What is AI? - Jerusalem

The idea of R2D2 or Johnny5 resonated in my childhood and left me craving like many for conscious technology. Turing's test is seen as setting the bar for when we will actually find general AI, and there is a debate that his test was passed in 2014 by Eugene Goostman. It is also debated whether it's the right test for AGI. With technology like self-driving cars, and increased conversation regarding computers taking jobs, there is a resurgence in excitement and fear around the idea of AI. This talk is designed to drive discussion about what is AI and where is all this leading us.

Transcript

1. Melanie Warrick | Skymind | @nyghtowl
2. @nyghtowl AI?
3. What is it? - optimal learning agents - intelligence - consciousness @nyghtowl
4. AI Components perception | sensing | input cognition | thinking | process reaction | output @nyghtowl
5. AI Definition Range ANI | Narrow AGI | General ASI | Super @nyghtowl
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10. Artificial General Intelligence | AGI human level AI | strong AI | full AI - IQ - self-awareness? patterns all the way down... @nyghtowl
11. Turing Test
12. Turing Test => Chatbots “Eugene Goostman” - 2014 - imitate 13 Ukranian boy - convinced 33% of judges Examples - ELIZA (1966) - Chato - A.L.I.C.E (pattern matching / not reasoning) - Siri & Cortana - VIV @nyghtowl
13. Chinese Room
14. @nyghtowl Hardware Road to AGI 10 quadrillion (10^16) cps & 20W 34 quadrillion (34^16) cps & 24MW 200 hz neuron speed microprocessor 2GHz (10 x) speed memory fades RAM & long-term more precise sleep required 24/7
15. @nyghtowl Software Road to AGI - whole brain emulation = Open Worm (302) - genetic algorithms = breeding algorithms - recursive algorithms = learn & update itself
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18. @nyghtowl Singularity | ASI superintelligence - recursive self-improvement - intelligence explosion - last human invention avg predictions ~ 2040
19. @nyghtowl ASI Extremes Extinction Immortality
20. @nyghtowl ANI Pitfalls
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24. @nyghtowl ANI Upside
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28. @nyghtowl Last Points - AI = learning & adaptation - research focus on unsupervised - ASI changes everything
29. @nyghtowl References: • Neural Information Processing Systems Foundation https://nips.cc • The AI Revolution: The Road to Superintellgience http://waitbutwhy.com/2015/01/artificial-intelligence-revolution-1.html • Deep Learning for AI http://research.microsoft.com/en-US/people/deng/ieee-icassp-plenary-2016-mar24-lideng-posted. pdf • The Coming Technological Singularity: How to Survive the Post-Human Era https://www-rohan.sdsu. edu/faculty/vinge/misc/singularity.html • The Chinese Room Argument http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/chinese-room/#6 • Artificial Intelligence A Modern Approach http://www.cin.ufpe.br/~tfl2/artificial-intelligence-modern-approach. 9780131038059.25368.pdf • Artificial Intelligence: ‘Homo sapiens will be split into a handful of gods and the rest of us’ • http://www.theguardian.com/business/2015/nov/07/artificial-intelligence-homo-sapiens-split-handful-gods • The Future of Employment: How Susceptible Are Jobs to Computerization? http://www.oxfordmartin.ox.ac. uk/downloads/academic/The_Future_of_Employment.pdf • The Turing Test Measures Something But It’s Not “Intelligence” http://www.smithsonianmag.com/innovation/turing-test- measures-something-but-not-intelligence-180951702/?no-ist • Nick Bostrom: What happens when our computers get smarter than we are? https://www.ted. com/talks/nick_bostrom_what_happens_when_our_computers_get_smarter_than_we_are?language=en • Deeplearning.net • Everything You Know About Artificial Intelligence is Wrong http://gizmodo.com/everything-you-know-about-artificial- intelligence-is-wr-1764020220
30. References: @nyghtowl • Nature of Code: Neural Networks http://natureofcode.com/book/chapter-10-neural-networks/ • Neural Nets and Deep Learning http://neuralnetworksanddeeplearning.com/ • Neural Nets Demystified (Welch) http://www.welchlabs.com/blog/ • Theano Tutorial http://deeplearning.net/software/theano/tutorial/index.html#tutorial • “The State of Deep Learning in 2014” https://speakerdeck.com/ogrisel/the-state-of-deep-learning-in-2014 • “Hacker’s Guide to Neural Nets” https://karpathy.github.io/neuralnets/ • “Automated Image Capturing with ConvNets and Recurrent Nets” (Karpathy) http://cs.stanford. edu/people/karpathy/sfmltalk.pdf • Deep Learning Book http://www.deeplearningbook.org/ • Learning from Data http://work.caltech.edu/lectures.html#lectures • Convolutional Networks for Visual Recognition http://cs231n.github.io/ • Networks and Deep Learning http://neuralnetworksanddeeplearning.com/ • We’ve Put a Worm’s Mind in a Lego Robot’s Body http://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/weve-put-worms-mind- lego-robot-body-180953399/?no-ist • How can the various machine learning algorithms be classified summarized... https://www.quora.com/How-can-the- various-machine-learning-algorithms-be-classified-summarized-according-to-the-problems-they-solve • How Google’s AI breakthroughs are putting us on a path to narrow AI http://www.techrepublic.com/article/how-googles-ai- breakthroughs-are-putting-us-on-a-path-to-narrow-ai/ • Deep Learning for AI http://research.microsoft.com/en-US/people/deng/ieee-icassp-plenary-2016-mar24-lideng-posted. pdf
31. @nyghtowl • http://www.wired.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/siri-ft.jpg • http://qz.com/656104/a-fleet-of-trucks-just-drove-themselves-across-europe/ • http://www.google.com/selfdrivingcar/images/home-where.jpg • http://i.telegraph.co.uk/multimedia/archive/02122/WILLIAM-SHAKESPEAR_2122089b.jpg • https://karpathy.github.io/2015/05/21/rnn-effectiveness/ • http://static.artdiscover.com/img/news/340_2_l.jpeg • http://users.clas.ufl.edu/glue/longman/1/einstein.html • https://pbs.twimg.com/media/CJm9HmfVEAEXU0c.jpg:large • http://i.telegraph.co.uk/multimedia/archive/03370/broadway2_3370419k.jpg • https://hbr.org/resources/images/article_assets/2015/05/R1506D_MCAFEE_WHENWORKERSFALLBEHIND.png • http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,1992403,00.html • http://www.smithsonianmag.com/innovation/turing-test-measures-something-but-not-intelligence-180951702/?no-ist • http://www.informatik.uni-rostock.de/~sb564/ai4ie/2012/ • http://time.com/3734332/chappie-artificial-intelligence-robot-movies/ • http://waitbutwhy.com/2015/12/the-tail-end.html • http://venturebeat.com/2015/05/28/pinterest-improves-related-pins-with-deep-learning-plans-product-recommendations- using-object-recognition/ • https://encrypted-tbn1.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn: ANd9GcTDO5Om_hEOg4GOSXFxuCg0tUn9caEiIjJYlCMhH1LBx84GAsqcGw • https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/HAL9000.svg/2000px-HAL9000.svg.png • http://vignette1.wikia.nocookie.net/clash-of-the-titans/images/a/a2/Bubo_prop.jpg/revision/latest?cb=20120509170953 • https://encrypted-tbn2.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcTfHxkPwRbHQEKNcG9ff-IA_xqu7i7WVVDosL0EsiNeU1qELG_1 References: Images
32. @nyghtowl • http://venturebeat.com/2015/05/28/pinterest-improves-related-pins-with-deep-learning-plans-product-recommendations- using-object-recognition/ • http://www.boredpanda.com/truth-facts-funny-graphs-wumo/ • http://www.wallpaperup. com/uploads/wallpapers/2014/05/20/354801/big_thumb_9d23130fdb6c766d17341651056138c1.jpg • http://waitbutwhy.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/Square21-1024x1012.jpg • https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/d87d88cbe84e827eba0c96a362eaff5c5a0917e2/0_0_4512_2709/master/4512.jpg? w=620&q=85&auto=format&sharp=10&s=2bcd04760c603e5dd7526a617a9ab4fb • http://vignette1.wikia.nocookie.net/memoryalpha/images/4/48/Scotty_uses_a_mouse.jpg/revision/latest? cb=20070914125438&path-prefix=en • https://www.photoshopgurus.com/forum/attachments/general-photoshop-board/55667d1431462431t-image-watermark- help-infinity-watermark_zpsfqz0orji-png • http://infinity.voith.com/application/media/images/vp_infinity-symbol_1000x570.jpg • http://www.omerohome.com/sites/default/files/products/Antique%20Beam%20200%20%2B%20years%20old%20from% 20Provence%20Region.jpg • http://cheesegod.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/05/33.jpg • http://www.slideshare.net/amcafee/mc-afee-econ-data • http://www.smithsonianmag.com/innovation/turing-test-measures-something-but-not-intelligence-180951702/?no-ist • https://encrypted-tbn3.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcRw1A-yCAQ_r8AfFwakWr7YQHzt8peDBR_l7sUkhjFFLT3b0-lD_A • http://vignette3.wikia.nocookie.net/p__/images/4/44/Rosie.jpg/revision/latest?cb=20120305141357&path- prefix=protagonist • http://tfwiki.net/mediawiki/images2/thumb/3/37/Optimusg1.jpg/350px-Optimusg1.jpg • http://waitbutwhy.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/Intelligence2-1024x836.png References: Images
33. @nyghtowl • http://images6.fanpop.com/image/photos/37600000/Transparent-Baymax-big-hero-6-37653146-415-500.png • http://images.huffingtonpost.com/2012-04-19-Data2copy.jpg • https://www.sideshowtoy.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/08/902246-product-silo.png • http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-hTpZ_PyEMmk/VUDkCl7U_vI/AAAAAAAAF-I/pUpv4VP9TdY/s1600/ex-machina- 551ea2c2d06c1.png • http://cdn.90sfest.com/90s-fest/wp-content/uploads/90sfest-terminator-connect-with-us.png • http://fc08.deviantart.net/fs30/f/2008/074/2/e/Mr_Smith_Stencil_by_Six_Hundred.png • http://pre12.deviantart.net/9b39/th/pre/f/2012/127/d/b/ghost_in_the_shell___tachikoma_png_format_by_vlader08- d4yuso3.png • http://t05.deviantart.net/A2r3vd3ir9dXrUnuwnQkw8flLL4=/300x200/filters:fixed_height(100,100):origin() /pre15/f1f4/th/pre/f/2013/052/c/6/sci_fi_lost_in_space_robot_by_geekeboy-d5vrphc.png • http://i1126.photobucket.com/albums/l613/benjamin_161/Vectores/Bender.png • http://vignette2.wikia.nocookie.net/starwars/images/6/68/BB8-Fathead.png/revision/latest/scale-to-width-down/500? cb=20150908052432 • http://icons.iconseeker.com/png/fullsize/doctor-who/k9.png • http://waitbutwhy.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/Intelligence.jpg • http://pop.h-cdn.co/assets/16/10/1600x851/gallery-1457537960-alphago.PNG • https://i.ytimg.com/vi/iJ3ygrRMBX4/maxresdefault.jpg • http://m.mediapost.com/publications/13/RobbieRobot-c.jpg • http://syntheticremarks.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/02/johnny5-short-circuit.png • http://www.r2kt.com/top20robots/hhmarvin_large.jpg • https://scontent.cdninstagram.com/hphotos-xap1/t51.2885- 15/s320x320/e15/10899024_892370980797830_936588702_n.jpg References: Images
34. @nyghtowl • http://www.fastcocreate.com/3048944/this-worlds-first-artificially-intelligent-ad-is-a-test-of-automated-creativity/1 • http://www.autonews.com/article/20150824/OEM06/308249984/autonomous-driving-and-the-law:--whos-responsible- when-theres-a • http://www.futuretimeline.net/blog/ai-robots-blog.htm#.Vy612qMrLdQ • http://www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencetech/article-3440694/Drones-taught-search-missing-people-AI-software-works- quadcopters-explore-forests-woods.html • http://www.dailytech.com/ExSiri+CEO+Poaches+Apple+to+Create+Viv+The+Global+Brain/article36387.htm References: Images
35. @nyghtowl Special Thanks • Alison Lowndes • Leonid Shamis • Chris Nichols • Alex Black • Paco Nathan • Ian Goodfellow • Adam Gibson • Jason Morrison • Lindsay Cade • Natalie Cleaver • Erin O’Connell • Adam Shinn • Isabel Markl • Li Deng • Zack Lipton • Marissa Marquez • Kelley Robinson • Jana Thompson
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