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Fast Python, Slow Python by Alex Gaynor
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PyCon 2014
April 12, 2014
Programming
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2.6k
Fast Python, Slow Python by Alex Gaynor
PyCon 2014
April 12, 2014
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Transcript
Fast Python, Slow Python Alex Gaynor
About me • Core developer of Django, PyPy, CPython, etc.
• Director of the Python Software Foundation • Work at Rackspace (Thanks!)
A talk about two things
What is performance?
Why do we care about performance?
Lies, damned lies, and benchmarks
Performance is specialization.
Systems performance
What is Python?
What Python Isn’t • Cython • C • Numba •
RPython
Excuses time
Dynamic typing
You can monkey patch anything
Slow vs Harder to optimize
PyPy
$ python! >>> print 2! 2! $ pypy! >>>> print
2! 2!
Let’s make a deal
How can we specialize our code?
Let’s talk about C
struct Point {! double x;! double y;! double z;! };!
class Point(objet):! def __init__(self, x, y, z):! self.x = x!
self.y = y! self.z = z!
point = {! "x": x,! "y": y,! "z": z,! }!
Dictionaries vs. Objects
std::unordered_map<std::string, double> point;! point["x"] = x;! point["y"] = y;! point["z"]
= z;!
Why don’t we care?
if [hex, bytes, bytes_le, fields, int].count(None) != 4:! raise TypeError('need
exactly one argument')!
if [hex, bytes, bytes_le, fields, int].count(None) != 4:! raise TypeError('need
exactly one argument')!
if (! (hex is None) + (bytes is None) +
(bytes_le is None) +! (fields is None) + (int is None)! ) != 4:! raise TypeError!
Python makes everything easier
Let’s talk about strings
char *data = malloc(1025);! while (true) {! size_t n =
read(fd, data, 1024);! data[n] = '\0';! char *start = data;! while (start < data + n) {! if (isspace(*start)) {! break;! }! start++;! }! printf("%s\n", start);! }!
while True:! data = os.read(fd, 1024)! print data.lstrip()!
Zero Buffer
from zero_buffer import Buffer! ! b = Buffer.allocate(8192)! with open(path,
"rb") as f:! b.read_from(f.fileno())! for part in b.view().split(b":"):! part.write_to(sys.stdout.fileno())! sys.stdout.write('\n')!
https://zero-buffer.readthedocs.org/ https://warehouse.python.org/project/zero_buffer/
A few more myths • Functions calls are really expensive
• Using only builtin data types will make your code fast • Don’t write Python in the style of Java or C
One Python
I hate heuristics
Let’s take a lesson…
Thank you! Questions? https://speakerdeck.com/alex/