EN_NR-12_SEG._NO_TRAB._MAQ._E_EQUIP_-_Rev._00.pdf

Transcript

1. NR-12 WORK SAFETY IN MACHINES AND EQUIPMENT
2. PROGRAM CONTENT Introduction; Description and identification of the risks associated with each machine and equipment and the specific protections against each of them; How protections work; how and why they should be used; How and under what circumstances can a protection be removed, and by whom? What to do, for example, if a protection has been damaged or has lost its function, no longer guaranteeing adequate safety? The safety principles when using the machine or equipment; Safety for mechanical, electrical and other relevant risks; Safe working method; Work permit; and machine and equipment operation blocking system during inspection, cleaning, lubrication and maintenance operations.
3. NR 12 and its annexes define technical references taking into account the fundamental principles and protective measures to guarantee the health and physical integrity of workers. Furthermore, it establishes minimum requirements for the prevention of accidents and occupational diseases in the design and use phases of machines and equipment of all types, and also for their manufacture, import, commercialization, exhibition and transfer for any reason, in all economic activities, without losses and occupational accidents, the standard establishes ideal parameters and concepts for the worker. INTRODUCTION
4. DESCRIPTION AND IDENTIFICATION OF THE RISKS ASSOCIATED WITH EACH MACHINE AND EQUIPMENT AND THE SPECIFIC PROTECTIONS AGAINST EACH OF THEM It is a set of parts capable of producing movement or putting a form of energy into action to perform work. Equipment: is any machine, device or tool used at work to support people. Let's see about each one?
5. Manufacturer data Emergency stop button Be grounded Acrylic protection on the drill part Trapping your hand or clothing in the moving part Risk of foreign body in the eye BENCH DRILLING MACHINE
6. Manufacturer data Support handle Disk protection Disc lock key NOTE: You cannot use anything to hit the disc lock nut. Trapping your hand or clothing in the moving part Risk of foreign body in the eye Disc breakage GRINDER AND SANDER NOTE: These are devices that differ in terms of power.
7. Manufacturer data Structure in perfect condition Grounding cable Soldering pen or tweezers in prefect condition Electric and gas cable in good condition Thermal burn or conjunctival or corneal burn Skin burn WELDING MACHINE NOTE: This equipment can be 3 for the 3 types.
8. Manufacturer data Structure in perfect condition Grounding cable Jet gun with all components in perfect condition Electric cable in perfect condition Hearing problem Skin lesion HYDROJATO
9. Manufacturer data Structure in perfect condition Grounding cable Emergency stop Control panels in perfect condition Hearing problem Trapping your hand or clothing in the moving part Risk of foreign body in the eye TURNOMECHANIC
10. For the purposes of applying subitems 18.10.1.16 to 18.10.1.44, cranes are considered cranes, including small ones, cranes, gantry cranes, overhead cranes and similar equipment. Craning equipment must be used in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations and the load plan, drawn up by a legally qualified professional and included in the PGR.
11. HOW PROTECTIONS WORK; HOW AND WHY THEY SHOULD BE USED Equipment security is extremely important, as it ensures the protection of both the people using the equipment and the devices themselves. Furthermore, a lack of security can result in significant financial losses, damage to the company's reputation and even serious accidents.
12. Here we have a mechanical lathe, the marked casing aims to prevent pieces of metal from coming towards the operator, we also see the emergency stop button.
13. In the case of a grinder or sander, disc protection has two functions, which are: Direct flying particles to the ground; If the disc breaks, pieces are directed to the floor.
14. In the case of the grinder, the disc protection has two functions, which are: Direct flying particles to the ground; If the disc breaks, pieces are directed to the floor.
15. In the case of the calender we see numerous protections/systems, they are; From the gear; From the roll; Emergency stop button
16. In the case of the electric saw we see numerous protections/systems, they are; From the gear; From the disk; Emergency stop button
17. In the case of the compressor we see numerous protections/safety systems, they are; Protection grid for pulleys and belt; Pressure relief valve; Drain valve.
18. HOW AND UNDER WHAT CIRCUMSTANCES CAN A PROTECTION BE REMOVED, AND BY WHOM? To ensure equipment safety, it is necessary to adopt preventive measures, such as carrying out periodic maintenance, using personal protective equipment (PPE) and maintaining the original protection of parts at risk that are part of the manufacturer's design, implementing safety systems and raising employee awareness in preventing accidents and complying with safety standards.
19. WE ARE SEEING HERE THE IMAGE OF A MACHINERY PACKAGE AND WE HAVE TWO ELECTRIC PUMPS NEXT TO THE MAIN ENGINE, WE HAVE TWO PROTECTED PARTS THAT I SIGNALED WITH AN ARROW. BOTH PROTECTIONS CAN ONLY BE REMOVED FOR MAINTENANCE AND BY A QUALIFIED PROFESSIONAL, THEY ARE: ELECTRICAL BOX AXLE PROTECTION MECHANICAL TECHNICIAN: AXLE PART; ELECTRICAL TECHNICIAN: ELECTRICAL PART.
20. What happened? We see in the illustration that the gear protection was removed due to an accident. The situation we see happens daily in industrial areas around the world, a practice in Brazil that is prohibited according to NR-12.
21. NR-12 WORK SAFETY IN MACHINES AND EQUIPMENT 12.5 Security System. 12.5.10 Machines and equipment that pose a risk of parts breaking or materials, particles or substances being projected must have protections that guarantee the safety and health of workers.
22. WHAT TO DO, FOR EXAMPLE, IF A PROTECTION HAS BEEN DAMAGED OR HAS LOST ITS FUNCTION, NO LONGER GUARANTEEING ADEQUATE SAFETY? Every machine or equipment is evaluated before being manufactured and industrialized, so that points that could cause accidents are protected. Let's see what determines the norm?
23. NR-12 WORK SAFETY IN MACHINES AND EQUIPMENT 12.5 Security System. 12.5.11 Guards must be designed and constructed to meet the following safety requirements: a) perform its functions appropriately during the useful life of the machine or allow the replacement of deteriorated or damaged parts;
24. b) be made of resistant materials suitable for containing projected parts, materials and particles; c) firm fixation and guarantee of stability and mechanical resistance compatible with the required efforts; d) do not create crushing or catching points with parts of the machine or other protections; e) not have sharp edges or other dangerous projections;
25. f) withstand the environmental conditions of the place where they are installed; g) difficult to joke; h) provide hygiene and cleanliness conditions; i) prevent access to the danger area; j) have their interlocking devices adequately protected against dirt, dust and corrosion, if necessary; k) have positive action, that is, act in a positive way; and i) not entail additional risks.
26. SAFETY PRINCIPLES WHEN USING THE MACHINE OR EQUIPMENT Equipment security is essential to ensure the protection of people, the integrity of devices and the continuity of operations. To achieve this, it is necessary to adopt preventive measures and always be up to date on the best security practices. The safety principles in the use of equipment are based on 2 points, they are:
27. The safety principles in the use of equipment are based on 2 points, they are: Training; Tested equipment with safety devices.
28. 12.16 TRAINING 12.16.3 Training must: a) occur before the worker takes up his/her role; b) be carried out at no cost to the worker; c) have a minimum working hours, defined by the employer, which guarantees that workers can carry out their activities safely, carried out during the working day; d) have program content as established in Annex II of this NR; and e) be taught by workers or professionals qualified for this purpose, with supervision by a legally qualified professional who will be responsible for the adequacy of the content, form, workload, qualification of instructors and evaluation of those trained.
29. QUALITY EQUIPMENT There are numerous manufacturers of machines and equipment on the market that must follow the requirements of NR-12. There have been many cases of equipment with poor protection of risk parts, which ended up causing serious accidents. It is extremely important that the employee knows how to observe possible improvements in risk areas so that we can inform the manufacturer about an update to the project.
30. SAFETY FOR MECHANICAL, ELECTRICAL AND OTHER RELEVANT RISKS We saw in previous topics that machines and equipment are smells of dangers and risks that are neutralized or minimized through: Safety sensors/devices; Protection of moving parts; and Trainings etc.
31. Let's better understand the risks below since no equipment works without the following sets: All mechanical parts must be enclosed to prevent technicians or authorized personnel from coming into contact with them. Some equipment has rotating parts exposed because it is necessary for the service, as follows: Drill; Lathe; Strawberry; and Chainsaw etc. All equipment works with electrical power, a form of energy that can be fatal, every power supply system must offer zero risk of accident.
32. SAFE WORKING METHOD Safe work does not only require qualified technicians, as we saw in the topic “Safety principles when using machinery or equipment” Let's see 3 important stages below.
33. Do you know these tools? WORK PERMIT-PT Document that determines minimum safety requirements for non-routine activities, aims to control work in risk areas. PRELIMINARY RISK ANALYSIS-APR Defines and controls the hazards of processes, work and procedures. TASK-AST SECURITY ANALYSIS Document that is prepared with the objective of identifying and neutralizing risks in routine activities. NR-34 CONDITION ... NAVAL 34.2 Responsibilities 34.2.1 It is the employer's responsibility to... and must: d) arrange for the Preliminary Risk Analysis - APR to be carried out and, when applicable, the issuance of the Work Permit - PT;
34. WORK PERMIT-PT Machine and equipment maintenance can pose great risks to everyone involved, making it necessary to complete the documentation part of the previous module. Let's take a closer look at PT based on the standard.
35. NR-34 WORK ENVIRONMENT CONDITIONS IN THE SHIP CONSTRUCTION, REPAIR AND DISMANTLING INDUSTRY Introduction 34.4 Documentation 34.04.02 The Work Permit - PT consists of a written document that contains the set of control measures necessary for the work to be carried out safely, in addition to emergency and rescue measures, and must: a) be issued in three copies, for: posting at the workplace, delivery to the immediate supervisor of the workers who will carry out the work, and filing in a way that can be easily located; b) contain the minimum requirements to be met for the execution of the work and, when applicable, the provisions established in the APR; c) be signed by the members of the work team, immediate supervisor and occupational health and safety professional or, in the absence of such, by the person responsible for compliance with this Standard; d) have validity limited to the duration of the activity, restricted to the work shift, and may be revalidated by the person responsible for approval in situations where there are no changes in the established conditions or in the work team.
36. MACHINE AND EQUIPMENT OPERATION BLOCKING SYSTEM DURING INSPECTION, CLEANING, LUBRICATION AND MAINTENANCE OPERATIONS. Industrialization began in the 18th century, since then the processes have evolved with the introduction of new technologies. Today we are in the current industry 5.0 which gives us fantastic automation and efficiency.
37. Whether in onshore or offshore units, maintenance activities on machinery and equipment are constant and simultaneous, as the units operate 24 hours a day with partial shutdowns. To ensure a safe and necessary repair, we must block any possibility of activating the equipment. For this, we need to have LOTO TAGOUT implemented.
38. Let's see some examples of locking systems? Circuit breaker lockout Locking claw
39. Security label Lock padlock
40. Valve padlock
41. We hope that all content will be a guide for activities involving machines and equipment. May safety always come first!!!