イーサリアムスケーリングの背景と概要

Transcript

1. ΠʔαϦΞϜεέʔϦϯάͷ
   എܠͱ֓ཁ
   2018/4/26 Osuke
   

   View Slide

2. Osuke
   @zoom_zoomzo
   - blog
   - dApp
   - twitter
   - ϑϦʔϥϯε
   - 2017೥ळࠒ͔ΒϒϩοΫνΣʔϯΛษڧ
   - ౦޻େੜ໋ཧ޻ֶ෦ଔ
   

   View Slide

3. 1ɽεέʔϥϏϦςΟɾτϦϨϯϚ
   
   2ɽεέʔϦϯάιϦϡʔγϣϯ
   
   ɹ2.1ɹSidechains
   
   ɹ2.2ɹState Channels
   
   ɹ2.3ɹSharding
   

   View Slide

4. 1. Scalablity Trilemma
   

   View Slide

5. Scalablity Trilemma
   2ͭͷཁૉΛຬͨ͢ͷ͸Մೳ͚ͩͲɺ
   
   3ͭಉ࣌ʹຬͨ͢ͷ͕೉͍͠ʂ
   ௿ίετͰωοτϫʔΫʹࢀՃՄೳ
   े෼ʹ߈ܸίετ͕ߴ͍
   ωοτϫʔΫશମͰߴ͍ॲཧೳྗ
   ෼ࢄੑɿ
   ҆શੑɿ
   εέʔϥϏϦςΟɿ
   

   View Slide

6. ݱঢ়͸ɾɾɾ
   εέʔϥϏϦςΟ
   ෼ࢄੑ ҆શੑ
   ෼ࢄੑͱ҆શੑΛߴਫ४ʹอͬͨ··
   
   εέʔϥϏϦςΟΛ৳͹͍͖͍ͯͨ͠ʂ
   ݕূϊʔυͷܭࢉϦιʔε͕
   
   ϘτϧωοΫʹɻ
   

   View Slide

7. 1ɽ෼ࢄੑɿϊʔυʹඞཁͳܭࢉϦιʔεΛ௿͘อͭͨΊʹɺ
   
   ʢBlock Gas LimitΛ্͛ͯ͸μϝʣ
   
   2ɽ҆શੑɿίϯηϯαεͷηΩϡϦςΟΛอͪɺ
   
   ʢϋογϡύϫʔΛ௿Լͤͯ͞͸μϝʣ
   
   3ɽεέʔϥϏϦςΟɿωοτϫʔΫશମͰΑΓߴ͍ॲཧೳྗΛ࣋ͭ
   εέʔϥϏϦςΟ
   ෼ࢄੑ ҆શੑ
   →ϝΠϯνΣʔϯͰͷݕূ࡞ۀΛ࠷খԽ͢Δඞཁੑ
   →શͯͷTxΛશͯͷϊʔυ͕ݕূ͠ͳͯ͘ࡁΉΑ͏ͳํ๏
   

   View Slide

8. S S*
   Tx
   ঢ়ଶͱ͸ɺ
   
   - ΞΧ΢ϯτ࢒ߴ
   
   - φϯε
   
   - EVMίʔυϋογϡ
   
   - ετϨʔδϧʔτ
   
   →ϒϩοΫνΣʔϯͷঢ়ଶΛม͑Δ͜ͱʹ
   ܭࢉϦιʔε͕ඞཁʹͳΔ
   ͦ΋ͦ΋ͳͥϊʔυ͸ܭࢉϦιʔε͕ඞཁͳͷ͔
   →τϥϯβΫγϣϯɾϒϩοΫΛݕূ͢Δ͜ͱʹ
   
   ܭࢉϦιʔε͕ඞཁʹͳΔ
   →ΠʔαϦΞϜ͸εςʔτϚγϯ
   

   View Slide

9. ϒϩοΫνΣʔϯͷঢ়ଶભҠΛ࠷খݶʹ͢Δ
   ΠʔαϦΞϜʹ͓͚ΔεέʔϦϯά͸ɺ
   ͱ͍͏Ξϓϩʔν
   

   View Slide

10. 2ɽΠʔαϦΞϜͷεέʔϦϯάιϦϡʔγϣϯ
    ɾ1st layer → Sharding
    
    ɾ2nd layer → Sidechains, State Channels
    

    View Slide

11. 2.1ɹSidechains
    

    View Slide

12. Global State
    
    ʢ҆શʣ
    Local State
    
    ʢ҆શ͡Όͳ͍ʣ
    S0 → S1 →ɾɾɾ Sn
    தؒঢ়ଶભҠ
    Flaud Proofsɿ
    
    ෆਖ਼ߦҝʹର͢Δਖ਼౰ੑͷূ໌
    Sidechains (Plasma)
    αΠυνΣʔϯ
    →ϒϩοΫνΣʔϯͷঢ়ଶભҠΛ࠷খݶʹ
    

    View Slide

13. 2.2 State Channels
    

    View Slide

14. Global State
    
    ʢ҆શʣ
    தؒঢ়ଶભҠ
    State Channels (Raiden Network)
    S0 → S1 →ɾɾɾ→ Sn-1 → Sn
    OPEN
    CLOSE
    →ϒϩοΫνΣʔϯͷঢ়ଶભҠΛ࠷খݶʹ
    

    View Slide

15. Global State
    
    ʢ҆શʣ
    தؒঢ়ଶભҠ
    State Channels (Raiden Network)
    ࠷৽Ͱ͸ͳ͍StateΛ
    
    ίϛοτ͠Α͏ͱ͢ΔͱϖφϧςΟʂ
    S0 → S1 →ɾɾɾ→ Sn-1 → Sn
    →ϒϩοΫνΣʔϯͷঢ়ଶભҠΛ࠷খݶʹ
    

    View Slide

16. 2.3 Sharding
    

    View Slide

17. Sharding
    shard_id: 0 shard_id: 1 shard_id: 99
    όϦσʔλʔ
    ɾɾɾ
    state: S0 state: S1 state: S99
    →ݕূΛฒྻԽͯ͠ܭࢉ
    →ϒϩοΫνΣʔϯͷঢ়ଶભҠΛ࠷খݶʹ
    Global State
    

    View Slide

18. Sharding
    shard_id: 0 shard_id: 1 shard_id: 99
    ɾɾɾ
    T = 1
    

    View Slide

19. Sharding
    shard_id: 0 shard_id: 1 shard_id: 99
    ɾɾɾ
    T = 2
    

    View Slide

20. Sharding
    shard_id: 0 shard_id: 1 shard_id: 99
    ɾɾɾ
    T = 3
    

    View Slide

21. Ethereum 2.0
    • Sharding
    
    • Casper
    
    • Stateless Clients
    Sidechains
    • Plasma
    
    • Cosmos
    
    • Parity Bridge
    Truebit
    State Channels
    
    • Raiden Network
    
    • Counterfactual
    
    • FunFair
    
    …etc
    off-chain interactive verification
    εέʔϦϯάϓϩδΣΫτ
    

    View Slide

22. ΠʔαϦΞϜεέʔϦϯάͷϞνϕʔγϣϯ
    ෼ࢄੑͱ҆શੑΛ٘ਜ਼ʹ͢Δͷ͸NG
    ϝΠϯνΣʔϯͰͷόϦσʔγϣϯ࡞ۀʢঢ়ଶભҠʣΛ࠷খԽ
    ϝΠϯνΣʔϯͱͷ҆શͳStateͷಉظ͕՝୊
    

    View Slide