Introduction to MongoDB

Introduction to MongoDB presentation by Shiva Thirumazhusai

Transcript

1. January 19, 2011 Shiva Thirumazhusai namachi@nasotech.com CTO, Nasotech LLC Introduction to MongoDB 1 Sunday, January 30, 2011
2. Introduction to MongoDB January 19, 2011 Slide 2 2 Sunday, January 30, 2011
3. January 19, 2011 Slide 3 Why MongoDB ? Document-oriented  Documents (objects) map nicely to programming language data types  Embedded documents and arrays reduce need for joins  Dynamically-typed (schemaless) for easy schema evolution  No joins and no (multi-object) transactions for high performance and easy scalability High performance  No joins and no transactions makes reads and writes fast  Indexes with indexing into embedded documents and arrays  Optional asynchronous writes High availability  Replicated servers with automatic master failover Easy scalability  Eventually-consistent reads are distributed over replicated servers  Automatic sharding (auto-partitioning of data across servers)  Reads and writes are distributed over shards  No joins and no transactions make distributed queries easy and fast Rich query language 3 Sunday, January 30, 2011
4. Key Features January 19, 2011 Slide 4 Schemaless Horizontally scalable Focused on performance 4 Sunday, January 30, 2011
5. MongoDB in Production January 19, 2011 Slide 5 5 Sunday, January 30, 2011
6. Mongo data model January 19, 2011 Slide 6 A Mongo system holds a set of databases A database holds a set of collections A collection holds a set of documents A document is a set of fields A field is a key-value pair A key is a name (string) A value is a  basic type like string, integer, float, timestamp, binary, etc.,  a document, or  an array of values 6 Sunday, January 30, 2011
7. The Document Mindset January 19, 2011 Slide 7 7 Sunday, January 30, 2011
8. Dynamic Queries January 19, 2011 Slide 8 8 Sunday, January 30, 2011
9. Query operators January 19, 2011 Slide 9 $ne $not $in $or $nin $gt $mod $gte $all $lt $size $lte $exists $elemMatch 9 Sunday, January 30, 2011
10. Atomic Updates January 19, 2011 Slide 10 10 Sunday, January 30, 2011
11. Update operators January 19, 2011 Slide 11 $inc $set $push $pushAll $pop $pull $pullAll $addToSet 11 Sunday, January 30, 2011
12. try.mongodb.org January 19, 2011 Slide 12 12 Sunday, January 30, 2011
13. A MongoDB Ecosystem January 19, 2011 Slide 13 Officially‐supported drivers Java Ruby PHP Python Perl C# C,C++ 13 Sunday, January 30, 2011
14. Community Support January 19, 2011 Slide 14 Community‐supported drivers Scala(mostJVM langauges) Node.js Erlang Haskell Smalltalk Lua Go 14 Sunday, January 30, 2011
15. Map-Reduce January 19, 2011 Slide 15 15 Sunday, January 30, 2011
16. JSON-style Documents represented as BSON January 19, 2011 Slide 16 {“hello” : “world”} \x16\x00\x00\x00\x02hello \x00\x06\x00\x00\x00world \x00\x00 16 Sunday, January 30, 2011
17. bsonspec.org January 19, 2011 Slide 17 17 Sunday, January 30, 2011
18. TCP/IP Wire Protocol January 19, 2011 Slide 18 18 Sunday, January 30, 2011
19. Flexible “Schemas” January 19, 2011 Slide 20 {“author”: “mike”, “text”: “...”} {“author”: “eliot”, “text”: “...”, “tags”: [“mongodb”]} 19 Sunday, January 30, 2011
20. Unique ID January 19, 2011 Slide 21 Special key Present in all documents Unique across a Collection Any type you want _id 20 Sunday, January 30, 2011
21. Post January 19, 2011 Slide 22 {author: “mike”, date: new Date(), text: “my blog post...”, Tags: [“mongodb”, “intro”]} 21 Sunday, January 30, 2011
22. Comment January 19, 2011 Slide 23 {author: “eliot”, date: new Date(), text: “great post!”} 22 Sunday, January 30, 2011
23. New Post January 19, 2011 Slide 24 post = {author:“mike”, date: new Date(), text: “my blog post...”, tags: [“mongodb”, “intro”]} db.posts.save(post) 23 Sunday, January 30, 2011
24. Embedding a Comment January 19, 2011 Slide 25 c = {author: “eliot”, date: new Date(), text: “great post!”} db.posts.update({_id: post._id}, {$push: {comments: c}}) 24 Sunday, January 30, 2011
25. Posts by Author January 19, 2011 Slide 26 db.posts.find({author:“mike”}) 25 Sunday, January 30, 2011
26. Last 10 Posts January 19, 2011 Slide 27 db.posts.find() .sort({date:‐1}) .limit(10) 26 Sunday, January 30, 2011
27. Posts Since April 1 January 19, 2011 Slide 28 april_1 = new Date(2010, 3, 1) db.posts.find({date: {$gt: april_1}}) 27 Sunday, January 30, 2011
28. Posts Ending With ‘Tech’ January 19, 2011 Slide 29 db.posts.find({text: /Tech$/}) 28 Sunday, January 30, 2011
29. Posts With a Tag January 19, 2011 Slide 30 db.posts.find({tags:“mongodb”}) ...and Fast (multi‐keyindexes) db.posts.ensureIndex({tags:1}) 29 Sunday, January 30, 2011
30. Indexing / Querying on Embedded Docs January 19, 2011 Slide 31 db.posts.ensureIndex({“comments.author”: 1}) db.posts.find({“comments.author”: “eliot”}) 30 Sunday, January 30, 2011
31. Counting Posts January 19, 2011 Slide 32 db.posts.count() db.posts.find({author: “mike”}).count() 31 Sunday, January 30, 2011
32. Basic Paging January 19, 2011 Slide 33 page = 2 page_size = 15 db.posts.find().limit(page_size) .skip(page * page_size) 32 Sunday, January 30, 2011
33. Migration: Adding Titles (just start adding them) January 19, 2011 Slide 34 post = {author: “mike”, date: new Date(), text: “another blog post...”, tags: [“mongodb”], title: “MongoDB for Fun and Profit”} post_id = db.posts.save(post) 33 Sunday, January 30, 2011
34. Advanced Queries January 19, 2011 Slide 35 $gt, $lt, $gte, $lte, $ne, $all, $in, $nin db.posts.find({$where: “this.author == ‘mike’ || this.title == ‘foo’”}) 34 Sunday, January 30, 2011
35. SQL to Mongo Mapping Chart - 1 January 19, 2011 Slide 36 35 Sunday, January 30, 2011
36. SQL to Mongo Mapping Chart - 1 January 19, 2011 Slide 37 36 Sunday, January 30, 2011
37. SQL to Mongo Mapping Chart - 1 January 19, 2011 Slide 38 37 Sunday, January 30, 2011
38. January 19, 2011 Slide 39 38 Sunday, January 30, 2011
39. January 19, 2011 Slide 40 39 Sunday, January 30, 2011
40. Resources January 19, 2011 Slide 19 Documentation http://mongodb.org Books http://10gen.com/books MongoDB User List mongodb‐user Google group IRC #mongodb Support info@10gen.com 40 Sunday, January 30, 2011
41. Object ID Specification BSON ObjectID Specification A BSON ObjectID is a 12-byte value consisting of a 4-byte timestamp (seconds since epoch), a 3-byte machine id, a 2-byte process id, and a 3-byte counter. Note that the timestamp and counter fields must be stored big endian unlike the rest of BSON. This is because they are compared byte-by-byte and we want to ensure a mostly increasing order. Here's the schema: 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 time time time time machine machine machine pid pid inc inc inc 41 Sunday, January 30, 2011
42. Shiva Thirumazhusai namachi@nasotech.com CTO, Nasotech LLC Introduction to MongoDB 42 Sunday, January 30, 2011