Fashionably flexible responsive web design (full day workshop from Smashing Conference, September 2012)

Responsive web design has made designing flexible websites fashionable again, but there’’s more to being fashionably flexible than technology or using CSS3 media queries.

So this unique workshop — hosted by Andy Clarke, designer, author and speaker — puts the design back into responsive design. Andy will teach you how to design from the ‘content out’, instead of from the ‘canvas in’.

He’ll demonstrate how to separate design from layout and if you work with designs made in Photoshop, he’ll show how to deconstruct a design into its components (colour, texture and typography) before reassembling it for a fluid continuum of devices from, mobile phones to desktops and everything in between.

Transcript

2. 2 FASHIONABLY FLEXIBLE RESPONSIVE WEB DESIGN
11. John Allsopp, Mark Boulton, Brad Frost, Jeremy Keith, Ethan Marcotte, Brian and Stephanie Rieger, Luke Wroblewski and all the designers and developers whose work I’ve featured. My special thanks to:
12. #stno Twitter, Instagram, Flickr
13. 1 2 3 4 Becoming responsive Responsive design process Responsive design patterns Technically speaking
14. http://goo.gl/eg3Ob Slides http://goo.gl/py55q Resources
15. Your turn What’s the one question you’d most like answered today? And what phone do you carry?
16. 1. What’s Andy’s favourite movie of all time? 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. Questions to answer
17. ONE
18. John Allsopp The%control%which%designers%know%in%the%print%medium,% and%often%desire%in%the%web%medium,%is%simply%a%function%of% the%limitation%of%the%printed%page.%We%should%embrace%the% fact%that%the%web%doesn’t%have%the%same%constraints,%and% design%for%this%>lexibility. http://www.alistapart.com/articles/dao
19. 2000 04 2009 03 “The Dao Of Web Design” (A List Apart) John Allsopp “Fluid Grids” Ethan Marcotte iPhone 2007 01 iPod Touch 2007 07 RESPONSIVE WEB DESIGN TIMELINE
20. 2000 04 2009 03 “The Dao Of Web Design” (A List Apart) John Allsopp “Fluid Grids” Ethan Marcotte “Mo Luke iPhone 2007 01 iPod Touch 2007 07 01 2007
21. 2000 04 2009 03 2009 11 “The Dao Of Web Design” (A List Apart) John Allsopp “Fluid Grids” Ethan Marcotte “Mobile First” Luke Wroblewski iPhone 2007 01 iPod Touch 2007 07 07 2007
22. 2000 04 2009 11 Dao Of Web Design” Apart) John Allsopp “Fluid Grids” Ethan Marcotte “Mobile First” Luke Wroblewski iPhone 2007 01 iPod Touch 2007 07 2009 03 03 2009 iPad 2010 04
23. 2009 03 2009 11 2010 05 “Fluid Grids” Ethan Marcotte “Mobile First” Luke Wroblewski “Responsive Web Desi Ethan Marcotte e iPod Touch 2007 07 11 2009 iPad 2010 04
24. 2009 03 2010 05 luid Grids” an Marcotte “Mobile First” Luke Wroblewski “Responsive Web Design” Ethan Marcotte “One Web Jeremy Kei 2010 12 iPad 2009 11 2009 11 04 2010
25. 009 03 “Mobile First” uke Wroblewski “Responsive Web Design” Ethan Marcotte “One Web” Jeremy Keith “320 a iPad 2010 04 2010 11 2009 11 05 2010 20 0
26. 2010 04 2010 05 “Responsive Web Design” Ethan Marcotte “One Web” Jeremy Keith Responsive W (boo “320 and Up” 2011 04 11 2010 20 0 iPad
27. 010 05 Web Design” Marcotte “One Web” Jeremy Keith “There Is No M Jeremy Responsive Web Design (book) “320 and Up” 2011 04 04 2011 2011 06 2010 11 20 0
28. Web” y Keith “There Is No Mobile Web” Jeremy Keith Responsive Web Design (book) “320 and Up” The Bosto 2011 04 06 2011 010 11 2011 09 20 0
29. “There Is No Mobile Web” Jeremy Keith Responsive Web Design (book) and Up” The Boston Globe 011 04 2011 09 2011 06 09 2011
30. “There Is No Mobile Web” Jeremy Keith Web Design ook) The Boston Globe 2011 09 011 06 09 2011
31. Total annual global shipments of smart phones exceeded those of client PCs (including pads) for the first time in 2011 158.5 million smartphones in Q4 2011 120.2 million PCs in Q4 2011 488 million smartphones 415 million PCs Smartphones overtake PCs 2011 http://www.canalys.com/newsroom/smart-phones-overtake-client-pcs-2011
32. • 102 million people accessed Facebook solely through their mobile device in June 2012 (up 23% from 83m in March) • 55% of Twitter’s traffic comes from mobile devices • In August 2012, 77% of TV viewers used another device at the same time in a typical day. 81% used a smartphone and TV at the same time. SMARTPHONES Source: http://lukew.com/ff/entry.asp?1450 http://lukew.com/ff/entry.asp?1624
33. http://venturebeat.com/2012/01/10/paypals-mobile-payments-4b-2011/ Mobile payments $141M $750M $4B 2009 2010 2011
34. • 400m iOS devices have been sold to date. Was 250m in 2011. • iOS accounts for 54.65% of mobile browsing. Android has 16.26% and RIM 3.29% • 75% of Google’s mobile search comes from iOS devices • 70% of eBay’s mobile e-commerce business in the United States came from iPhone IPHONES Source: http://lukew.com/ff/entry.asp?1415
35. • Amazon now sells more Kindle books than all print books (hardcover and paperback) combined • Amazon customers purchased over 1 million Kindle devices each week of the 2011 Christmas period E-READERS Source: http://lukew.com/ff/entry.asp?1391
36. • The share e-book reader owners in the USA jumped from 10% to 19% between mid-December and early January. • Kindle Fire has become the best-selling, most-gifted and most-wished-for product on Amazon. • Gifting of Kindle books up 175% between this Black Friday and Christmas Day compared to the same period in 2010. • The #1 and #4 best-selling Kindle books released in 2011 were published using Kindle Direct Publishing. KINDLE SALES Source: http://www.lukew.com/ff/entry.asp?1488
37. • 84m iPads have been sold to date • 68% of worldwide tablet marketshare is iPad • 91% of all the web traffic from tablets comes from iPad • Nearly 7 percent of all online purchases were made using iPads • iPad and iPhone shoppers account for 90% of all mobile purchases and spend 19% more per order than Android users TABLETS IPADS
39. Ethan Marcotte Rather%than%tailoring%disconnected%designs%to%each%of%an% everAincreasing%number%of%web%devices,%we%can%treat%them% as%facets%of%the%same%experience.%We%can%design%for%an% optimal%viewing%experience,%but%embed%standardsAbased% technologies%into%our%designs%to%make%them%not%only%more% >lexible,%but%more%adaptive%to%the%media%that%renders%them. http://alistapart.com/articles/responsive-web-design
40. A flexible grid Flexible images and media CSS3 media queries Three responsive ingredients
41. Andy Clarke Anything%that’s%>ixed%and%unresponsive%isn’t%web%design% anymore,%it’s%something%else.%If%you%don’t%embrace%the% inherent%>luidity%of%the%web,%you’re%not%a%web%designer,% you’re%something%else.%Web%design%is%responsive%design.% Responsive%Web%Design%is%web%design,%done%right. http://the-pastry-box-project.net/andy-clarke/2012-january-3/
42. Luke Jones That Andy Clarke (@Malarkey) is such a massive cock. http://www.the-pastry-box-project.net/ – what if a client say “No, don't make it responsive.” https://twitter.com/lukejonesme/status/154142315915640832 @lukejonesme TINY PENIS!
43. Different skills and workflow may be required More time spent at beginning of the process Additional resources may be required Deciding when responsive is appropriate
44. Ben Callahan We%do%responsive%web%design,%but%we%don’t%do%it%for%the% sake%of%being%trendy.%We%do%it%because%we%believe%it’s%the% way%websites%should%be%made.%This%is%an%opportunity%for%us% to%>inally%embrace%the%dynamic%medium%we%build%for.%The% web%is%not%>ixed%width.% http://seesparkbox.com/foundry/you_say_responsive_i_say_adaptive
46. Donald Rumsfeld There%are%known%knowns;%these%are%the%things%that%we%know.% There%are%known%unknowns;%these%are%the%things%that%we%know% we%don’t%know.%But%there%are%also%the%unknown%unknowns;%these% are%the%things%we%don’t%know%we%don’t%know. Hat tip to Jeremy Keith
47. 640x480
48. ‘Letterbox’ framesets. Can you believe we did that stuff?
49. 800x600
50. 1024x768
52. Jason Santa Maria We%don’t%support%800%x%600%anymore,%nor%do%we%640%x%480. Do%you? http://stuffandnonsense.co.uk/blog/about/a_list_taken_apart
55. 320x420 320x420
56. 420x320
57. Mat “Wilto” Marquis <link%rel="stylesheet"%media="only%screen%and%(maxA deviceAwidth:%480px)"%href="/css/iphone.css">%No,%you% guys.%No. http://twitter.com/wilto/status/116589243777814528 @wilto
58. Arguing%about%640,%800%or%1024%pixels%is%like%arguing%about% whether%Pepsi%tastes%better%than%Coke%when%really,%a%nice%glass% of%water%would%be%much%more%refreshing.%The%numbers%game%is% a%red%herring.%A%big%>ixedAwidth%red%herring. http://stuffandnonsense.co.uk/blog/about/a_list_taken_apart Jeremy Keith
61. ⌘N
64. Jason Santa Maria The%framework%for%what%a%page%is%has%changed%considerably%even%in% the%past%few%years,%though%our%applications%for%designing%those% frameworks%are%still%stuck%in%the%web%of%yore,%and%largely%dictated%by% their%use%for%print%design.% http://v4.jasonsantamaria.com/articles/a-real-web-design-application
65. Design isn’t just about layout Layout Elements placed on a grid, horizontally and vertically Typography Typefaces, type treatments and white space Colour Emotion and interaction vocabulary Texture Decorative elements, line-work, patterns and shapes
75. Trent Walton Web%designers%will%have%to%look%beyond%the%layout%in%front% of%them%to%envision%how%its%elements%will%re>low%&%lockup%at% various%widths%while%maintaining%form%&%hierarchy.% http://trentwalton.com/2011/07/14/content-choreography
76. Design atmosphere Typography Typefaces, type treatments and white space Colour Emotion and interaction vocabulary Texture Decorative elements, line-work, patterns and shapes
84. FRV BRAND GUIDELINES ES
85. 25 MASS: TYPOGRAPHY ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz The Product Name should appear in Futura Std Bold Uppercase. This sans serif font has been chosen for its clarity, legibility and classic appeal. The Front Product Descriptor copy should appear in ITC Century Std Lowercase. This serif font has been chosen for its simple style and clarity even in smaller point sizes. The back of pack copy should appear in Futura Std. This sans serif font has been chosen for its simple style and clarity even in smaller point sizes. All fonts are OpenType from the Adobe Font Folio 11. (www.adobe.com/uk/products/fontfolio)
86. 17 MASS PANTONE 7489 C PANTONE 7495 C PANTONE 366 C PANTONE 383 C PANTONE 7406 C PANTONE 121 C PANTONE 1235 C PANTONE 7502 C PANTONE 157 C PANTONE 138 C PANTONE 166 C PANTONE Warm Red C PANTONE 485 C PANTONE 184 C PANTONE 5005 C PANTONE 7431 C PANTONE 673 C PANTONE 701 C PANTONE 529 C PANTONE 7446 C PANTONE 659 C PANTONE 7459 C PANTONE 278 C PANTONE 551 C PANTONE 629 C PANTONE 3105 C PANTONE 3248 C PANTONE 7466 C PANTONE 7536 C PANTONE 7530 C OUTDOOR PANTONE 583 C PANTONE 291 C MASS: COLOUR PALETTE Mass products are made up of a warm colourful palette that is both complementary and contrasting. Colour is a key element of this design, therefore it is important that Pantone colours are used to print the designs rather than CMYK. Pantone colours will provide the maximum amount of consistency across the Product Range. In instances where this is not possible we have created optimised CMYK values that are shown on page 18. In the instance that a suitable colour does not exist for a Mass Food product, please contact your Licensing Manager.
87. 22 MASS: PHOTOGRAPHY Always use image in monochrome with a background colour wash Never use in colour Never use simply as black and white image Never position anywhere other than bottom right Never cover with copy ITALIAN FUSILLI enjoy traditional texture with Durum Wheat Semolina Never force the image into the given space – leave an area of blank space round the image Never position the image around a corner do’s and dont’s
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101. What we learned Mobile usage is out-pacing PC usage Our thinking about design needs to adapt Separate atmosphere from layout Create design guides first, not style guides last
103. TWO
104. What we’ll cover The ‘post-PC’ design workflow Making content design decisions Designing with web-font tools Typography and texture A new take on grid design
105. Plan Design Develop Deploy Hat tip to Ethan Marcotte
106. Plan Design Develop Deploy
107. Plan Deploy
108. Design Site audit (existing assets) Flows and navigation maps User stories or scenarios Personas Site maps and content inventory Wireframes (screen blueprints or storyboards) Prototypes Written specifications (describing behavior or design) Graphic mockups (Precise visual of expected end result) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User_experience_design
109. Design Site audit (existing assets) Flows and navigation maps User stories or scenarios Personas Site maps and content inventory Wireframes (screen blueprints or storyboards) Prototypes Written specifications (describing behavior or design) Graphic mockups (Precise visual of expected end result) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User_experience_design
110. Logo Nav Nav Nav Nav Introduction Call to action Logo Logo Logo Logo Logo Work introduction Image
112. Mat “Wilto” Marquis Mobile%users%want%to%see%our%menu,%hours,%and%delivery% number.%Desktop%users%de>initely%want%this%1mb%png%of% someone%smiling%at%a%salad. https://twitter.com/wilto/status/63284673723375616 @wilto
113. Stephen Hay’s responsive workflow Content inventory Content reference wireframes Design in text (structured content) Linear design Breakpoint graph Design for various breakpoints HTML design prototype Present prototype screenshots Present prototype after revision Document for production http://www.slideshare.net/stephenhay/responsive-design-workflow
114. Stephen Hay’s responsive workflow Content inventory Content reference wireframes Design in text (structured content) Linear design Breakpoint graph Design for various breakpoints HTML design prototype Present prototype screenshots Present prototype after revision Document for production http://www.slideshare.net/stephenhay/responsive-design-workflow
115. Content inventory Branding Navigation Introduction (with initial call to action) Work Conference speaking Workshops and training Books and articles Blog entries Call to action
116. Call to action Branding Introduction Navigation Conference speaking Workshops and training Books and articles Blog entries Work
118. Call to action Branding Introduction Navigation Conference speaking Workshops and training Books and articles Blog entries Work 1. Branding 2. Navigation 3. Introduction 4. Work 5. Conference speaking 6. Workshops and training 7. Books and articles 8. Blog entries 9. Call to action
123. Post-PC responsive workflow Content inventory Structured content Design atmosphere Design a flexible grid Sketch content and functionality HTML design prototype (first iteration) Stage one
124. Test layouts early on real devices Iterate through sketches and prototype revisions Test regularly Correct only what looks broken HTML design prototype (second iteration) Stage two
125. Create detailed visuals based on prototypes Develop final responsive templates Stage three
127. Back to design atmosphere Typography Typefaces, type treatments and white space Colour Emotion and interaction vocabulary Texture Decorative elements, line-work, patterns and shapes
134. Call to action Branding Introduction Navigation Conference speaking Workshops and training Books and articles Blog entries Work 1. Branding 2. Navigation 3. Introduction 4. Work 5. Conference speaking 6. Workshops and training 7. Books and articles 8. Blog entries 9. Call to action
135. Sean Tubridy Responsive%design.%Mobile%>irst.%Progressive%enhancement.% These,%and%any%other%technical%approaches%where%your% content%can%take%different%forms%across%channels%and% platforms,%present%a%challenge%to%content%strategists.%The% content%you%create%needs%to%be%>lexible. http://blog.braintraffic.com/2012/01/content-strategy-and-responsive-design
136. Deleted Collapses Accordions, carousels and scrollers Flows Content blocks change width and height Responsive content
137. When should this content collapse? How should it collapse? Accordion, carousel or scroller? How should this content flow? What’s the order of importance? Should ‘this’ go above or below ‘that’? Should this content be deleted? Content strategy questions
149. iOS6: 260 iOS5: 58 Android uses Roboto Windows Phone 8 uses Segoe Fonts installed
155. 21 a 24 a 36 a 48 a 14 a 16 a 18 a 12 a 11 a 10 a
156. 21 a 24 a 36 a 48 a 14 a 16 a 18 a 12 a 11 a 10 a
157. 21 a 24 a 36 a 48 a 14 a 16 a 18 a 12 a 11 a 10 a
158. Tip: Create a file to test heading sizes on actual devices, not narrow browser windows
159. Tip: Test body text sizes with users during the design phase
160. http://goo.gl/o23Vc
161. http://www.flickr.com/photos/brad_frost/7387827018
171. iPhone 3GS, iOS 4.3.n, 320 x 480 (no retina display) iPhone 4, iOS 5, 320 x 480 (retina display) iPad, iOS 5, 1024 x 768 (no retina display) Android 2.1 – Motorola, 480 x 600 Android 2.3 – HTC, 480 x 320 (QWERTY) Android 2.3 – Huawei, 320 x 480 (low CPU) Android 3.0 – Samsung, 320 x 480 (low CPU, low dpi) Android 2.3.4 – Kindle Fire, 1024 x 600 (7″ tablet) Stephanie Rieger’s ‘Strategies for choosing test devices’ http://stephanierieger.com/strategies-for-choosing-test-devices/
172. Small screen smartphone (eg: iPhone 3GS, 4 or 4S) Large screen smartphone (eg: Google Nexus) Medium screen tablet (eg: Google Nexus 7 or Kindle Fire 7 HD) Large screen table (eg: iPad, iPad 2 or the New iPad) Opera Mobile Emulator (Mac App Store) Design test devices
173. http://labs.adobe.com/technologies/shadow http://itunes.apple.com/us/app/aptus/id510487565
178. Major breakpoint 320 Major breakpoint 720 Major breakpoint 1024 Minor breakpoint 240 Minor breakpoint 360 Minor breakpoint 480 Minor breakpoint 600 Minor breakpoint 640 Minor breakpoint 768 Minor breakpoint 800 Minor breakpoint 1280 Minor breakpoint 1366 iPhone, many Android and Blackberry devices Some Android and many Blackberry devices (p) Symbian Touch (p) iPhone, Android and some Symbian devices (l) Some tablets and e-readers Some Symbian Touch (l) iPad and some tablets (p) Some tablets Some tablets, most netbooks, many desktops Some tablets Many laptops Hat tip to Stephanie Rieger
179. Jeremy Keith Breakpoints%should%not%be%dictated%by%devices,%but%by% content.%Let%the%content%decide%when%to%expand%and%when% adjust%your%designs. http://www.lukew.com/ff/entry.asp?1393
187. http://izilla.com.au/git/izilla.mq.debugger.bookmarklet.html
191. A fluid grid
192. target ÷ context = result 896px
193. target ÷ 896 = result 252px 620px
198. Less Framework grid
199. 3 columns at 320px 5 columns at 480px 6 columns at 600px 8 columns at 768px 10 columns at 992px 68px columns, 24px gutters
200. Josh Clark The%44Apixel%block%is,%in%many%ways,%the%basic%unit%of% measurement%for%the%iPhone%interAface,%establishing%the% visual%rhythm%of%many%iPhone%apps.%That%metric%is%signi>icant% as%the%recommended%minimum%size%to%make%a%tap%target%(like% a%button%or%list%item)%easily%and%reliably%tappable. Josh Clark’s book Tapworthy: Designing Great IPhone Apps
201. 44px
202. 44px
203. 44px
204. 88px
205. 22px 22px 88px 88px 88px 44px 44px 44px Fingertip-based grid
206. Fingertip-based grid
207. 3 columns at 300px (320) 4 columns at 408px (480) 5 columns at 528px (600) 7 columns at 732px (768) 9 columns at 948px (992) 88px columns, 22px gutters
208. 25px Mark Boulton’s pro-tip Use odd numbered pixels for gutters (21, 23, 25) to allow for a 1px column rule between columns 25px
218. What we learned We need ‘post-PC’ design workflows Flowing, collapsing and removing content Web-font design tools are essential Make typography feel native to the device Combine content and device breakpoints Design your own bespoke grid
220. THREE
221. What we’ll cover Learning by example Navigation design patterns Content module patterns Responsive advertising
224. Reflow Transform Collapse Navigation design patterns
227. Reflowing navigation
230. Reflowing navigation
233. Reflowing navigation
324. greygoose.com
327. channel4.com/news
330. Include only essential navigation Use top navigation for common tasks Use bottom navigation for exploring Don’t duplicate navigation Navigation essentials
337. Item Item Item Item Item Item Start with ‘item’ divisions. Give them widths, float them or use display:table properties to form a modular grid (more on those later)
338. A B A B A B A B A B A B Add two elements inside each ‘item.’ These could be any appropriate block-level elements. We’ll call them A and B. Float them when space allows
339. For small screens, stack items vertically Item Item Item
340. Float A and B when space allows A B A B A B
346. Item Item Item Start with ‘item’ divisions. Give them widths, float them or use display:table properties
347. A B A B A B Add two elements inside each ‘item.’ These could be any appropriate block-level elements. We’ll call them A and B. Float them when space allows
348. A B For small screens, stack items and A and B elements vertically
352. Item Item Item Start with ‘item’ divisions. Give them widths, float them or use display:table properties
353. Add two elements inside each ‘item.’ These could be any appropriate block-level elements. We’ll call them A and B. Float them when space allows A B A B A B
354. Sub-divide the A element into two. We’ll call them C and D. Float them when space allows C D C D C D B B B
355. For medium screens, stack A and B elements vertically B B C D C D
356. C B D For small screens, stack all elements (items, A, B, C and D) vertically
363. Remember to design for the shorter landscape format You can animate the changes to layout. (See the next slide)
375. .promo-item { background-size : contain; }
400. 728 x 90 IMU (Leaderboard) 160 x 600 IMU (Wide Skycraper) 120 x 60 IMU (Button 2) 180 x 150 IMU (Rectangle) 300 x 100 IMU (3:1 Rectangle) 300 x 250 IMU (Medium Rectangle)
402. Mark Boulton’s ‘slot packages’ Leaderboard Banner MMU
403. Small screens Banner
404. Medium screens Banner MMU
405. Large screens Leaderboard Banner MMU
406. Navigation <nav role="navigation"> <div class="a728x90">[…]</div> </nav> <div role="complementary"> <div class="a300x100">[…]</div> <div class="a300x100">[…]</div> <div class="a300x250">[…]</div> </div> Complementary
407. .a728x90 { display : none; } 300x100 300x100 300x250
408. Complementary Main [role="main"] { float : left; width : 54.737%; /* 408px */ } [role="complementary"] { float : right; width : 40.983%; /* 300px */ min-width : 300px;} Navigation
409. 300x100 300x100 300x250 Main 728x90
410. Complementary Main 728x90 300x100 300x100 300x100 Complementary Main
411. 24px 24px 84px 84px 84px IMU-based grid 300 x 100 IMU (3:1 Rectangle)
412. IMU-based grid
413. 3 columns at 300px (320) 4 columns at 408px (480) 5 columns at 516px (600) 7 columns at 732px (768) 9 columns at 948px (992) 84px columns, 24px gutters
415. What we learned Responsive examples Navigation flows, collapses and transforms Content module transformations Dealing with fixed widths and responsive advertising
418. http://goo.gl/eg3Ob Slides http://goo.gl/py55q Resources
419. What we’ll cover Structuring media queries from small screens up Inheriting not adaptive styles Sizing text with new flexible units Working with images for high ppi screens Alternatives to bitmaps CSS properties for flexible layouts
431. .speaker-carousel { background-image : url("body.png"); position : absolute; width : 2025px; z-index : 30; } @media all and (max-device-width: 480px), all and (max-width: 800px) { .speaker-carousel { display : none; } }
432. Adding media queries to desktop sites does not make a mobile experience Oh how we laughed when we realized our mistake
433. Progressive enhancement + content first + responsive design = Content first responsive design
434. Small screen designs are the default Media Queries scale up, not down More accessible, more responsible Content first responsive layout
436. <link rel="stylesheet" href="style.css"> @media print {…} @media screen and (min-width : 480px) {…} @media screen and (min-width : 600px) {…} @media screen and (min-width : 768px) {…} @media screen and (min-width : 992px) {…} @media screen and (min-width : 1382px) {…}
438. @media screen and (min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 319px) { /* styles */ } @media screen and (min-width: 320px) and (max-width: 479px) { /* styles */ } @media screen and (min-width: 480px) and (max-width: 599px) { /* styles */ } @media screen and (min-width: 600px) and (max-width: 758px) { /* styles */ } @media screen and (min-width: 759px) and (max-width: 958px) { /* styles */ } @media screen and (min-width: 959px) { /* styles */ }
439. Developing a foundation Content Develop a foundation stylesheet Colour, texture and typography Use rems for font-sizing Mobile first images Minimal Javascript Optimize images for performance
440. Enhancing the foundation Add webfonts over 600px Use micro-queries for minor breakpoints Build styles progressively Use inheritance and the cascade Lazy-load large assets at appropriate sizes Fixed-widths for Internet Explorer 6–8
442. <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width; initial-scale=1.0; maximum-scale=1.0; user-scalable=no "> HTML
443. @-webkit-viewport { width : device-width; } @-moz-viewport { width : device-width; } @-ms-viewport { width : device-width; } @-o-viewport { width : device-width; } @viewport { width : device-width; } CSS http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-device-adapt/
444. <meta name="HandheldFriendly" content="true"> HTML Interpreted by mobile browsers as an indicator of mobile markup <meta name="MobileOptimized" content="320"> Control layout width rendered in Internet Explorer Mobile <meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-capable" content="yes"> Runs full-screen on iOS devices
446. The problem with ems body { font-size : 62.5%; } h1 { font-size : 2.4em; /* 24px */ } p { font-size : 1.6em; /* 16px */ } ul { font-size : 1.6em; /* 16px */ } ul p { font-size : 1.6em; /* ? */ }
447. Sizing type with rems body { font-size : 62.5%; } h1 { font-size : 2.4rem; /* 24px */ } p { font-size : 1.6rem; /* 16px */ } ul { font-size : 1.6rem; /* 16px */ } ul p { font-size : 1.6rem; /* 16px */ }
448. h1 { font-size : 32px; font-size : 3.2rem; } CSS LESS MIXIN .font-size(@font-size: 16){ @rem: (@font-size / 10); font-size : @font-size * 1px; font-size : ~"@{rem}rem"; } .font-size(32);
461. Sizing type with rems h1 { font-size : 32px; font-size : 3.2rem; font-size: 5.4vw; }
462. http://www.w3.org/TR/css3-values/#viewport-relative-lengths vw Equal to 1% of the width of the viewport vh Equal to 1% of the height of the viewport vmin Equal to either vw or vh, whichever is smaller vmax New. The opposite behaviour to vmin
463. Chrome 20+ Internet Explorer 10+ Current browser support
465. img { max-width : 100%; }
467. 186px 195px 372px 390px
468. 477px 455px 910px x 955px
469. http://itunes.apple.com/gb/app/duplex/id551984804 http://macrabbit.com/slicy
470. sudo defaults write /Library/Preferences/com.apple.windowserver DisplayResolutionEnabled -bool YES; sudo defaults delete /Library/Preferences/com.apple.windowserver DisplayResolutionDisabled; https://gist.github.com/3191869
474. http://www.jpegmini.com http://www.pngmini.com
475. [role="banner"] div p { background-image : url(banner-m-lg.png); } @media only screen and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio : 2), only screen and ( min--moz-device-pixel-ratio : 2), only screen and ( -o-min-device-pixel-ratio : 2/1), only screen and ( min-device-pixel-ratio: 2), only screen and ( min-resolution : 192dpi), only screen and ( min-resolution : 2dppx) { [role="banner"] div p { background-image : url(banner-m-lg@2x.png); background-size : 225px 380px; } }
476. sprite.png sprite@2x.png
477. .ss-target { background : url(sprite.png) no-repeat 0 0; } .ss-link { background : url(sprite.png) no-repeat -100px 0; } @media only screen and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio : 2), only screen and ( min--moz-device-pixel-ratio : 2), only screen and ( -o-min-device-pixel-ratio : 2/1), only screen and ( min-device-pixel-ratio: 2), only screen and ( min-resolution : 192dpi), only screen and ( min-resolution : 2dppx) { .ss-target, .ss-link { background-image { url(sprite@2x.png) } background-size : 200px 200px; } }
484. 10px 10px 10px 10px 10px 10px
485. 1 2 3 4 6 7 8 9 5 10px 10px 10px 10px 10px 10px
486. button { border-image-slice : 10 10 10 10; border-image-source : url(button.png); } button { border-image : url(button.png) 10 10 10 10; } button { border-image : url(button.png) 10 10 10 10; border-width : 10px 10px 10px 10px; }
487. 10px 20px 30px 40px
488. 1 2 3 4 6 7 8 9
489. button { border-image-slice : 10 10 10 10 fill; border-image-source : url(button.png); } http://blog.assortedgarbage.com/2011/12/change-happens
490. Stretch Stretches slice areas to fill horizontally or vertically Repeat Repeats slice areas to fill horizontally or vertically Round Resizes a slice so that only whole pieces fit when repeating Space Repeats whole slice pieces and adds space to fill a border evenly
493. 40px 32px 25px 14px input[type="search" { height : 22px; padding : 5px 1px 5px 5px; border-image : url(search.png) 0 14 0 25; border-width : 0 14px 0 25px; }
494. Don’t assume that screen size relates to browser capabilities
495. Trackball Touchscreen Trackpad
497. if (Modernizr.touch){ // Touchstart, touchmove, etc and watch ‘event.streamId’ } else { // Normal click, mousemove, etc. } .touch { /* Styles for touch screen devices */ } .no-touch { /* Styles for non-touch screen devices */ } JAVASCRIPT CSS
498. Use Modernizr to detect touch capabilities Design alternatives to hover-based menus Consider hover
508. <div class="content"> [Content] </div> <nav role="navigation"> [Navigation] </nav> Content Navigation
509. Content Navigation <div class="content"> [Content] </div> <nav role="navigation"> [Navigation] </nav>
510. Display table properties display : table Defines element as a block-level table display : table-caption Treats element as a caption for the table (caption-side : top | bottom | inherit) display : table-row An element represents a row of cells display : table-cell An element represents a table cell
511. display : table-header-group A row group always displayed before all other rows and row groups and after any top captions display : table-footer-group A row group always displayed after all other rows and row groups and after any bottom captions display : table-row-group One or more rows of cells Display table properties
512. table-row An ‘anonymous box’ created by applying display:table-cell to an element table An ‘anonymous box’ created by applying display:table-cell to an element
513. Content <div class="content"> <a href="#nav">Navigation</a> [Content] </div> <nav role="navigation" id="nav"> [Navigation] </nav> Navigation
514. @media only screen and (min-width: 600px) { a[href="#nav"] { display : none; } body { display : table; border-collapse : collapse; } [role="navigation"] { display : table-header-group; } } Content Navigation
515. Content Navigation .content { display : table; border-collapse : collapse; }
516. Navigation [role="main"] { display : table-cell; width : 64.6%; } [role="complementary"] { display : table-cell; width : 35.39%; } Complementary Main
517. Complementary Main [role="main"] { width : 71.87%; } [role="complementary"] { width : 28.12%; } Navigation
520. <div class="ihatetimvandamme"> <nav role="navigation"> [Navigation] </nav> <header role="banner"> [Banner] </header> </div> Banner Navigation
521. Navigation Banner @media only screen and (min-width: 600px) { .ihatetimvandamme { display : table; } [role="banner"] { display : table-header-group; } }
522. Col Col Col .content { overflow : hidden; } .col { display : table-cell; width : 33.33%; }
523. .content { display : table-row; } .col { display : table-cell; width : 33.33%; } Col Col Col
524. .col:nth-of-type(2) { position : relative; } .col:nth-of-type(2) img { position : absolute; right : 0; } Col
525. .col:nth-of-type(2) .inner { position : relative; } .col:nth-of-type(2) .inner img { position : absolute; right : 0; } Inner
527. Box-img <div class="box id="box-writing"> <div class="box-img"> </div> <div class="box-details"> <h2>Books and articles</h2> <p>As well as articles…</p> </div> </div> Box-details
528. Box-img .box-img { background-image : url(b.png); height : 180px; } Box-details
530. Box-img Box-details #box-writing { display : table; } .box-details, .box-img { display : table-cell; }
531. Box-img Box-details .box-img { background-image : url(b2.png); background-position : 100% 50%; height : auto; }
533. Really? Really what? You mean there’s more ?
534. @media all and (min-width: 992px) and (min-height : 34em) { .entry-summary { column-count : 2; column-gap : 22px; } }
535. @media all and (min-width: 992px) and (min-height : 34em) { .entry-summary { column-count : 3; column-gap : 22px; } }
538. <body class="responsive"> <article id="hero"> <div id="hero-wrapper"> <div class="hero-image">[…]</div> <div class="hero-content"> <h1 class="hero-title"></h1> </div> </div> </article> </body>
539. #hero #hero-wrapper { min-height : 100%; } /* desktop - fallback */ #hero #hero-wrapper { height : 660px; background-image : url(hero_fallback.jpg); } /* desktop - responsive */ #hero .hero-image { min-height : 670px; background-image : url(hero.jpg); }
540. /* desktop - responsive */ @media only screen and (min-height : 1060px) { body.responsive #hero #hero-wrapper { max-height : 1180px; } body.responsive #hero .hero-image { width : 980px; height : 72%; background-size : auto 98%; } }
541. /* desktop - iPad portrait */ @media only screen and (min-device-width : 481px) and (max-device-width : 768px) and (orientation : portrait) { } /* desktop - iPad landscape */ @media only screen and (min-device-width : 481px) and (max-device-width : 768px) and (orientation : landscape) { }
542. /* iPhone / touch */ @media only screen and (min-device-width : 320px) and (max-device-width : 480px) and (orientation : portrait) { } @media only screen and (min-device-width : 481px) and (max-device-width : 768px) and (orientation : landscape) { }
543. What we learned Structure media queries from small screens up Use inheriting not adaptive styles Size text with rems and vws Optimise high ppi images for performance Use fonts and CSS as alternatives to bitmaps How to use display:table and CSS columns
545. http://goo.gl/eg3Ob Slides
546. Conference talks and podcasts URLs from my talk, Bringing a Knife to a Gunfight http://goo.gl/yGOKR Responsive Design Workflow by Stephen Hay http://goo.gl/2dEhe Building Responsive Layouts by Zoe Gillenwater http://goo.gl/OtlXo Pragmatic responsive design by Stephanie Rieger http://goo.gl/W1BXG
549. @malarkey
550. http://flickr.com/photos/25688037@N04/5511202367 http://flickr.com/photos/53831770@N03/5518688331 http://flickr.com/photos/ohmystars/6163991574 CREDIT WHERE CREDIT’S DUE http://jamieoliver.com http://bbc.co.uk/guidelines/gel/ FRV BRAND GUIDELINES ES