OOP 2022 - Software for Future - Das Big Picture von Software und Nachhaltigkeit verinnerlichen

Software for Future: Das Big Picture von Software und Nachhaltigkeit verinnerlichen!
Wann, wenn nicht jetzt? Das Big Picture von Software und Nachhaltigkeit verinnerlichen!
Wann, wenn nicht jetzt? Wir müssen das Big Picture von Software und Nachhaltigkeit verinnerlichen!Wann, wenn nicht jetzt? Das Big Picture von Software und Nachhaltigkeit auf einen Blick!
Software und Nachhaltigkeit: Die zentralen Bezugspunkte auf einen Blick!
Betrifft uns alle: Die zentralen Bezugspunkte zwischen Software und Nachhaltigkeit auf einen Blick!

Transcript

1. Dr. Marcus Trapp Dr. Matthias Naab 02.02.2022 | OOP
2. © Fraunhofer IESE 3
3. © Fraunhofer IESE 4 https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2021/09/03/climate/bitcoin-carbon-footprint-electricity.html
4. © Fraunhofer IESE 5 https://www.theregister.com/2020/11/04/gpt3_carbon_footprint_estimate/
5. © Fraunhofer IESE 6 https://www.wired.co.uk/article/netflix-carbon-footprint
6. © Fraunhofer IESE 7 https://physicsworld.com/a/powering-the-beast-why-we-shouldnt-worry-about-the-internets-rising-electricity-consumption/
7. © Fraunhofer IESE 8 https://www.businessgreen.com/blog-post/1810555/it-polluting-airline-industry
8. © Fraunhofer IESE 9 https://www.ericsson.com/en/reports-and-papers/industrylab/reports/a-quick-guide-to-your-digital-carbon-footprint
9. © Fraunhofer IESE 10
10. © Fraunhofer IESE 11 https://www.iwm.fraunhofer.de/en/why-fraunhofer-iwm/core-competencies-technical-possibilities/material-modeling-and-simulation.html
11. © Fraunhofer IESE 12 https://www.lhsystems.com/solutions-services/operations-solutions/lidoflightplanning/lidoflight4D
12. © Fraunhofer IESE 13
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14. © Fraunhofer IESE 15 https://de.planetly.com/
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16. © Fraunhofer IESE 17 https://www.infiniteenergy.com.au/tracking-your-energy-usage
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18. © Fraunhofer IESE 19
19. © Fraunhofer IESE 20 Sustainable IT ◼ ICT solutions are no end-in-itself → serve a purpose ◼ Development and use / operation of IT always consumes energy ◼ Energy consumption causes CO2 emissions (depending on the origin of the energy) ◼ Energy consumption causes costs ◼ Development and use / operation of IT requires hardware ◼ Hardware needs raw materials ◼ Hardware production needs energy ◼ Use of hardware can also be minimized / designed efficiently ◼ Decisions in software development have impact on energy consumption and hardware usage ◼ Balance between ecological / economic / social fairness ◼ Consideration over the lifetime of IT systems
20. © Fraunhofer IESE 21 Sustainable-By-IT ◼ Impact on sustainability is main purpose or partial purpose of the IT solution ◼ E.g. solution for optimal route planning of airplanes to minimize kerosene consumption ◼ Potential impact of IT solutions on sustainability ◼ Better understanding of contexts / analysis ◼ Creation of transparency ◼ Influencing behavior / enabling behavior (of companies and people) ◼ Influencing the characteristics of products and processes (consumption of gasoline ...) ◼ During development ◼ During operation ◼ Balance between ecological / economic / social fairness ◼ There must be a motivation for using the IT solution ◼ Somewhere the money for the IT solution has to come from and in some form there has to be economic efficiency (government, B2B, B2C, ...) ◼ Sensible choice of the considered scope is necessary: scope has to be defined actively (which companies / people / activities / ...) ◼ Consideration over meaningful time periods is necessary
21. © Fraunhofer IESE 22 Scope Focus Impact
22. © Fraunhofer IESE 23 Organizations Embedded in their Context Organization in Focus Suppliers B2B- and B2C Customers Own Sustainability Sustainability Impact of Suppliers Impact on Sustainability of Customers Sustainability always needs a certain scope for consideration
23. © Fraunhofer IESE 24 Our Focus for the Talk FOCUS: ◼ Sustainability in relationship to IT / software: ◼ Sustainability by IT ◼ Sustainable IT ◼ Companies developing software ◼ Core business is software development ◼ Core business is other business
24. © Fraunhofer IESE 27 Organization in Focus: Develops Software! Suppliers B2B- und B2C Customers Sustainable IT Sustainable-By-IT Legislator Laws Laws 2 Improve customer’s core business‘s sustainability by IT 5 Improve customer’s IT’s sustainability 3 Select supplier that improves own core business‘s sustainability by IT 6 Select supplier that improves own IT’s sustainability Big Picture & Focus from an IT Perspective 1 Improve own core business‘s sustainability by IT 4 Improve own IT’s sustainability
25. © Fraunhofer IESE 28 Organization in Focus: Develops Software! Suppliers B2B- und B2C Customers Sustainable IT Sustainable-By-IT Legislator Laws Laws 3 Select supplier that improves own core business‘s sustainability by IT Buy a telematics solution to be mounted in vehicles training drivers for optimal fuel-saving behavior 6 Select supplier that improves own IT’s sustainability Move effort- intensive calculation to highly-specialized hardware of a cloud provider Big Picture & Focus from an IT Perspective Example 1 - Company: Feige & Hammer - Core Business: Logistics 1 Improve own core business‘s sustainability by IT Write Software to reduce miles driven and fuel consumed by a highly efficient route planning 4 Improve own IT’s sustainability Improve the software architecture of the route planning to reduce calculation needs and save machines
26. © Fraunhofer IESE 29 Organization in Focus: Develops Software! Suppliers B2B- und B2C Customers Sustainable IT Sustainable-By-IT Legislator Laws Laws 2 Improve customer’s core business‘s sustainability by IT Reduce amount of returned shippings by better fitting clothes 5 Improve customer’s IT’s sustainability Replace on-premise software by multi- tenant SaaS software 3 Select supplier that improves own core business‘s sustainability by IT Select a software component provider for accurate body scans with Phone 6 Select supplier that improves own IT’s sustainability Move self-hosted SaaS to a specialized Cloud provider Big Picture & Focus from an IT Perspective Example 2 - Company: SizeSoft - Core Business: Clothes-fitting Software 1 Improve own core business‘s sustainability by IT Write a simulation software that replaces real-world tests of clothes- fitting with software-based tests. 4 Improve own IT’s sustainability Improve algorithms of software for more efficiency
27. © Fraunhofer IESE 30 Organization in Focus: Develops Software! Suppliers B2B- und B2C Customers Sustainable IT Sustainable-By-IT Legislator Laws Laws 5 Improve customer’s IT’s sustainability Use more efficient graphics library reducing the energy consumption on the user’s device (PC, console) 3 Select supplier that improves own core business‘s sustainability by IT Buy a software component reducing the overall number of tests with AI-based test strategy optimization 6 Select supplier that improves own IT’s sustainability Train the AI models for the game on highly specialized hardware of a cloud provider Big Picture & Focus from an IT Perspective Example 3 - Company: SprintSoft - Core Business: Jump & Run Games 1 Improve own core business‘s sustainability by IT Write a software system that optimally assigns development tasks to avoid interference of work 4 Improve own IT’s sustainability Replace own server hardware by more energy-efficient alternatives
28. © Fraunhofer IESE 31 Organization in Focus: Develops Software! Suppliers B2B- und B2C Customers Sustainable IT Sustainable-By-IT Legislator Laws Laws 2 Improve customer’s core business‘s sustainability by IT 5 Improve customer’s IT’s sustainability 3 Select supplier that improves own core business‘s sustainability by IT 6 Select supplier that improves own IT’s sustainability Big Picture & Focus from an IT Perspective 1 Improve own core business‘s sustainability by IT 4 Improve own IT’s sustainability
29. © Fraunhofer IESE 32 Need to Understand: Motivations to Invest into Sustainability Mix is possible and probable ◼ Economic advantage (from a certain perspective) ◼ Solution is more sustainable and cheaper (e.g. the route optimization for aviation) ◼ Solution is more attractive for customers (e.g. better overall user experience) ◼ More customers ◼ Better prices and higher earnings ◼ Adherence to mandatory regulations and Laws ◼ Intrinsic motivation ◼ Invest → requires to know not only the advantages but also the cost!
30. © Fraunhofer IESE 33 Proportionality & Impact Proportionality: ◼ Selection of a meaningful overall scope! ◼ Where are the real levers? ◼ How much does IT consume compared to what is saved by IT? ◼ Where does a lot of energy really go into IT? ◼ Transparency is absolutely central, otherwise everyone optimizes in the wrong place ◼ Macro-economic vs. from the perspective of an individual company Impact: ◼ How much impact does a company want to have in terms of sustainability? ◼ How can a company increase its impact on sustainability? ◼ Highest possible reach of the offer ◼ Quantity of customers / people influenced is central ◼ E.g., as initiator of a digital ecosystem, focus on strong growth ◼ Achieve the greatest possible impact on individual companies / people ◼ What impact can the state have through regulations?
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32. © Fraunhofer IESE 35 Innovation, Systems- und Software-Engineering for „Sustainable-By-IT“ ◼ Focus not only on software, but on overall system to be impacted ◼ → Selection of a meaningful scope ◼ Digital (Innovation) Design ◼ Origin of innovative solutions for sustainable-by-IT ◼ Needs creativity ◼ Needs to tackle motivations, find business models ◼ Careful balance of ecologic, social, economic aspects ◼ → needs more specific guidance, patterns, … ◼ All other software engineering disciplines needed in the “usual fashion” to build great systems ◼ By addressing only this dimension, you can have a large impact ◼ However, by considering “Sustainable IT” in addition, your impact can be even larger
33. © Fraunhofer IESE 36 Systems- and Software-Engineering for „Sustainable IT“ ◼ Consider energy consumption as a quality attribute ◼ Cross-cutting ◼ Might be subject to regulations in the future ◼ 1 quality attribute among many ◼ Potentially in conflict with other quality attributes ◼ The same applies to hardware consumption ◼ Besides the other quality attributes, the cost consideration is central ◼ Energy costs over the lifetime of the software ◼ Costs for use / operation / development ◼ Energy consumption must / can be considered through all SE activities ◼ Digital Design / RE ◼ Architecture / Implementation / Test ◼ Data Science / Model Training ◼ Overarching consideration of all activities necessary ◼ Integrated consideration of runtime and devtime necessary
34. © Fraunhofer IESE 37 Systems- and Software-Engineering for „Sustainable IT“ ◼ Guidance for software engineering (there are first things, but it is by no means established yet) ◼ Transparency: Where does how much energy actually go in? Measurability! ◼ Principles and guidance for all disciplines in SE and across disciplines ◼ Selection of infrastructure / hardware / technology platforms is central ◼ Have predefined characteristics regarding energy consumption ◼ Must be used appropriately ◼ Are often not completely transparent, especially in IaaS and PaaS offerings ◼ Much optimization for better energy consumption is also possible in the technology platforms (by their providers) ◼ Of course, again with certain tradeoffs!
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36. Dr. Marcus Trapp Dr. Matthias Naab 02.02.2022 | OOP