2FA, WTF? at Identity and Security Meetup

Everyone is hacking everything. Everything is vulnerable. Your site, your users, even you. Are you worried about this? You should be!

Don't worry, I'm not trying to scare you (that much). We have plenty of safeguards against attempts on our applications' user data. We all (hopefully) recognise Two Factor Auth as one of those safeguards, but what actually goes on under the hood of 2FA?

We'll take a look into generating one time passwords, implementing 2FA in web applications and the only real-life compelling use case for QR codes. Together, we'll make the web a more secure place.

Transcript

1. 2FA, WTF?
2. HACKERS
3. ARE
4. EVERYWHERE
8. Phil Nash @philnash http:/ /philna.sh philnash@twilio.com @philnash
9. 2FA, WTF?
10. PART 1 THE HORRIFYING REALITY OF PASSWORD SECURITY
12. nash
13. I WAS HACKED
14. YOUR ACCOUNT IS ONLY AS SECURE AS YOUR WEAKEST PASSWORD
15. MAT HONAN
16. Mat Honan's Hackers' Timeline 1. Found Gmail address on his personal site 2. Entered address in Gmail and found his @me.com back up email 3. Called Amazon to add a credit card to file 4. Called Amazon again to reset password and got access 5. 4:33pm: called Apple to reset password 6. 4:50pm: reset AppleID password and gained access to email @philnash
17. Mat Honan's Hackers' Timeline 7. 4:52pm: reset Gmail account password 8. 5:01pm: wiped iPhone 9. 5:02pm: reset Twitter password 10. 5:05pm: wiped MacBook and deleted Google account 11. 5:12pm: posted to Twitter taking credit for the hack @philnash
18. @MAT
19. https:/ /twitter.com/TheTimeCowboy/status/287536855828795393 @philnash
20. STRONGER PASSWORDS
21. ARE HARDER TO REMEMBER
22. REUSE
23. ASHLEY MADISON
24. TOP 5 PASSWORDS
25. 5) 123456789
26. 4) DEFAULT
27. 3) password
28. 2) 12345
29. 1) 123456
30. Ashley Madison Top 10 Passwords 1. 123456 - 120,511 users 2. 12345 - 48,452 users 3. password - 39,448 users 4. DEFAULT - 34,275 users 5. 123456789 - 26,620 users 6. qwerty - 20,778 users 7. 12345678 - 14,172 users 8. abc123 - 10,869 users 9. NSFW - 10,683 users 10. 1234567 - 9,468 users Source: http:/ /qz.com/501073/the-top-100-passwords-on-ashley-madison/ @philnash
31. MARK ZUCKERBURG
32. dadada
33. I WAS HACKED
34. @philnash
35. Compromised sites • Adobe • Yahoo • LinkedIn • Tumblr • MySpace • DropBox • Bitly • Disqus @philnash
36. @philnash
37. @philnash
39. YOUR USERS ARE ONLY AS SECURE AS THEIR WEAKEST PASSWORD
40. PART 2 SMS, SS7, OTP, 2FA
41. 2FA
42. TWO FACTOR AUTHENTICATION
43. Two Factor Authentication 2FA is a security process in which a user provides two different forms of identification in order to authenticate themself with a system. The two forms must come from different categories. Normally something you know and something you have. @philnash
44. SMS, TOKENS, PUSH
45. SMS
46. 2FA import random random_num = random.randint(0, 999999) code = str(random_num).rjust(6, "0") user.login_code = code user.save() 01. 02. 03. 04. 05. 06. @philnash
47. 2FA from twilio.rest import Client import os client = Client(os.environ['ACCOUNT_SID'], os.environ['AUTH_TOKEN']) message = client.messages.create( to=user.phone_number, from_=os.environ['PHONE_NUMBER'], body=f'Your login code is {code}') 01. 02. 03. 04. 05. 06. 07. 08. @philnash
48. SMS: Pros Almost everyone in the world can receive SMS messages @philnash
49. SMS: Cons Costs per message Requires signal SMS is broken @philnash
50. PART 2.1 THE HORRIFYING REALITY OF SMS SECURITY
51. SOCIAL ENGINEERING
53. IF YOU CAN ACCESS AN ACCOUNT WITH JUST ONE FACTOR IT'S NOT 2FA
54. SS7
55. 2FA OVER SMS IS STILL BETTER THAN JUST PASSWORDS
56. TOKENS
57. HOTP + TOTP
58. @philnash
59. HOTP HOTP(K,C) = Truncate(HMAC(K,C)) & 0x7FFFFFFF HOTP-Value = HOTP(K,C) mod 10d @philnash
60. DEMO
61. https:/ /github.com/pyauth/pyotp @philnash
62. SHARING SECRETS
63. QR code otpauth:/ /TYPE/LABEL?PARAMETERS otpauth:/ /totp/2FAWTF:philnash@twilio.com? secret=JBSWY3DPEHPK3PXP&issuer=2FAWTF @philnash
64. DEMO
65. Tokens: Pros Free to use Works offline @philnash
66. Tokens: Cons Requires a smart phone Needs backup codes to recover account QR codes can be intercepted @philnash
67. PUSH
69. Push: Pros Much better user experience Most secure @philnash
70. Push: Cons Requires a smart phone Requires a native app Requires more work on your web application Can't use offline @philnash
71. https:/ /twitter.com/status_updates/status/656435611289653248 @philnash
72. SUMMARY
73. USERS ARE BAD WITH PASSWORDS
74. OTHER WEBSITES ARE BAD WITH PASSWORDS
75. 2FA CAN BE PUSH, TOKEN OR SMS
76. 2FA IS FOR YOUR USERS
78. 2FA, WTF?
79. 2FA, FTW!
80. THANKS!
82. Thanks! @philnash http:/ /philna.sh philnash@twilio.com @philnash