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イーサリアムスケーリングの背景と概要
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Osuke
April 26, 2018
Technology
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イーサリアムスケーリングの背景と概要
Osuke
April 26, 2018
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Transcript
ΠʔαϦΞϜεέʔϦϯάͷ എܠͱ֓ཁ 2018/4/26 Osuke
Osuke @zoom_zoomzo - blog - dApp - twitter - ϑϦʔϥϯε
- 2017ळࠒ͔ΒϒϩοΫνΣʔϯΛษڧ - ౦େੜ໋ཧֶ෦ଔ
1ɽεέʔϥϏϦςΟɾτϦϨϯϚ 2ɽεέʔϦϯάιϦϡʔγϣϯ ɹ2.1ɹSidechains ɹ2.2ɹState Channels ɹ2.3ɹSharding
1. Scalablity Trilemma
Scalablity Trilemma 2ͭͷཁૉΛຬͨ͢ͷՄೳ͚ͩͲɺ 3ͭಉ࣌ʹຬͨ͢ͷ͕͍͠ʂ ίετͰωοτϫʔΫʹࢀՃՄೳ ेʹ߈ܸίετ͕ߴ͍ ωοτϫʔΫશମͰߴ͍ॲཧೳྗ ࢄੑɿ ҆શੑɿ εέʔϥϏϦςΟɿ
ݱঢ়ɾɾɾ εέʔϥϏϦςΟ ࢄੑ ҆શੑ ࢄੑͱ҆શੑΛߴਫ४ʹอͬͨ·· εέʔϥϏϦςΟΛ৳͍͖͍ͯͨ͠ʂ ݕূϊʔυͷܭࢉϦιʔε͕ ϘτϧωοΫʹɻ
1ɽࢄੑɿϊʔυʹඞཁͳܭࢉϦιʔεΛ͘อͭͨΊʹɺ ʢBlock Gas LimitΛ্͛ͯμϝʣ 2ɽ҆શੑɿίϯηϯαεͷηΩϡϦςΟΛอͪɺ ʢϋογϡύϫʔΛԼͤͯ͞μϝʣ 3ɽεέʔϥϏϦςΟɿωοτϫʔΫશମͰΑΓߴ͍ॲཧೳྗΛ࣋ͭ εέʔϥϏϦςΟ ࢄੑ ҆શੑ
→ϝΠϯνΣʔϯͰͷݕূ࡞ۀΛ࠷খԽ͢Δඞཁੑ →શͯͷTxΛશͯͷϊʔυ͕ݕূ͠ͳͯ͘ࡁΉΑ͏ͳํ๏
S S* Tx ঢ়ଶͱɺ - ΞΧϯτߴ - φϯε - EVMίʔυϋογϡ
- ετϨʔδϧʔτ →ϒϩοΫνΣʔϯͷঢ়ଶΛม͑Δ͜ͱʹ ܭࢉϦιʔε͕ඞཁʹͳΔ ͦͦͳͥϊʔυܭࢉϦιʔε͕ඞཁͳͷ͔ →τϥϯβΫγϣϯɾϒϩοΫΛݕূ͢Δ͜ͱʹ ܭࢉϦιʔε͕ඞཁʹͳΔ →ΠʔαϦΞϜεςʔτϚγϯ
ϒϩοΫνΣʔϯͷঢ়ଶભҠΛ࠷খݶʹ͢Δ ΠʔαϦΞϜʹ͓͚ΔεέʔϦϯάɺ ͱ͍͏Ξϓϩʔν
2ɽΠʔαϦΞϜͷεέʔϦϯάιϦϡʔγϣϯ ɾ1st layer → Sharding ɾ2nd layer → Sidechains, State
Channels
2.1ɹSidechains
Global State ʢ҆શʣ Local State ʢ҆શ͡Όͳ͍ʣ S0 → S1 →ɾɾɾ
Sn தؒঢ়ଶભҠ Flaud Proofsɿ ෆਖ਼ߦҝʹର͢Δਖ਼ੑͷূ໌ Sidechains (Plasma) αΠυνΣʔϯ →ϒϩοΫνΣʔϯͷঢ়ଶભҠΛ࠷খݶʹ
2.2 State Channels
Global State ʢ҆શʣ தؒঢ়ଶભҠ State Channels (Raiden Network) S0 →
S1 →ɾɾɾ→ Sn-1 → Sn OPEN CLOSE →ϒϩοΫνΣʔϯͷঢ়ଶભҠΛ࠷খݶʹ
Global State ʢ҆શʣ தؒঢ়ଶભҠ State Channels (Raiden Network) ࠷৽Ͱͳ͍StateΛ ίϛοτ͠Α͏ͱ͢ΔͱϖφϧςΟʂ
S0 → S1 →ɾɾɾ→ Sn-1 → Sn →ϒϩοΫνΣʔϯͷঢ়ଶભҠΛ࠷খݶʹ
2.3 Sharding
Sharding shard_id: 0 shard_id: 1 shard_id: 99 όϦσʔλʔ ɾɾɾ state:
S0 state: S1 state: S99 →ݕূΛฒྻԽͯ͠ܭࢉ →ϒϩοΫνΣʔϯͷঢ়ଶભҠΛ࠷খݶʹ Global State
Sharding shard_id: 0 shard_id: 1 shard_id: 99 ɾɾɾ T =
1
Sharding shard_id: 0 shard_id: 1 shard_id: 99 ɾɾɾ T =
2
Sharding shard_id: 0 shard_id: 1 shard_id: 99 ɾɾɾ T =
3
Ethereum 2.0 • Sharding • Casper • Stateless Clients Sidechains
• Plasma • Cosmos • Parity Bridge Truebit State Channels • Raiden Network • Counterfactual • FunFair …etc off-chain interactive verification εέʔϦϯάϓϩδΣΫτ
ΠʔαϦΞϜεέʔϦϯάͷϞνϕʔγϣϯ ࢄੑͱ҆શੑΛ٘ਜ਼ʹ͢ΔͷNG ϝΠϯνΣʔϯͰͷόϦσʔγϣϯ࡞ۀʢঢ়ଶભҠʣΛ࠷খԽ ϝΠϯνΣʔϯͱͷ҆શͳStateͷಉظ͕՝