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ブロックチェーンとこれからの金融システム / Blockchain and the Futur...
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Kenji Saito
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December 02, 2025
Technology
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ブロックチェーンとこれからの金融システム / Blockchain and the Future of Financial Systems
2025年12月2日(火)、東京大学で開催された近未来金融システム創造プログラム「金融と技術 各論V」で使用したスライドです (録画で喋りました)。
Kenji Saito
PRO
December 02, 2025
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Transcript
generated by Stable Image Ultra ( V) ( ) —
2025-12-02 – p.1/22
( ) ( ) ( ) 1993 ( ) 2006
( ) SFC 25 P2P (Peer-to-Peer) 2011 ( ) 2018 2019 VR 2022.3 2023 AI VR&RPG 2023.5 “Don’t Be So Serious” 2023 2024 AI( ) 2024 AI( ) 2025 (Live and Let Think) 2025 Secret Vision Institute ( ) 2025 GWeeeeeeK !! 2025 SuuuuuuMMeR !! 2026 ( ) → ( ) — 2025-12-02 – p.2/22
. . . ^^; A(G)I — 2025-12-02 – p.3/22
a ( ) (proof of work) (proof of stake) (
) DAO a — — 2025-12-02 – p.4/22
Bitcoin . . . : (i.e. ) ( ) :
: : ⇒ ( ) ← — 2025-12-02 – p.5/22
৽ن ϒϩοΫ ܈ Ճ ίετϨδελʔ͖ ா ਖ਼౷ͳཤྺ ఏҊ͞ΕΔ৽͍͠ཤྺ ίετ େ
͕ ࢀ Ճ ݁Ռ B มߋແ͠ C ه D ॻ͖͑ ɾ৽͍͠ཤྺ͕͜Ε·Ͱͷཤྺʹੵ͞Εͨ ɹίετΛ૿େͤ͞ΔΑ͏ͳͷͰͳ͍ͷ ɹͳΒมߋੜ͡ͳ͍ɻ ɾίετ݁ՌతʹɺωΠςΟϒ҉߸ࢿ࢈ ݐͯͰଌΒΕΔɻ ɾாͷҡ࣋ʹࢀՃ͢Εɺ֬తʹେ͖ͳ ใुΛωΠςΟϒ҉߸ࢿ࢈ͰಘΒΕΔɻ ɾใुΛಘΔͨΊʹίετෛ୲ͰϚδϣϦςΟ ଆʹ͍ͳ͚ΕͳΒͳ͍ɻ — 2025-12-02 – p.6/22
4 ( ) ( ) ( ; ) ( )
— 2025-12-02 – p.7/22
( ) ೖྗ σδλϧͳΒԿͰΑ͍σʔλͷू߹ ແݶ ग़ྗ CJU ͳͲݻఆͷͷू߹ ༗ݶ ग़ྗʮμΠδΣετʯͱݺΕΔ
খ ͞ ͍ ॱ ʹ ฒ Μ Ͱ ͍ Δ ͱ ͠ ͯ খ ͞ ͍ ॱ ʹ ฒ Μ Ͱ ͍ Δ ͱ ͠ ͯ 4)"ͳͲͷؔ 4)"4FDVSF)BTI"MHPSJUIN Ұ༷ʹ ϋογϡؔͷੑ࣭ ภͬͯ Ϛοϐϯάʹ๏ଇੑ͕ແ͍Α͏ʹݟ͑ɺ ˠͷํʹ҆ՁʹܭࢉͰ͖Δ͕ɺ ٯͷํʹܭࢉͰ͖ͳ͍ Ұํੑ ҉߸ֶతϋογϡؔͷੑ࣭ ແݶΛ༗ݶʹϚοϐϯά͢ΔͷͰɺҟͳΔೖྗ͕ ಉ͡ग़ྗ݁ՌʹͳΔ߹͘͝رʹ͋Δ িಥ িಥ ͤ͞Δํ๏ ͕ݟ͔ͭͬͨ҉߸ֶతϋογϡ ؔ҆શͱݟͳ͞Εͳ͍ — 2025-12-02 – p.8/22
( ) ൿີ伴 伴ϖΞ ͋Β͔͡Ί ੜ ൿີʹӅ࣋ͭ͠ ͋Β͔͡Ί͓͍ͯͯ͠Α͍ ॺ໊Λ࡞ͬͨͷެ։伴ʹ ରԠ͢Δൿີ伴Λ͑Δ୭
͔ ͢ͳΘͪॺ໊ऀ ͩ͠ɺ ݩͷσʔλॺ໊ޙCJU มΘͬ ͍ͯͳ͍ ͜ͷΈ͕ਖ਼͘͠ಈ࡞͢ΔͨΊʹɺ ड͚औͬͨެ։伴͕ຊʹॺ໊ऀͷͷ Ͱ͋Δͱ͍͏ԿΒ͔ͷূ໌͕ඞཁ ʲॺ໊ΞϧΰϦζϜʳ ೖྗݩͷσʔλɺ ൿີ伴 ग़ྗॺ໊ ʲॺ໊ݕূΞϧΰϦζϜʳ ೖྗݩͷσʔλɺ ॺ໊ɺ ެ։伴 ग़ྗ0,·ͨ/( ެ։伴 ॺ໊ऀ ॺ໊ ΞϧΰϦζϜ ॺ໊ݕূ ΞϧΰϦζϜ 0, ·ͨ /( Πϯλʔωοτ ݕূऀ ެ ެ։ ։伴 伴 ެ։ ެ։伴 ެ ެ։ ։伴 伴 ݩͷ σʔλ ݩͷ σʔλ ॺ໊ ॺ໊ — 2025-12-02 – p.9/22
ϒϩοΫ O ࣌ؒ ϒϩοΫϔομʔ ͍ΖΜͳใ͕ೖ͍ͬͯΔ ϒϩοΫ O ͷ μΠδΣετ औҾ
σʔλ ެ։伴 ˍॺ໊ औҾ σʔλ ެ։伴 ˍॺ໊ औҾ σʔλ ެ։伴 ˍॺ໊ ʜʜ ϒϩοΫ O ϒϩοΫϔομʔ ͍ΖΜͳใ͕ೖ͍ͬͯΔ ϒϩοΫ O ͷ μΠδΣετ औҾ σʔλ ެ։伴 ˍॺ໊ औҾ σʔλ ެ։伴 ˍॺ໊ औҾ σʔλ ެ։伴 ˍॺ໊ ʜʜ ϒϩοΫͷμΠδΣετ ͦͷϒϩοΫΛҰҙʹࣔ͢ ࣝผࢠͱͯ͠༻͍ΒΕΔ औҾσʔλͷআͰϒϩοΫͷ ༰͕มΘΕɺͦͷμΠδΣετ มΘΔͷͰɺໃ६͕ੜ͡Δ औҾσʔλʹૹ৴ऀͷσδλϧ ॺ໊͕͍͍ͯΔͷͰվ͟Μ ࠔ͕ͩɺऔҾσʔλΛؙ͝ͱ আ͢Δ͜ͱͰ͖Δ ࣍ͷϒϩοΫʹμΠδΣετ͕ ֨ೲ͞Ε͍ͯΔ͜ͱͰɺखલͷ ϒϩοΫͷ༰ϩοΫ͞Εͯ ͍Δͱݴ͑Δ͕ʜ ܨ͕͍ͬͯΔϒϩοΫͷϔομʔ ͷதͷμΠδΣετΛ࣍ʑͱॻ͖ ͍͚͑ͯໃ६ͳ͘վ͟ΜͰ͖ ΔͷͰɺϒϩοΫΛ࡞Δ͜ͱࣗମ ʹେ͖ͳίετΛඞཁʹͯ͠कΔ Proof of Work ( ) : ( ) Proof of Stake ( ) : — 2025-12-02 – p.10/22
( ) > ( ) → ( ) → <
( ) ( ) → ( ) → ⇒ — 2025-12-02 – p.11/22
Bitcoin (∼2025 11 ) 1.1ZH/s (11 H/s) ASIC ( )
0.045TH/J 24,444,444,444.4444W → 24GW ( ) — 2025-12-02 – p.12/22
( ) -12 -9 -7 -5 -3 -1 1 3
5 7 9 11 Time Zone (UTC-relative) Capacity (GW) Bitcoin 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 Solar power by country ( ) 24GW (11 ) Bitcoin 11 Bitcoin 1 4 4.25GW 29 UTC — 2025-12-02 – p.13/22
DAO ෦ࢿຊˢ͋Δ ɹɹɹɹˣͳ͍ தԝʹࣗಈ ɹɹɹɹɹWT ɹɹɹɹɹɹதԝʹਓؒ શͳ "* σʔϞϯ˞ ϑΥʔϥϜ˞
XFC αʔϏε ϩϘοτΛ %"0 %"QQ˞ ݹయత৫ ɹɹɹɹɹपลʹਓؒ ɹɹɹɹWT पลʹࣗಈ ˞%"QQεϚʔτίϯτϥΫτʹΑΔΞϓϦέʔγϣϯ %FDFOUSBMJ[FE"QQ ˞ϑΥʔϥϜਓʑ͕ಛఆͷʹ͍ͭͯٞͨ͠ΓใΛަͨ͠Γ͢Δ ˞σʔϞϯόοΫάϥϯυͰՔಇ͠ ΠϕϯτʹࣗಈతʹରԠ͢ΔϓϩάϥϜ . . . DAO : Decentralized Autonomous Organization ( ) Buterin DAO (2014) ↑ = + — 2025-12-02 – p.14/22
Ձ֨ ྔ ڙڅ धཁ धཁ धཁ . . .
— 2025-12-02 – p.15/22
2026 1 AGI (Artificial General Intelligence) ⇒ — 2025-12-02 –
p.16/22
( ) ⇒ ( ) → ⇒ ( ) (AI
) → — 2025-12-02 – p.17/22
Alexa, ত࣌ ੈلޙ ࣾձγεςϜ ࣾձڥ ػց ٕज़ ਓؒ ࣗಈγεςϜ ྩ࣌
ੈلલ ిؾ͚ͭͯ ͍ ͍ ిؾ͚ͭͯ ͜ͷ݅ͷͱ͖ ٕज़Ͱ͋Γࣾձڥˠࣗવڥ ਓ ⇒ ( ) ⇒ ( ) — 2025-12-02 – p.18/22
Universal Basic Income (UBI) AGI ( ) UBI — 2025-12-02
– p.19/22
2 ࠃʹΑΔ ҆શอো ՟ฎ ࢢ ۀࣾձ ઐੑͷ Խ ࢧ ࣋
ࢧ ࣋ ࢧ࣋ %9 ۚ༥ ൃߦ ೲ੫ ࣗಈԽɾޮԽɾຽओԽ ࣗಈԽɾ ޮԽɾ ຽओԽ ࣗಈԽɾ ޮԽɾ ຽओԽ ઐະԽʂ (1) (2) UBI (1) ⇒ — 2025-12-02 – p.20/22
AI (AGI) UBI — 2025-12-02 – p.21/22
( ) (4 ) ( ) ( ) . .
. — 2025-12-02 – p.22/22