Universal JS Web Applications with React - Luciano Mammino - Codemotion Rome 2017

Since we started to see JS on the server side, the dream of developers has been to reduce the gap and the cost of switch between frontend/backend technologies. Today with Node.js, React and a whole ecosystem of tools, this dream is becoming real! In this talk, I am going to discuss Universal (a.k.a. Isomorphic) JavaScript and present some practical example regarding the significant patterns related to routing, data retrieval and rendering. I will use Node, React, Webpack, Babel and React Router and give you a series of example to get you started easily with this new technology trend.

(interactive slides at http://slides.com/lucianomammino/universal-js-web-applications-with-react-codemotion-rome-2017 )

Transcript

1. Rome 24-25 MARCH 2017 { Universal JS Web Applications with React Luciano Mammino loige.link/codemotion-rome-2017 1
2. WHO IS LUCIANO lmammino loige loige.co 2
3. -20% eBook NJDPEB20 -15% Print NJDPPB15 loige.link/node-book 3
4. fullstackbulletin.com 4
5. AGENDA 1. The term "Universal" JS 2. Who & Why 3. Common problems and technologies 4. Building a frontend only Single Page App 5. Making it universal 5
6. ISOMORPHIC loige.link/universal-js-story UNIVERSAL WHAT? 6
7. NOT ONLY FOR THE WEB... Desktop applications Mobile applications Hardware! 7
8. ADVANTAGES OF UNIVERSAL JAVASCRIPT "JavaScript-only" development Maintainability Better SEO Faster "perceived" load time 8
9. ADVANTAGES... MORE Keep using React/JS paradigms also to generate "static" websites Speed up content loading with linkprefetch loige.link/universal-react-made-easy-talk 9
10. IN THE WILD 10
11. IT LOOKS GREAT BUT... 11
12. MODULE SHARING Use Node.js modules in the browser UMD 12
13. UNIVERSAL RENDERING Render the views of the application from the server (first request) and then in the browser (next requests) 13
14. UNIVERSAL ROUTING Recognise the view associated to the current route from both the server and the browser. 14
15. UNIVERSAL DATA RETRIEVAL Access data (and APIs) from both the server and the browser. AXIOS UNIVERSAL FETCH 15
16. UNIVERSAL STATE MANAGEMENT Manage changes on the state tree both on the server and the client... 16
17. FUTURISTIC/ALTERNATIVE JS?! 17
19. OK... LET'S STOP COMPLAINING AND BUILD SOMETHING! 19
20. WHAT ARE WE GOING TO BUILD? loige.link/judo-heroes-app​ loige.link/judo-heroes-tutorial v 2.0 20
24. curl -sS "https://judo-heroes.herokuapp.com/athlete/teddy-riner" 24
25. WHAT TOOLS ARE WE GOING TO USE? v2 v15.4 v4 v5-alpha 25
26. Dependencies yarn add \ babel-cli@6.18.0 \ babel-core@6.18.2 \ babel-preset-es2015@6.18.0 \ babel-preset-react@6.16.0 \ ejs@2.5.2 \ express@5.0.0-alpha.5 \ react@15.4.2 \ react-dom@15.4.2 \ react-router-dom@4.0.0 \ webpack@2.2.1 26
28. The data set // src/data/athletes.js const athletes = [ { id: 'driulis-gonzalez', name: 'Driulis González', country: { id: 'cu', name: 'Cuba', icon: 'flag-cu.png', }, birth: '1973', image: 'driulis-gonzalez.jpg', cover: 'driulis-gonzalez-cover.jpg', link: 'https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Driulis_González', medals: [ { id: 1, year: '1992', type: 'B', city: 'Barcelona', event: 'Olympic Games', category { id: 2, year: '1993', type: 'B', city: 'Hamilton', event: 'World Championships', cat { id: 3, year: '1995', type: 'G', city: 'Chiba', event: 'World Championships', catego { id: 4, year: '1995', type: 'G', city: 'Mar del Plata', event: 'Pan American Games', { id: 5, year: '1996', type: 'G', city: 'Atlanta', event: 'Olympic Games', category: // ... ], }, // ... ]; export default athletes; 28
29. REACT COMPONENTS 29
30. Layout component 30
31. IndexPage component 31
32. AthletePage component 32
33. NotFoundPage component 33
34. AthletePreview component 34
35. AthletesMenu component 35
36. Flag component 36
37. Medal component 37
38. // src/components/Layout.js import React from 'react'; import { Link } from 'react-router-dom'; export const Layout = props => ( <div className="app-container"> <header> <Link to="/"> <img className="logo" src="/img/logo-judo-heroes.png" /> </Link> </header> <div className="app-content">{props.children}</div> <footer> <p> This is a demo app to showcase <strong>universal Javascript</strong> with <strong>React</strong> and <strong>Express</strong>. </p> </footer> </div> ); export default Layout; 38
39. // src/components/IndexPage.js import React from 'react'; import { AthletePreview } from './AthletePreview'; export const IndexPage = ({ athletes }) => ( <div className="home"> <div className="athletes-selector"> { athletes.map( athleteData => <AthletePreview key={athleteData.id} {...athleteData} /> ) } </div> </div> ); export default IndexPage; 39
40. // src/components/AthletePreview.js import React from 'react'; import { Link } from 'react-router'; export const AthletePreview = (props) => ( <Link to={`/athlete/${props.id}`}> <div className="athlete-preview"> <img src={`img/${props.image}`}/> <h2 className="name">{props.name}</h2> <span className="medals-count"> <img src="/img/medal.png"/> {props.medals.length} </span> </div> </Link> ); export default AthletePreview; 40
41. ROUTING 41
42. 2 ROUTES Index Page: / Athlete Page: /athlete/:id 42
43. // src/components/App.js import React from 'react'; import { Route, Switch } from 'react-router-dom'; import { Layout } from './Layout'; import { IndexPage } from './IndexPage'; import { AthletePage } from './AthletePage'; import { NotFoundPage } from './NotFoundPage'; import athletes from '../data/athletes'; // ... export const App = () => ( <Layout> <Switch> <Route exact path="/" render={renderIndex} /> <Route exact path="/athlete/:id" render={renderAthlete} /> <Route component={NotFoundPage} /> </Switch> </Layout> ); export default App; 43
44. // src/components/App.js // ... const renderIndex = () => <IndexPage athletes={athletes} />; const renderAthlete = ({ match, staticContext }) => { const id = match.params.id; const athlete = athletes.find(current => current.id === id); if (!athlete) { return <NotFoundPage staticContext={staticContext} />; } return <AthletePage athlete={athlete} athletes={athletes} />; }; 44
45. CLIENT APP 45
46. // src/app-client.js import React from 'react'; import { render } from 'react-dom'; import { BrowserRouter as Router } from 'react-router-dom' import { App } from './components/App'; const AppClient = () => ( <Router> <App /> </Router> ); window.onload = () => { render( <AppClient />, document.getElementById('main') ); }; 46
47. HTML TEMPLATE 47
48. // src/views/index.ejs <!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <meta charset="utf-8" /> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> <title> Judo Heroes - A Universal JavaScript demo application with React </title> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/css/style.css"> </head> <body> <div id="main"><%- markup -%></div> <script src="/js/bundle.js"></script> </body> </html> 48
49. BUILD CONFIG (BABEL + WEBPACK) 49
50. .babelrc import path from 'path'; const config = { entry: { js: './src/app-client.js', }, output: { path: path.join(__dirname, 'src', 'static', 'js'), filename: 'bundle.js', }, module: { rules: [ { test: path.join(__dirname, 'src'), use: { loader: 'babel-loader' }, }, ], }, }; .webpack.config.babel.js { "presets": ["react", "es2015"] } 50
51. LET'S BUILD IT! 51
52. // src/server.js import path from 'path'; import { Server } from 'http'; import Express from 'express'; const app = new Express(); const server = new Server(app); // use ejs templates app.set('view engine', 'ejs'); app.set('views', path.join(__dirname, 'views')); // define the folder that will be used for static assets app.use(Express.static(path.join(__dirname, 'static'))); // render the index for every non-matched route app.get('*', (req, res) => { let markup = ''; let status = 200; return res.status(status).render('index', { markup }); }); // start the server const port = process.env.PORT || 3000; const env = process.env.NODE_ENV || 'production'; server.listen(port); "Static" Express server 52
53. READY... LET'S TEST IT 53
54. RECAP What we learned so far 1. Define views combining React components 2. Add routing using React Router 3. Compile the client bundle with Babel and Webpack 4. Run the app with a static Express server 54
55. SERVER SIDE RENDERING AND ROUTING 55
56. Updating the server app // ... import { renderToString } from 'react-dom/server'; import { StaticRouter as Router } from 'react-router-dom'; import { App } from './components/App'; // ... app.get('*', (req, res) => { let markup = ''; let status = 200; const context = {}; markup = renderToString( <Router location={req.url} context={context}> <App /> </Router>, ); // context.url will contain the URL to // redirect to if a <Redirect> was used if (context.url) { return res.redirect(302, context.url); } if (context.is404) { status = 404; } return res.status(status).render('index', { markup }); }); 56
57. THAT'S IT! LET'S TEST AGAIN 57
58. RECAP What we learned so far 1. Create a Single Page Application with React and React Router 2. Add server side routing and rendering using React and React Router libraries in the Express app 58
59. UNIVERSAL DATA RETRIEVAL api-proxy & async-props (COMPLETE CHAPTER in ) UNIVERSAL STATE MANAGEMENT Redux Node.js Design Patterns WHERE DO WE GO from here... Code: loige.link/judo-heroes-2 59
60. THANKS! loige loige.co lmammino (Special thanks to , , Aleksandar Čambas & ) @cirpo @andreaman87 @quasi_modal loige.link/codemotion-rome-2017 60