Web Components

Web Components are like Lego bricks. Easy to assemble and every piece simply fits together. But there is even more to it. Being able to create your own HTML-Tags with encapsulated style & logic changes the way you think about structuring your web applications. Get a sneak peek on how to develop scalable & maintainable applications in the future.

1. Web Components
2. Who is this guy? nikgraf www.nikgraf.com nik@blossom.io Web Components
3. How to Use <html> <head> <link rel="import" href="/path/calendar.html"> </head> <body> <custom-calendar></custom-calendar> </body> </html> index.html Web Components
4. Web Components
5. How to Use <html> <head> <link rel="import" href="/path/to/map.html"> </head> <body> <open-street-map location-x=”13.252601623535156” location-y=”52.45077881417044” zoom=”5”> </open-street-map> </body> </html> index.html Web Components
6. Web Components
7. Web Component Web Components
8. Why? Component Component Component • Encapsulation • Reusability • Composability Web Components
9. Easier and Faster Prototyping <bootstrap-modal> <h2>Welcome to Berlin</h2> <open-street-map location-x=”13.252601623535156” location-y=”52.45077881417044” zoom=”5”> </open-street-map> </bootstrap-modal> Web Components
10. Web Component • HTML Templates inert chunks of clonable DOM • Custom Elements create new HTML elements • Shadow DOM encapsulation & boundaries inside of DOM • HTML Imports import html documents Web Components
11. Client Side Templating <script id="clock-template" type="text/x-type-template"> <span class=”hour”></span>: <span class=”minute”></span> </script> HTML encourages run-time string parsing (.innerHTML) user-supplied data → Cross-site scripting Web Components
12. HTML Templates <template id="clock-tmpl"> <span class=”hour”></span>: <span class=”minute”></span> </template> <script> var template = document.querySelector("#clock-tmpl"); // comment is a DocumentFragment var comment = template.content.cloneNode(true); </script> Web Components HTML
13. HTML Templates Web Components Working directly with the DOM no runtime script parsing, smaller XSS attack vector Hidden from document cannot traverse into its DOM via JavaScript Content gets parsed, not rendered <script> tags aren’t executed, images aren't loaded, media doesn't play, etc.
14. “ ” Shadow DOM Web Components Shadow DOM gives us markup encapsulation, style boundaries, and exposes (to web developers) the same mechanics browsers vendors have been using to implement their internal UI. Eric Bidelman
15. Shadow DOM Web Components Let’s dig deeper
16. Web Components
17. Shadow DOM <div id="clock"></div> <script> var host = document.querySelector('#clock'); // use webkitCreateShadowRoot for now var shadowRoot = host.createShadowRoot(); shadowRoot.innerHTML = "<span>14</span>: <span>30</span>"; </script> Web Components HTML
18. Shadow DOM <h2>Black header</h2> <script> var host = document.createElement('div'); var shadowRoot = host.createShadowRoot(); var content = "<style>h2 {color: red}</style>"; content += "<h2>Red header</h2>"; shadowRoot.innerHTML = content; document.body.appendChild(host); </script> Black header Red header Web Components HTML
19. Shadow DOM shadowRoot.resetStyleInheritance = false; shadowRoot.applyAuthorStyles = false; @host { *:hover { color: red }; } <span pseudo="x-hour"></span> <my-clock id=”clock”></my-clock> <style> #clock::x-hour { color: blue; } </style> Web Components HTML Component CSS clock.html Template index.html
20. Custom Elements var ClockPrototype = Object.create(HTMLElement.prototype); ClockPrototype.createdCallback = function() { this.impl.textContent = "14:20"; }; var Clock = document.register('custom-clock', { prototype: ClockPrototype }); var clock = new Clock(); // adds <custom-clock>14:20</custom-clock> to the DOM document.body.appendChild(clock); Web Components tick_tock_clock.html
21. <link rel="import" href="clock.html"> <script> var link = document.querySelector('link[rel=import]'); var content = link.import.querySelector('#clock'); </script> HTML Imports Web Components <div id="clock"> <span class=”hour”>14</span>: <span class=”minute”>30</span> </div> clock.html index.html
22. Web Component Web Components <template id="clock-tmpl"> <span class=”hour”>14</span>: <span class=”minute”>30</span> </template> <script> var ClockProto = Object.create(HTMLElement.prototype); ClockProto.createdCallback = function() { var template = document.querySelector('#clock-tmpl'); var shadowRoot = this.createShadowRoot(); var clone = template.content.cloneNode(true); shadowRoot.appendChild(clone); }; document.register('my-clock', {prototype: ClockProto}); </script> <link rel="import" href="clock.html"> <my-clock></my-clock> clock.html index.html
23. Use Web Components today Web Components
24. Web Component (Polymer.js) Web Components <polymer-element name="my-clock"> <template> <span class=”hour”>14</span>: <span class=”minute”>30</span> </template> <script>Polymer('my-clock');</script> </polymer-element> <link rel="import" href="clock.html"> <my-clock></my-clock> clock.html index.html
25. Think Big Web Components <login-form></login-form>
26. Thanks for listening! nikgraf www.nikgraf.com nik@blossom.io Web Components
27. Further Reading Web Components Web Components http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fqULJBBEVQE https://dvcs.w3.org/hg/webcomponents/raw-file/57f8cfc4a7dc/explainer/index.html HTML Templates http://www.html5rocks.com/en/tutorials/webcomponents/template/ https://dvcs.w3.org/hg/webcomponents/raw-file/tip/spec/templates/index.html HTML Imports http://robdodson.me/blog/2013/08/20/exploring-html-imports/ https://dvcs.w3.org/hg/webcomponents/raw-file/tip/spec/imports/index.html
28. Further Reading Web Components Shadow DOM http://www.html5rocks.com/en/tutorials/webcomponents/shadowdom/ http://www.html5rocks.com/en/tutorials/webcomponents/shadowdom-201/ http://www.html5rocks.com/en/tutorials/webcomponents/shadowdom-301/ http://glazkov.com/2011/01/14/what-the-heck-is-shadow-dom/ https://dvcs.w3.org/hg/webcomponents/raw-file/tip/spec/shadow/index.html Custom Elements http://www.html5rocks.com/en/tutorials/webcomponents/customelements/ https://dvcs.w3.org/hg/webcomponents/raw-file/tip/spec/custom/index.html Resources Web Components https://plus.google.com/103330502635338602217/posts Lego Bricks http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:2_duplo_lego_bricks.jpg Polymer Architecture http://www.polymer-project.org/ Icons http://pictos.cc/