Upgrade to Pro — share decks privately, control downloads, hide ads and more …

What and who are DNS, SMTP, and XMPP?

What and who are DNS, SMTP, and XMPP?

An introduction to the workings of, and the social structures around, three Internet protocols.

Scott Robinson

April 02, 2011
Tweet

More Decks by Scott Robinson

Other Decks in Technology

Transcript

  1. “...organizations which design
    systems ... are constrained to produce
    designs which are copies of the
    communication structures of these
    organizations.”
    Conway’s Law

    View Slide

  2. Communication systems produce
    management organizations which are
    copies of the structures of those
    systems.

    View Slide

  3. Domain Name Service

    View Slide

  4. Ce n'est pas l'Internet.

    View Slide

  5. “It seems about time to put an end to the absurd situation where each
    site on the network must maintain a different, generally out-of-date,
    host list for the use of its own operating system or user programs.
    For example, each of the sites to which I have access has a slightly
    different mapping between host names and host addresses: none is
    complete, and I believe each one differs in some way from the official
    list.
    Since the NIC has responsibility for maintaining the official list, it
    seems appropriate for them to maintain an on-line file, accessible to
    anyone, which lists names and host addresses in an easily machine-
    readable form.”
    L. Peter Deutsch (1973), RFC 606

    View Slide

  6. •OFFICE-1
    •UCSB-MOD75
    •SCRL
    •UTAH-10

    View Slide

  7. •AI.MIT.ARPA
    •F.ISI.ARPA
    •LINKABIT-DCN5.ARPA
    •UDEL.CSNET

    View Slide

  8. View Slide

  9. View Slide

  10. host.domain.tld

    View Slide

  11. •Addresses (A)
    •Mail Exchange (MX)
    •Name servers (NS)

    View Slide

  12. Delegation
    Name Server (NS)
    Record

    View Slide

  13. google.com (A)
    a.root-servers.net
    com (NS)
    a.gtld-servers.net
    a.gtld-servers.net (A)
    192.5.6.30

    View Slide

  14. google.com (A)
    a.gtld-servers.net
    google.com (NS)
    ns1.google.com
    ns1.google.com (A)
    216.239.32.10

    View Slide

  15. google.com (A)
    ns1.google.com
    google.com (A)
    66.102.11.104

    View Slide

  16. •Question
    •Answer (RRs)
    •Authority (RRs)
    •Additional (RRs)

    View Slide

  17. •Name
    “thoughtworks.com”
    •Record Type
    “(A)ddress”
    •Class
    “(IN)ternet”

    View Slide

  18. •Name
    •Type
    •Class
    •Time to Live
    •Data

    View Slide

  19. • Verisign (A, J)
    • ISI (B)
    • Cogent (C)
    • University of
    Maryland (D)
    • NASA ARC (E)
    • ISC (F)
    • US DOD (G)
    • US ARL (H)
    • Netnod (I)
    • RIPE (K)
    • ICANN (L)
    • WIDE (M)

    View Slide

  20. “The United States Government intends to preserve the
    security and stability of the Internet's Domain Name and
    Addressing System (DNS).
    Given the Internet's importance to the world's economy, it is
    essential that the underlying DNS of the Internet remain
    stable and secure.
    As such, the United States is committed to taking no action
    that would have the potential to adversely impact the
    effective and efficient operation of the DNS and will
    therefore maintain its historic role in authorizing changes
    or modifications to the authoritative root zone file.”
    U.S. Principles on the Internet's
    Domain Name and Addressing System

    View Slide

  21. Simple Mail Transport Protocol

    View Slide

  22. 220 thoughtworks.com ready
    HELO macbookpro
    250 spam me

    View Slide

  23. MAIL FROM:
    250 OK

    View Slide

  24. RCPT TO:
    250 OK

    View Slide

  25. DATA
    354 Please end with .
    From: [email protected]
    To: [email protected]
    Subject: myThoughtWorks
    I still like e-mail best.
    .
    250 OK

    View Slide

  26. •HELO
    •MAIL
    •RCPT
    •DATA

    View Slide

  27. Mail-from: DEC-MARLBORO rcvd at 3-May-78 0955-PDT
    Date: 1 May 1978 1233-EDT
    From: THUERK at DEC-MARLBORO
    DIGITAL WILL BE GIVING A PRODUCT PRESENTATION OF THE NEWEST MEMBERS OF THE DECSYSTEM-20
    FAMILY; THE DECSYSTEM-2020, 2020T, 2060, AND 2060T. THE DECSYSTEM-20 FAMILY OF COMPUTERS HAS
    EVOLVED FROM THE TENEX OPERATING SYSTEM AND THE DECSYSTEM-10 COMPUTER ARCHITECTURE.
    BOTH THE DECSYSTEM-2060T AND 2020T OFFER FULL ARPANET SUPPORT UNDER THE TOPS-20 OPERATING
    SYSTEM. THE DECSYSTEM-2060 IS AN UPWARD EXTENSION OF THE CURRENT DECSYSTEM 2040 AND 2050
    FAMILY. THE DECSYSTEM-2020 IS A NEW LOW END MEMBER OF THE DECSYSTEM-20 FAMILY AND FULLY
    SOFTWARE COMPATIBLE WITH ALL OF THE OTHER DECSYSTEM-20 MODELS.
    WE INVITE YOU TO COME SEE THE 2020 AND HEAR ABOUT THE DECSYSTEM-20 FAMILY AT THE TWO PRODUCT
    PRESENTATIONS WE WILL BE GIVING IN CALIFORNIA THIS MONTH. THE LOCATIONS WILL BE:
    TUESDAY, MAY 9, 1978 - 2 PM
    HYATT HOUSE (NEAR THE L.A. AIRPORT)
    LOS ANGELES, CA
    THURSDAY, MAY 11, 1978 - 2 PM
    DUNFEY'S ROYAL COACH
    SAN MATEO, CA
    (4 MILES SOUTH OF S.F. AIRPORT AT BAYSHORE, RT 101 AND RT 92)
    A 2020 WILL BE THERE FOR YOU TO VIEW. ALSO TERMINALS ON-LINE TO OTHER DECSYSTEM-20 SYSTEMS
    THROUGH THE ARPANET. IF YOU ARE UNABLE TO ATTEND, PLEASE FEEL FREE TO CONTACT THE NEAREST
    DEC OFFICE FOR MORE INFORMATION ABOUT THE EXCITING DECSYSTEM-20 FAMILY.

    View Slide

  28. Realtime Blackhole Lists

    View Slide

  29. MAIL FROM:
    250 OK
    RCPT TO:
    250 OK
    DATA
    354 Please end with .
    From: [email protected]
    To: [email protected]
    Subject: [ALL OFFICES] Friday Lunch
    Now extended to all days of the week.
    Dig in!
    .
    250 OK

    View Slide

  30. MAIL FROM
    Sender Policy Framework
    From:
    DomainKeys Identified Mail
    DATA
    Statistical Filtering

    View Slide

  31. Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol

    View Slide

  32. “It started as the typical ‘programmer's
    itch’ -- having multiple friends on
    different IM services, and in general
    just seeing all the possibilities for
    extending an IM platform if it were open.
    Once I got started, I quickly realized
    the immense power of an open extensible
    real-time messaging network, and it grew
    quickly from there.”
    Jeremie Miller

    View Slide

  33. from='[email protected]'
    to='[email protected]'
    xml:lang='en'>

    Art thou not Romeo,
    and a Montague?


    X
    M
    L

    View Slide

  34. to='[email protected]'
    type='subscribe' />
    to='[email protected]'
    type='subscribed' />

    dnd

    Wooing Juliet


    View Slide

  35. to='[email protected]'
    type='result'
    id='roster_1'>
    xmlns='jabber:iq:roster'>
    jid='[email protected]'
    name='Romeo'
    subscription='both'>
    Friends



    View Slide






  36. View Slide

  37. View Slide

  38. XMPP Standards Foundation

    View Slide

  39. fin

    View Slide