with each machine and equipment and the specific protections against each of them; How protections work; how and why they should be used; How and under what circumstances can a protection be removed, and by whom? What to do, for example, if a protection has been damaged or has lost its function, no longer guaranteeing adequate safety? The safety principles when using the machine or equipment; Safety for mechanical, electrical and other relevant risks; Safe working method; Work permit; and machine and equipment operation blocking system during inspection, cleaning, lubrication and maintenance operations.
account the fundamental principles and protective measures to guarantee the health and physical integrity of workers. Furthermore, it establishes minimum requirements for the prevention of accidents and occupational diseases in the design and use phases of machines and equipment of all types, and also for their manufacture, import, commercialization, exhibition and transfer for any reason, in all economic activities, without losses and occupational accidents, the standard establishes ideal parameters and concepts for the worker. INTRODUCTION
AND EQUIPMENT AND THE SPECIFIC PROTECTIONS AGAINST EACH OF THEM It is a set of parts capable of producing movement or putting a form of energy into action to perform work. Equipment: is any machine, device or tool used at work to support people. Let's see about each one?
You cannot use anything to hit the disc lock nut. Trapping your hand or clothing in the moving part Risk of foreign body in the eye Disc breakage GRINDER AND SANDER NOTE: These are devices that differ in terms of power.
or tweezers in prefect condition Electric and gas cable in good condition Thermal burn or conjunctival or corneal burn Skin burn WELDING MACHINE NOTE: This equipment can be 3 for the 3 types.
are considered cranes, including small ones, cranes, gantry cranes, overhead cranes and similar equipment. Craning equipment must be used in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations and the load plan, drawn up by a legally qualified professional and included in the PGR.
Equipment security is extremely important, as it ensures the protection of both the people using the equipment and the devices themselves. Furthermore, a lack of security can result in significant financial losses, damage to the company's reputation and even serious accidents.
AND BY WHOM? To ensure equipment safety, it is necessary to adopt preventive measures, such as carrying out periodic maintenance, using personal protective equipment (PPE) and maintaining the original protection of parts at risk that are part of the manufacturer's design, implementing safety systems and raising employee awareness in preventing accidents and complying with safety standards.
AND WE HAVE TWO ELECTRIC PUMPS NEXT TO THE MAIN ENGINE, WE HAVE TWO PROTECTED PARTS THAT I SIGNALED WITH AN ARROW. BOTH PROTECTIONS CAN ONLY BE REMOVED FOR MAINTENANCE AND BY A QUALIFIED PROFESSIONAL, THEY ARE: ELECTRICAL BOX AXLE PROTECTION MECHANICAL TECHNICIAN: AXLE PART; ELECTRICAL TECHNICIAN: ELECTRICAL PART.
protection was removed due to an accident. The situation we see happens daily in industrial areas around the world, a practice in Brazil that is prohibited according to NR-12.
12.5.10 Machines and equipment that pose a risk of parts breaking or materials, particles or substances being projected must have protections that guarantee the safety and health of workers.
DAMAGED OR HAS LOST ITS FUNCTION, NO LONGER GUARANTEEING ADEQUATE SAFETY? Every machine or equipment is evaluated before being manufactured and industrialized, so that points that could cause accidents are protected. Let's see what determines the norm?
12.5.11 Guards must be designed and constructed to meet the following safety requirements: a) perform its functions appropriately during the useful life of the machine or allow the replacement of deteriorated or damaged parts;
parts, materials and particles; c) firm fixation and guarantee of stability and mechanical resistance compatible with the required efforts; d) do not create crushing or catching points with parts of the machine or other protections; e) not have sharp edges or other dangerous projections;
are installed; g) difficult to joke; h) provide hygiene and cleanliness conditions; i) prevent access to the danger area; j) have their interlocking devices adequately protected against dirt, dust and corrosion, if necessary; k) have positive action, that is, act in a positive way; and i) not entail additional risks.
is essential to ensure the protection of people, the integrity of devices and the continuity of operations. To achieve this, it is necessary to adopt preventive measures and always be up to date on the best security practices. The safety principles in the use of equipment are based on 2 points, they are:
takes up his/her role; b) be carried out at no cost to the worker; c) have a minimum working hours, defined by the employer, which guarantees that workers can carry out their activities safely, carried out during the working day; d) have program content as established in Annex II of this NR; and e) be taught by workers or professionals qualified for this purpose, with supervision by a legally qualified professional who will be responsible for the adequacy of the content, form, workload, qualification of instructors and evaluation of those trained.
on the market that must follow the requirements of NR-12. There have been many cases of equipment with poor protection of risk parts, which ended up causing serious accidents. It is extremely important that the employee knows how to observe possible improvements in risk areas so that we can inform the manufacturer about an update to the project.
in previous topics that machines and equipment are smells of dangers and risks that are neutralized or minimized through: Safety sensors/devices; Protection of moving parts; and Trainings etc.
without the following sets: All mechanical parts must be enclosed to prevent technicians or authorized personnel from coming into contact with them. Some equipment has rotating parts exposed because it is necessary for the service, as follows: Drill; Lathe; Strawberry; and Chainsaw etc. All equipment works with electrical power, a form of energy that can be fatal, every power supply system must offer zero risk of accident.
minimum safety requirements for non-routine activities, aims to control work in risk areas. PRELIMINARY RISK ANALYSIS-APR Defines and controls the hazards of processes, work and procedures. TASK-AST SECURITY ANALYSIS Document that is prepared with the objective of identifying and neutralizing risks in routine activities. NR-34 CONDITION ... NAVAL 34.2 Responsibilities 34.2.1 It is the employer's responsibility to... and must: d) arrange for the Preliminary Risk Analysis - APR to be carried out and, when applicable, the issuance of the Work Permit - PT;
to everyone involved, making it necessary to complete the documentation part of the previous module. Let's take a closer look at PT based on the standard.
DISMANTLING INDUSTRY Introduction 34.4 Documentation 34.04.02 The Work Permit - PT consists of a written document that contains the set of control measures necessary for the work to be carried out safely, in addition to emergency and rescue measures, and must: a) be issued in three copies, for: posting at the workplace, delivery to the immediate supervisor of the workers who will carry out the work, and filing in a way that can be easily located; b) contain the minimum requirements to be met for the execution of the work and, when applicable, the provisions established in the APR; c) be signed by the members of the work team, immediate supervisor and occupational health and safety professional or, in the absence of such, by the person responsible for compliance with this Standard; d) have validity limited to the duration of the activity, restricted to the work shift, and may be revalidated by the person responsible for approval in situations where there are no changes in the established conditions or in the work team.
AND MAINTENANCE OPERATIONS. Industrialization began in the 18th century, since then the processes have evolved with the introduction of new technologies. Today we are in the current industry 5.0 which gives us fantastic automation and efficiency.
and equipment are constant and simultaneous, as the units operate 24 hours a day with partial shutdowns. To ensure a safe and necessary repair, we must block any possibility of activating the equipment. For this, we need to have LOTO TAGOUT implemented.
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