Biomass in Egypt

Status, potential, Challenges and Questions
By: Mohamed Mamdouh Labib
Postgraduate Program Renewable Energy 2013

Transcript

1. Biomass in Egypt Status, potential, Challenges, Questions Mohamed M.Labib PPRE 2013 1 Tuesday, July 2, 13
2. Source: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:EgyptFrontispiece.jpg "Pyrolysis oil is one of humanityís oldest manufactured products; it was used in ancient Egypt for embalming the dead" Source [1] Source: www.ancientegypt.co.uk/mummies/story/main.html 2 Tuesday, July 2, 13
3. Pyrolysis in our life: Used on a massive scale to turn Cola in Coke. The basis of several methods that are being developed for producing fuel from Biomass. Source [2] "Pyrolysis oil is one of humanityís oldest manufactured products; it was used in ancient Egypt for embalming the dead" Source [1] 3 Tuesday, July 2, 13
4. Source:en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Egypt_NK_edit.svg EGYPT The Agriculture Face The maximum territorial extent of ancient Egypt (15th century BC) 4 Tuesday, July 2, 13
5. A desired resource Unfortunately not free! 5 Tuesday, July 2, 13
6. References and Resources [1] Plinius the Elder (Caius Plinius Secundus); Naturalis Historiae, Book II (77). Koller et al., Nature, 425: 784 (2003). [2] Wikipedia, Pyrolysis webpage: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyrolysis [3] International Energy Agency, Egypt Profile and Statistics , Webpage: www.iea.org/stats/countryresults.asp? COUNTRY_CODE=EG&Submit=Submit [4] FAO – Forestry Department – Wood Energy,WISDOM – East Africa Woodfuel Integrated Supply/Demand Overview Mapping (WISDOM) Methodology, Webpage: http://www.fao.org/docrep/009/j8227e/j8227e07.htm#TopOfPage [5] JCEE Egyptian German Joint Committee, Implementing Renewable Energy Technologies in Egypt 2002, Webpage:www.jcee-eg.net/libDetails.asp?catid=&newsid=&eventid=&page=2&typeID=2 [6] The Regional Solid Waste Exchange of Information and Expertise network in Mashreq and Maghreb countries, COUNTRY REPORT ON THE SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT EGYPT, July 2010. Webpage: www.sweep-net.org/ ckfinder/userfiles/files/country-profiles/rapport-Egypte-en.pdf [7] New and Renewable Energy Authority, annual report 2011-2012. Webpage: www.nrea.gov.eg/english1.html [8] Bioenergy for Sustainable Rural Development ( Biomass) 2009-2014 Webpage: www.egyptbiomass.com/ index.html 6 Tuesday, July 2, 13
7. Section 1 The Status of Biomass in Egypt Energy in Egypt WoodFuel Integration in Egypt Biomass potential in Egypt Waste Management Status 7 Tuesday, July 2, 13
8. 50 000 60 000 70 000 80 000 Total primary energy supply* IEA Energy Statistics Egypt Statistics on the Web: http://www.iea.org/stats/index.asp 0 10 000 20 000 30 000 40 000 1971 1973 1975 1977 1979 1981 1983 1985 1987 1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 ktoe Coal/peat Oil Natural gas Nuclear Hydro Biofuels & waste Geothermal/solar/wind * Excluding electricity trade. * Excluding electricity trade. For more detailed data, please consult our on-line data service at http://data.iea.org. © OECD/IEA 2011 Energy in Egypt 8 Tuesday, July 2, 13
9. Coal/peat 1.2% Natural gas 49.7% Hydro 1.5% Biofuels & waste 2.1% Geothermal/solar/wind 0.1% Egypt Share of total primary energy supply* in 2009 IEA Energy Statistics Statistics on the Web: http://www.iea.org/stats/index.asp Coal/peat 1.2% Oil 45.3% Natural gas 49.7% * Share of TPES excludes electricity trade. Note: For presentational purposes, shares of under 0.1% are not included and consequently the total may not add up to 100%. 72 015 ktoe For more detailed data, please consult our on-line data service at http://data.iea.org. © OECD/IEA 2011 Energy in Egypt 9 Tuesday, July 2, 13
10. 100 000 120 000 140 000 160 000 Electricity generation by fuel IEA Energy Statistics Egypt Statistics on the Web: http://www.iea.org/stats/index.asp 0 20 000 40 000 60 000 80 000 1971 1973 1975 1977 1979 1981 1983 1985 1987 1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 GWh Coal/peat Oil Natural gas Nuclear Hydro Biofuels & waste Geothermal/solar/wind For more detailed data, please consult our on-line data service at http://data.iea.org. © OECD/IEA 2011 For more detailed data, please consult our on-line data service at http://data.iea.org. © OECD/IEA 2011 Energy in Egypt 10 Tuesday, July 2, 13
11. Section 1 The Status of Biomass in Egypt Energy in Egypt WoodFuel Integration in Egypt Biomass potential in Egypt Waste Management Status 11 Tuesday, July 2, 13
12. ๏In Egypt the total biomass resources potential reaches 40 million Ton / year (2002). [5] ๏The biomass resources contribute more than 3.6 MTOE / year (primary energy). [5] ๏Biomass Contribution expected to increase in the future Due to the expected applications of the efficient new modern technologies.[5] Note: The above figures are based on the year 2002 as mentioned in reference [5] Biomass potential in Egypt 12 Tuesday, July 2, 13
13. • Note: The above figures are based on the year 2002 as mentioned in reference [5] Projects Status Small-scale(family) biogas plants 1- 800 small biogas digesters installed in Egypt, less than 50% of them are in operation. 2- Approximately 80 new plants are constructed every year. 3- The total potential for small biogas plants: more than 1 million units. 4- Most of the small biogas plants are installed by rural families. Large-scale biogas plants 1- Biogas activities have not moved away from the laboratory or pilot scale. 2- Only few larger plants have been constructed. One of them was a 170 m3 digester in EL-Giza Army Camp.(1980) 3- At present there are no activities in Egypt on large scale biogas plants. 4- possibility for selling excess power to the grid An important proposal for the success of large biomass projects Plant Residues Briquetting Systems 1- Plant residues are considered the most important traditional fuel in the Egyptian rural area. 2- The biomass laboratories have been equipped with an advanced briquetting system to convert plant residues into an alternative solid fuel. Biomass potential in Egypt 13 Tuesday, July 2, 13
14. Section 1 The Status of Biomass in Egypt Energy in Egypt WoodFuel Integration in Egypt Biomass potential in Egypt Waste Management Status 14 Tuesday, July 2, 13
15. Based on: WISDOM – East Africa Woodfuel Integrated Supply/Demand Overview Mapping (WISDOM) Methodology. Report, August 2005 WoodFuel Integration in Egypt 15 Tuesday, July 2, 13
16. WoodFuel Integration in Egypt Woody Biomass Density Map Source[4] 16 Tuesday, July 2, 13
17. WoodFuel Integration in Egypt Woody Biomass Density Map Source[4] 17 Tuesday, July 2, 13
18. WoodFuel Integration in Egypt Woody Biomass Density Map Source[4] 18 Tuesday, July 2, 13
19. Section 1 The Status of Biomass in Egypt Energy in Egypt WoodFuel Integration in Egypt Biomass potential in Egypt Waste Management Status 19 Tuesday, July 2, 13
20. From My Point of View “ Waste is one of Egypt undiscovered Treasuries which is under estimated and treated with ignorance as a business case ” 20 Waste Management Status Tuesday, July 2, 13
21. THE SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT SITUATION IN EGYPT (2010) Source[5] 21 Tuesday, July 2, 13
22. THE SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT SITUATION IN EGYPT (2010) Source[5] 22 Tuesday, July 2, 13
23. THE SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT SITUATION IN EGYPT (2010) Source[5] 23 Tuesday, July 2, 13
24. SECTION 2 BIOMASS CHALLENGES & INITIATIVES ๏Political and Organizational Challenges ๏Technical Challenges 24 Tuesday, July 2, 13
25. Executive Chairman Solar Thermal Power Generation Sector Deputy Chairman for Administrative & Financial Affairs Human Resources & Administration Sector Financial Affairs & Logistics Sector Administrative Affairs Dept. Human Resources Dept. Economic & Commercial Affairs Sector Finance & Foreign Fund Dept. .Documentation & Information Center Dept. Chairman of the Board Minister of Electricity & Energy Budget Dept. Maintenance Dept. Operation of Solar Plant Dept. Measurement Tools & Control System Dept. Operation Dept. Operation of Solar Plant Operation & Maintenance Sector Projects Sector Biomass Dept. Engineering Studies Economic & Environmental Dept. Testing Dept. Studies, Researches & Testing Sector Photovoltaic Dept. Solar Thermal & Energy Conservation Dept. Dept. Wind Energy Dept. Deputy Chairman for Projects & Operation Deputy Chairman for Technical Affairs, studies & Researches Financial Affairs Dept. Procurement & Stores Dept. Technical Affairs Sector Training & Promotion Dept. Foreign Relations & Agreements Dept. Planning & Follow-up Dept. Legal Affairs Dept. Administrative & Financial Performance Monitoring Dept. Executive Secretary of Board Members Administration & Organization Dept. Security Dept. Follow-Up Dept. Public Relations Dept. Citizens Services Dept. Safety & Occupational Health Dept. Designs and Specifications Dept. Project Implementation Dept. Source[7] 25 Tuesday, July 2, 13
26. Executive Chairman Solar Thermal Power Generation Sector Deputy Chairman for Administrative & Financial Affairs Human Resources & Administration Sector Financial Affairs & Logistics Sector Administrative Affairs Dept. Human Resources Dept. Economic & Commercial Affairs Sector Finance & Foreign Fund Dept. .Documentation & Information Center Dept. Chairman of the Board Minister of Electricity & Energy Budget Dept. Maintenance Dept. Operation of Solar Plant Dept. Measurement Tools & Control System Dept. Operation Dept. Operation of Solar Plant Operation & Maintenance Sector Projects Sector Biomass Dept. Engineering Studies Economic & Environmental Dept. Testing Dept. Studies, Researches & Testing Sector Photovoltaic Dept. Solar Thermal & Energy Conservation Dept. Dept. Wind Energy Dept. Deputy Chairman for Projects & Operation Deputy Chairman for Technical Affairs, studies & Researches Financial Affairs Dept. Procurement & Stores Dept. Technical Affairs Sector Training & Promotion Dept. Foreign Relations & Agreements Dept. Planning & Follow-up Dept. Legal Affairs Dept. Administrative & Financial Performance Monitoring Dept. Executive Secretary of Board Members Administration & Organization Dept. Security Dept. Follow-Up Dept. Public Relations Dept. Citizens Services Dept. Safety & Occupational Health Dept. Designs and Specifications Dept. Project Implementation Dept. Source[7] 25 Tuesday, July 2, 13
27. Legal Framework • Egypt doesn’t have a solid waste management (SWM)law. Source[6] Source[7] Political and Organizational Challenges 26 Tuesday, July 2, 13
28. Technical Challenges 27 Source[5] Tuesday, July 2, 13
29. SECTION 2 BIOMASS CHALLENGES & INITIATIVES Bioenergy for Sustainable Rural Development ( Biomass) 2009-2014 source [8] 28 Tuesday, July 2, 13
30. Bioenergy for Sustainable Rural Development ( Biomass) 2009-2014 Start Date 2009 Duration 5 years Budget 4,916, 795 EGP The goal of the project is to facilitate and accelerate the market development for new bioenergy technologies (BET) in Egypt. 29 Tuesday, July 2, 13
31. Bioenergy for Sustainable Rural Development ( Biomass) 2009-2014 30 Tuesday, July 2, 13
32. Bioenergy for Sustainable Rural Development ( Biomass) 2009-2014 31 Tuesday, July 2, 13
33. Bioenergy for Sustainable Rural Development ( Biomass) 2009-2014 32 Tuesday, July 2, 13
34. Section 3 Personal Criticism For the Biomass status in Egypt Source: www.theparisreview.org/blog/tag/criticism/ 33 Tuesday, July 2, 13
35. Personal Criticism On the Biomass Situation in Egypt • Availability of Annual studies For • Biomass Assessment • Renewable Energy • Political Address for Biomass as a renewable resource of energy ( as solar and Wind). • Local R&D potential • Large scale projects planning • Wast Management Mechanisms 34 Tuesday, July 2, 13
36. 35 Tuesday, July 2, 13
37. References and Resources [1] Plinius the Elder (Caius Plinius Secundus); Naturalis Historiae, Book II (77). Koller et al., Nature, 425: 784 (2003). [2] Wikipedia, Pyrolysis webpage: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyrolysis [3] International Energy Agency, Egypt Profile and Statistics , Webpage: www.iea.org/stats/countryresults.asp? COUNTRY_CODE=EG&Submit=Submit [4] FAO – Forestry Department – Wood Energy,WISDOM – East Africa Woodfuel Integrated Supply/Demand Overview Mapping (WISDOM) Methodology, Webpage: http://www.fao.org/docrep/009/j8227e/j8227e07.htm#TopOfPage [5] JCEE Egyptian German Joint Committee, Implementing Renewable Energy Technologies in Egypt 2002, Webpage:www.jcee-eg.net/libDetails.asp?catid=&newsid=&eventid=&page=2&typeID=2 [6] The Regional Solid Waste Exchange of Information and Expertise network in Mashreq and Maghreb countries, COUNTRY REPORT ON THE SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT EGYPT, July 2010. Webpage: www.sweep-net.org/ckfinder/ userfiles/files/country-profiles/rapport-Egypte-en.pdf [7] New and Renewable Energy Authority, annual report 2011-2012. Webpage: www.nrea.gov.eg/english1.html [8] Bioenergy for Sustainable Rural Development ( Biomass) 2009-2014 Webpage: www.egyptbiomass.com/index.html Contact: mohamed.mamdouh.labib@uni-oldenburg.de 36 Tuesday, July 2, 13
38. Source: http://www.sharm-club.com/excursions_sharm_el_sheikh/luxor_overnight.htm 37 Tuesday, July 2, 13