The Remarkable Journey Of A Single Web Request

How far would you have to travel to deliver just one request to a server when you type in their web address? Have you wondered why the web address you typed in takes a little time to load up that cute cat video? We’ll explore the journey a single request takes from the browser address bar, to the server, and back. You’ll see just how many services, protocols, and systems are involved in delivering those oh so cute cat videos to your browser each day.

Transcript

1. The Remarkable Journey of a Web Request Single
2. Aaron Kalin
3. Aaron Kalin @martinisoft
4. Aaron Kalin @martinisoft He/Him/His
7. An HTTP Request
8. ! An HTTP Request
9. ! An HTTP Request
10. " ! An HTTP Request
11. " ! An HTTP Request
12. # DNS $ Internet " Server ! Browser DNS
13. # DNS $ Internet " Server ! Browser Domain Name System
14. # DNS $ Internet " Server ! Browser
15. # DNS $ Internet " Server ! Browser rubygems.org. A IN
16. # DNS $ Internet " Server ! Browser rubygems.org. A IN Local Cache
17. # DNS $ Internet " Server ! Browser rubygems.org. A IN Local Cache
18. # DNS $ Internet " Server ! Browser % Router rubygems.org. A IN Local Cache
19. # DNS $ Internet " Server ! Browser % Router rubygems.org. A IN Local Cache
20. # DNS $ Internet " Server ! Browser $ ISP % Router rubygems.org. A IN Local Cache
21. # DNS $ Internet " Server ! Browser $ ISP % Router rubygems.org. A IN Local Cache
22. # DNS $ Internet " Server ! Browser $ ISP % Router rubygems.org. A IN Local Cache Registry
23. # DNS $ Internet " Server ! Browser $ ISP % Router rubygems.org. A IN Local Cache Registry
24. # DNS $ Internet " Server ! Browser $ ISP % Router & Registrar rubygems.org. A IN Local Cache Registry
25. # DNS $ Internet " Server ! Browser $ ISP % Router & Registrar rubygems.org. A IN Local Cache Registry
26. # DNS $ Internet " Server ! Browser $ ISP % Router & Registrar rubygems.org. A IN Local Cache Registry Nameserver
27. # DNS $ Internet " Server ! Browser $ ISP % Router & Registrar rubygems.org. A IN Local Cache Registry Nameserver
28. # DNS $ Internet " Server ! Browser $ ISP % Router & Registrar Local Cache Registry Nameserver
29. # DNS $ Internet " Server ! Browser rubygems.org. 3600 IN A 54.186.104.15 $ ISP % Router & Registrar Local Cache Registry Nameserver
30. # DNS $ Internet " Server ! Browser
31. # DNS $ Internet " Server ! Browser rubygems.org. (Query)
32. # DNS $ Internet " Server ! Browser rubygems.org. (Query) 3600 (TTL)
33. # DNS $ Internet " Server ! Browser rubygems.org. (Query) 3600 (TTL) IN (Class)
34. # DNS $ Internet " Server ! Browser rubygems.org. (Query) 3600 (TTL) IN (Class) A (Record)
35. # DNS $ Internet " Server ! Browser rubygems.org. (Query) 3600 (TTL) IN (Class) A (Record) 54.186.104.15 (Value)
36. # DNS $ Internet " Server ! Browser
37. # DNS $ Internet " Server ! Browser UDP
38. # DNS $ Internet " Server ! Browser User Datagram Protocol
39. # DNS $ Internet " Server ! Browser User Datagram Protocol
40. # DNS $ Internet " Server ! Browser Speed! User Datagram Protocol
41. # DNS $ Internet " Server ! Browser Speed! No “guarantee” of delivery User Datagram Protocol
42. # DNS $ Internet " Server ! Browser Speed! No “guarantee” of delivery Commonly used in video games and DNS queries User Datagram Protocol
43. # DNS $ Internet " Server ! Browser TCP
44. # DNS $ Internet " Server ! Browser Transmission Control Protocol
45. # DNS $ Internet " Server ! Browser Transmission Control Protocol
46. # DNS $ Internet " Server ! Browser Transmission Control Protocol Slower than UDP
47. # DNS $ Internet " Server ! Browser Transmission Control Protocol Slower than UDP “Handshake” overhead
48. # DNS $ Internet " Server ! Browser Transmission Control Protocol Slower than UDP “Handshake” overhead Uses “Flow Control” to guarantee delivery
49. # DNS $ Internet " Server ! Browser The Internet
50. # DNS $ Internet " Server ! Browser '
51. # DNS $ Internet " Server ! Browser 54.186.104.15 '
52. # DNS $ Internet " Server ! Browser 54.186.104.15 ( '
53. # DNS $ Internet " Server ! Browser 54.186.104.15 Open a socket
54. # DNS $ Internet " Server ! Browser 54.186.104.15 Open a socket
55. # DNS $ Internet " Server ! Browser 54.186.104.15 Open a socket
56. # DNS $ Internet " Server ! Browser 54.186.104.15 ) Computer Open a socket
57. # DNS $ Internet " Server ! Browser 54.186.104.15 ) Computer Open a socket
58. # DNS $ Internet " Server ! Browser 54.186.104.15 ) Computer % Router Open a socket
59. # DNS $ Internet " Server ! Browser 54.186.104.15 ) Computer % Router Open a socket
60. # DNS $ Internet " Server ! Browser BGP
61. # DNS $ Internet " Server ! Browser Border Gateway Protocol
62. # DNS $ Internet " Server ! Browser Border Gateway Protocol
63. # DNS $ Internet " Server ! Browser Border Gateway Protocol Lets ISPs share their network routes
64. # DNS $ Internet " Server ! Browser Border Gateway Protocol Lets ISPs share their network routes Lets the router figure out the next destination to hand off the packet
65. # DNS $ Internet " Server ! Browser
66. # DNS $ Internet " Server ! Browser % Router
67. # DNS $ Internet " Server ! Browser % Router % Router
68. # DNS $ Internet " Server ! Browser % Router % Router 54.186.104.0/24
69. # DNS $ Internet " Server ! Browser % Router % Router 54.186.104.0/24 54.186.104.15
70. # DNS $ Internet " Server ! Browser % Router % Router 54.186.104.0/24 54.186.104.15 54.186.104.0 - 54.186.104.255
71. # DNS $ Internet " Server ! Browser % Router % Router 54.186.104.15 54.186.104.0 - 54.186.104.255
72. # DNS $ Internet " Server ! Browser % Router % Router 54.186.104.15 54.186.104.0 - 54.186.104.255
73. # DNS $ Internet " Server ! Browser % Router % Router 54.186.104.15 54.186.104.0 - 54.186.104.255 Server
74. # DNS $ Internet " Server ! Browser The Server
75. # DNS $ Internet " Server ! Browser " … (
76. # DNS $ Internet " Server ! Browser " … ( 80 HTTP 443 HTTPS
77. # DNS $ Internet " Server ! Browser
78. # DNS $ Internet " Server ! Browser ) Computer
79. # DNS $ Internet " Server ! Browser ) Computer Server
80. # DNS $ Internet " Server ! Browser ) Computer $ Internet Server
81. # DNS $ Internet " Server ! Browser ) Computer ( ( $ Internet Server
82. # DNS $ Internet " Server ! Browser ) Computer ( ( $ Internet GET / HTTP/1.1 Accept: text/html Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate,sdch Accept-Language: en-US Connection: keep-alive DNT: 1 Server
83. # DNS $ Internet " Server ! Browser Request & Request Headers
84. # DNS $ Internet " Server ! Browser Request & Request Headers
85. # DNS $ Internet " Server ! Browser GET / HTTP/1.1 Request & Request Headers
86. # DNS $ Internet " Server ! Browser GET / HTTP/1.1 Accept: text/html Request & Request Headers
87. # DNS $ Internet " Server ! Browser GET / HTTP/1.1 Accept: text/html Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate,sdch Request & Request Headers
88. # DNS $ Internet " Server ! Browser GET / HTTP/1.1 Accept: text/html Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate,sdch Accept-Language: en-US Request & Request Headers
89. # DNS $ Internet " Server ! Browser GET / HTTP/1.1 Accept: text/html Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate,sdch Accept-Language: en-US Connection: keep-alive Request & Request Headers
90. # DNS $ Internet " Server ! Browser GET / HTTP/1.1 Accept: text/html Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate,sdch Accept-Language: en-US Connection: keep-alive Host: rubygems.org Request & Request Headers
91. # DNS $ Internet " Server ! Browser GET / HTTP/1.1 Accept: text/html Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate,sdch Accept-Language: en-US Connection: keep-alive Host: rubygems.org User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_9_4) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/36.0.1985.125 Safari/537.36 Request & Request Headers
92. # DNS $ Internet " Server ! Browser Response & Response Headers
93. # DNS $ Internet " Server ! Browser Response & Response Headers
94. # DNS $ Internet " Server ! Browser HTTP/1.1 200 OK Response & Response Headers
95. # DNS $ Internet " Server ! Browser HTTP/1.1 200 OK Server: nginx Response & Response Headers
96. # DNS $ Internet " Server ! Browser HTTP/1.1 200 OK Server: nginx Date: Thu, 07 Aug 2014 05:00:03 GMT Response & Response Headers
97. # DNS $ Internet " Server ! Browser HTTP/1.1 200 OK Server: nginx Date: Thu, 07 Aug 2014 05:00:03 GMT Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8 Response & Response Headers
98. # DNS $ Internet " Server ! Browser HTTP/1.1 200 OK Server: nginx Date: Thu, 07 Aug 2014 05:00:03 GMT Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8 Transfer-Encoding: chunked Response & Response Headers
99. # DNS $ Internet " Server ! Browser HTTP/1.1 200 OK Server: nginx Date: Thu, 07 Aug 2014 05:00:03 GMT Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8 Transfer-Encoding: chunked Connection: close Response & Response Headers
100. # DNS $ Internet " Server ! Browser HTTP/1.1 200 OK Server: nginx Date: Thu, 07 Aug 2014 05:00:03 GMT Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8 Transfer-Encoding: chunked Connection: close Status: 200 OK Response & Response Headers
101. # DNS $ Internet " Server ! Browser HTTP/1.1 200 OK Server: nginx Date: Thu, 07 Aug 2014 05:00:03 GMT Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8 Transfer-Encoding: chunked Connection: close Status: 200 OK Strict-Transport-Security: max-age=631138519 Response & Response Headers
102. # DNS $ Internet " Server ! Browser The Browser
103. # DNS $ Internet " Server ! Browser Rinse & Repeat
104. # DNS $ Internet " Server ! Browser Rinse & Repeat
105. # DNS $ Internet " Server ! Browser Rinse & Repeat Download the HTML document and begin parsing for information
106. # DNS $ Internet " Server ! Browser Rinse & Repeat Download the HTML document and begin parsing for information Create new connections (or use existing) to keep fetching stylesheets, javascript, images, video, music, etc.
107. # DNS $ Internet " Server ! Browser ) Computer ( ( $ Internet Server
108. # DNS $ Internet " Server ! Browser ) Computer ( ( $ Internet Server
109. # DNS $ Internet " Server ! Browser ) Computer ( ( Server
110. # DNS $ Internet " Server ! Browser
111. # DNS $ Internet " Server ! Browser
112. # DNS $ Internet " Server ! Browser
113. http://howdns.works
114. Resources & Credits TCP/IP Illustrated Volume 1 http://amzn.to/X3vOag Color Palette http://goo.gl/iOuuP9 Like my driving? http://bit.do/packet-adventure-rate Icons FontAwesome *
115. Thank you for your time ♥