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A Circular Nanoslit as a Spin-to-Orbital Angular Momentum Converter

A Circular Nanoslit as a Spin-to-Orbital Angular Momentum Converter

Scientific talk I gave at Physics@FOM Veldhoven 2012.

Philip Chimento

January 23, 2012
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Transcript

  1. A Circular Nanoslit as a
    Spin-to-Orbital Angular
    Momentum Converter
    Philip Chimento
    Gert ‘t Hooft
    Eric Eliel

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  2. Suspicious
    behavior in
    subwavelength
    slits

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  3. Chimento, Kuzmin, Bosman, et al. (2011). Opt. Expr. 19 (24), 24219.
    Slit in a metal film

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  4. Chimento, Kuzmin, Bosman, et al. (2011). Opt. Expr. 19 (24), 24219.
    Slit in a metal film
    Subwavelength
    in one direction
    “Infinite” in the other

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  5. Chimento, Kuzmin, Bosman, et al. (2011). Opt. Expr. 19 (24), 24219.
    Almost ideal metal
    TM
    TE
    Slit width in λ

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  6. Chimento, Kuzmin, Bosman, et al. (2011). Opt. Expr. 19 (24), 24219.
    Real metal
    TM
    TE
    Slit width in λ

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  7. Chimento, Kuzmin, Bosman, et al. (2011). Opt. Expr. 19 (24), 24219.
    Real metal
    If designed carefully,
    there is a point where the
    slit is a quarter-wave plate
    Analyzer rotation
    Input state
    Measured output

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  8. Photo credit: Dandelion And Burdock, Flickr
    We roll the slit up
    into a circle

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  9. Space-variant λ/4 plate

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  10. Space-variant λ/4 plate
    TM
    TM
    TE
    TE

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  11. Space-variant λ/4 plate
    Input: circular polarization
    σ+ state

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  12. Space-variant λ/4 plate
    Output: ?

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  13. Transmitted polarization state
    Schematic

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  14. Transmitted intensity
    Experiment

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  15. Transmitted polarization state
    Left-handed elliptical
    Right-handed elliptical
    Ellipticity <10%
    Experiment

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  16. Photo credit: Cayusa, Flickr
    Where did the spin
    angular momentum
    disappear to?

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  17. Cylindrical symmetry means
    no angular momentum is
    transferred to the plate
    Photo credit: pixaio, sxc.hu

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  18. Fascinating!
    What does the far field
    look like?

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  19. Far field
    Angle
    Angle
    Intensity (arb. units)

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  20. Far field
    Angle
    Angle
    Intensity (arb. units)
    No hole in
    the middle!

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  21. Far field
    Component with the same
    handedness as the input (σ+)
    Component with opposite
    handedness to the input (σ−)

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  22. Phase of central spot
    Component with the same
    handedness as the input (σ+)
    Component with opposite
    handedness to the input (σ−)

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  23. A proper calculation
    mode
    con-
    verter
    ѫ
    +, = ѫ+
    , =
    ѫ
    −, =

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  24. A proper calculation
    mode
    con-
    verter
    +TQJO = −
    I
    +PSCJU =
    I
    +TQJO = +
    I
    +PSCJU =
    ѫ
    +, = ѫ+
    , =
    ѫ
    −, =

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  25. A proper calculation
    mode
    con-
    verter
    +TQJO = −
    I
    +PSCJU =
    I
    +TQJO = +
    I
    +PSCJU =
    Total angular momentum
    remains the same!
    ѫ
    +, = ѫ+
    , =
    ѫ
    −, =

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  26. We found,
    constructed, and
    understood a novel
    spin-to-orbit angular
    momentum coupling
    device.

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  27. View Slide

  28. View Slide

  29. Orbital angular momentum
    ⟨Jspin
    ⟩ = 0
    ⟨Jorbit
    ⟩ = ̵
    h

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