμΠδΣετΛ஌Δ͜ͱʹͳΔͷͰɺϚʔΫϧϧʔτʹࢸΔ·Ͱͷ ɹܭࢉΛ࠶ݱͰ͖ɺಘΒΕͨϚʔΫϧϧʔτ͕จॻͷ࡞੒೔ͷཌ೔ͷ׭ใʹهࡌ͞Ε͍ͯΔ஋ͱҰக͢Δ͜ͱΛ֬ೝͰ͖Δɻ هࡌ͢Δ ੥ٻʹج͖ͮ ։ࣔ͞Ε͏Δ ৘ใ ެ։͞ΕΔ৘ใ ϚʔΫϧϧʔτ Ϛ ồ Ϋ ϧ ໦
    ߦ ੓ ͕ อ ؅ ͠ ෦ ෼ త ʹ ։ ࣔ ͢ Δ ʜʜ ʜʜ ʜʜ ʜʜ ʜʜ μΠδΣετ μΠδΣετ μΠδΣετ μΠδΣετ μΠδΣετ μΠδΣετ — — 2023-08-09 – p.19/32
20. 2 ( 1 ) ( ) ( 1 ) — — 2023-08-09 – p.20/32
21. 2 ( ) จॻ ηΫγϣϯ ෆ։ࣔηΫγϣϯ ෆ։ࣔηΫγϣϯ ηΫγϣϯ ෆ ։ ࣔ จ ࣈ ྻ ܈ จॻͷ μΠδΣετ ࿈݁ޙʹܭࢉ μΠδΣετ μΠδΣετ μΠδΣετ μΠδΣετ ཚ਺ ཚ਺ ཚ਺ ཚ਺ μΠδΣετ μΠδΣετ μΠδΣετ μΠδΣετ μΠδΣετ ɾจॻΛ જࡏతʹ ෆ։ࣔͳ෦෼ͱແ৚݅ʹ։ࣔͰ͖Δ෦෼ʹηΫγϣϯΛ෼͚ͯอ؅͢Δɻ ɾݸਓ໊ͳͲɺෆ։ࣔͳจࣈྻʹ͍ͭͯ͸ຊจதʹ͸ஔ׵༻จࣈྻ ʮʯͳͲ
    Ͱهड़͠ɺ ɹ·ͱΊͯจॻσʔλͷ຤ඌ౳ʹ
    ਪଌΛࠔ೉ʹ͢ΔͨΊɺ֤ʑɺཚ਺ͱϖΞʹͯ͠
    อ؅͢Δɻ ɾෆ։ࣔ෦෼ʹ͍ͭͯ͸μΠδΣετͷΈ͕։ࣔ͞ΕΔ
    ϒϧʔͰࣔ͞ΕΔ෦෼Λ։ࣔ ɻ — — 2023-08-09 – p.21/32
22. 3 ( ) (SMRP-2) — — 2023-08-09 – p.22/32
23. 2 SFC : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icte.2021.08.012 (SMRP-2) (SMRP-2 ) ( ) — — 2023-08-09 – p.23/32
24. digital signature digital signature digest evidence digest digest public key * For stream data, most of the time the witness section is omitted and the evidence is not sent to the blockchain service, unless it is a check point, which is periodically inserted. * There can be multiple <random number, search key> pairs, and data body can produce multiple digests for each section within. algorithm public key algorithm search key readout sporadic data example final digest of readout stream data example sensor/actuator signs identifies sensor/actuator sensory data data body a-past digest previous digest location sensory data time random number K.Saito, et. al., “Proof of authenticity of general IoT information with sensors and blockchain”, Flash Memory Summit 2022 — — 2023-08-09 – p.24/32
25. witness check point readout general readout evidence blockchain service witness * Each data stores the a-past digest, where a = 3 in this case, as well as the previous digest. * This tolerates up to a - 1 consecutive data losses. * If a check point or all it points are lost, we just have to wait for another check point to have recent data verifiable. * To verify authenticity of a readout in a stream: 1) Find the nearest check point that reaches the readout in question in the directed acyclic graph. 2) Verify the evidence of the check point. data data data data data digests This is a straightforward application of a technique introduced in [Golle and Modadugu, 2001]. K.Saito, et. al., “Proof of authenticity of general IoT information with sensors and blockchain”, Flash Memory Summit 2022 — — 2023-08-09 – p.25/32
26. et al., — , bit Vol.32, No.11 (2000) ( ) ( ) BBc-1/BBc-2 ( ) ( ) ( ) — — 2023-08-09 – p.26/32
27. Beyond Blockchain One (BBc-1) Core version 1.5.1 (py-bbclib version 1.6.1) — — 2023-08-09 – p.27/32
28. BBc-1 ( ) #JUDPJO ##D
    $PSF ϨοδϟʔαϒγεςϜ ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯ ͦ ͷ ଞ ͞ · ͟ · ͳ Ξ ϓ Ϧ ͷ Մ ೳ ੑ ڞ௨ϥΠϒϥϦ ##D ։ൃ߲໨ ஍ Ҭ ௨ ՟ Ξ ϓ Ϧ ϙ Π ϯ τ Ξ ϓ Ϧ དྷ ྺ ূ ໌ Ξ ϓ Ϧ ʜ ॳظʹ͓͍ͯଘࡏূ໌Λґଘ ΞϯΧϦϯά ֤ϊʔυʹ͓͚Δه࿥ʹ͸ ֤छσʔλϕʔεΛར༻Մೳ TRMJUF
    
    .Z42-
    
    ͦͷଞ
    %# BBc-1 σδλϧ௨՟ϥΠϒϥϦ ͦͷଞͷϥΠϒϥϦ CCDMJC 1ZUIPO
    (P +4
    FUD Bitcoin Ethereum ( ) ( ) — — 2023-08-09 – p.28/32
29. ( ) ( ) 1 ( ) + ( ) ( ) ( ) SFC MUSCAT ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) BBc-1 — — 2023-08-09 – p.29/32
30. BBc-1 Core 1. UTXO 2. ( ) : 3. — — 2023-08-09 – p.30/32
31. ⇒ BBc-1 ( ) · ( ) ( ) · ( ) ( ) ← — — 2023-08-09 – p.31/32
32. — — 2023-08-09 – p.32/32