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Web サービスの信頼性と運用の自動化について / iot40-rrreeeyyy
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rrreeeyyy
March 08, 2018
Technology
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Web サービスの信頼性と運用の自動化について / iot40-rrreeeyyy
第40回インターネットと運用技術研究発表会の招待講演で『Web サービスの信頼性と運用の自動化について』というタイトルで発表しました。
rrreeeyyy
March 08, 2018
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Transcript
Web αʔϏεͷ৴པੑͱ ӡ༻ͷࣗಈԽʹ͍ͭͯ ΫοΫύουגࣜձࣾ ΠϯϑϥετϥΫνϟʔ෦ SRE άϧʔϓ ٢ ཽଠ (
@rrreeeyyy ) ୈ 40 ճΠϯλʔωοτͱӡ༻ٕज़ݚڀൃදձ (2018/03/05) | Yoshikawa Ryota ( @rrreeeyyy ) 1
Agenda • Site Reliability Engineering (SRE) ʹ͍ͭͯ • SRE ͱ
• ӡ༻ͷݱͱӡ༻ٕज़ݚڀ • ӡ༻ͷࣗಈԽʹ͍ͭͯ • ࣌ܥྻσʔλͷॲཧͱҟৗݕʹ͍ͭͯ ୈ 40 ճΠϯλʔωοτͱӡ༻ٕज़ݚڀൃදձ (2018/03/05) | Yoshikawa Ryota ( @rrreeeyyy ) 2
Me !SSSFFFZZZ !SSSFFFZZZ IUUQTSSSFFFZZZDPN :PTIJLBXB3ZPUB ୈ 40 ճΠϯλʔωοτͱӡ༻ٕज़ݚڀൃදձ (2018/03/05) |
Yoshikawa Ryota ( @rrreeeyyy ) 3
Me • Yoshikawa Ryota ( @rrreeeyyy [reɪ] ) • ిؾ௨৴େֶ
(2010/04 ʙ 2014/03) • ใཧֶ෦ ใɾ௨৴ֶՊ • גࣜձࣾϋʔτϏʔπ (2010/11ʙ2016/12) • MSP ࣄۀ෦ ӡ༻ελοϑɾӡ༻ΤϯδχΞ • ΫοΫύουגࣜձࣾ (2017/01 ʙ) • ΠϯϑϥετϥΫνϟʔ෦ SRE άϧʔϓ ୈ 40 ճΠϯλʔωοτͱӡ༻ٕज़ݚڀൃදձ (2018/03/05) | Yoshikawa Ryota ( @rrreeeyyy ) 4
Me • ిؾ௨৴େֶ (2010/04 ʙ 2014/03) • mruby Λ༻͍ͨLinux ϩʔυόϥϯαΠϯλϑΣʔεͷ࣮Ͱଔۀ
• גࣜձࣾϋʔτϏʔπ (2010/11ʙ2016/12) • ʙઍنͷӡ༻ɾߏஙɾཧΛܦݧ • ϝσΟΞɾήʔϜɾEC ͷ༷ʑͳͷӡ༻Λܦݧ • ΫοΫύουגࣜձࣾ (2017/01 ʙ) • ΠϯϑϥετϥΫνϟʔ෦ SRE άϧʔϓ • ઍنͷγεςϜͷ৴པੑʹؔΘΔ෦શͯΛ୲ ୈ 40 ճΠϯλʔωοτͱӡ༻ٕज़ݚڀൃදձ (2018/03/05) | Yoshikawa Ryota ( @rrreeeyyy ) 5
ୈ 40 ճΠϯλʔωοτͱӡ༻ٕज़ݚڀൃදձ (2018/03/05) | Yoshikawa Ryota ( @rrreeeyyy )
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Site Reliability Engineering ͱ • αΠτͷ৴པੑͷશͯʹൣғΛ࣋ͭɺͱ͢ΔΤϯδχΞϦϯάख๏ • ಛʹɺιϑτΣΞɾγεςϜΤϯδχΞϦϯάΛ༻͍ͯ՝Λղܾ͢Δ • ྫ͑ɺύϑΥʔϚϯε
• ύϑΥʔϚϯεʹ͕͋Δίʔυ SRE ͕ࣗίʔυΛॻ͍ͯमਖ਼͢Δ • ྫ͑ɺεέʔϥϏϦςΟɾΞϕΠϥϏϦςΟ • ਓؒʹΑΔखಈͷ࡞ۀΛίʔυʹΑΓࣗಈԽ͢Δ • نΞΫηε͕૿େͯ҆͠ఆͯ͠αʔϏεΛఏڙͰ͖Δঢ়ଶʹ͢Δ • ΠϯϑϥΤϯδχΞͷൣғ͕૿େͨ͠தͰ͋Δछɺ৬Λ࠶ఆٛͨ͠ͱଊ͍͑ͯΔ ୈ 40 ճΠϯλʔωοτͱӡ༻ٕज़ݚڀൃදձ (2018/03/05) | Yoshikawa Ryota ( @rrreeeyyy ) 7
SRE ͷ׆ಈ SRE ͷ׆ಈେ͖͚ͯ࣍͘ͷ 4 ͭʹྨͰ͖Δͱ͞Ε͍ͯΔ • So#ware Engineering •
Systems Engineering • Toil • Overhead ୈ 40 ճΠϯλʔωοτͱӡ༻ٕज़ݚڀൃදձ (2018/03/05) | Yoshikawa Ryota ( @rrreeeyyy ) 8
SRE ͷ׆ಈ • So#ware Engineering • ίʔυͷ࡞मਖ਼, ͦΕʹؔ࿈͢ΔઃܭυΩϡϝϯςʔγϣϯͷ࡞ۀͳͲ • ࣗಈԽεΫϦϓτͷ࡞,
πʔϧϑϨʔϜϫʔΫͷ࡞ ... • αʔϏεͷ৴པੑΛߴΊΔػೳͷՃ ... • Systems Engineering • 1 ճͷ࡞ۀͰӬଓతͳվળΛੜΉ࣍ͷΑ͏ͳ࡞ۀ • ຊ൪γεςϜͷઃఆมߋ ... • ։ൃνʔϜͷαʔϏεΞʔΩςΫνϟઃܭ ... ୈ 40 ճΠϯλʔωοτͱӡ༻ٕज़ݚڀൃදձ (2018/03/05) | Yoshikawa Ryota ( @rrreeeyyy ) 9
SRE ͷ׆ಈ • Toil • αʔϏεΛՔಇͤ͞ΔͨΊ͚ͩʹ܁Γฦ͠ߦΘΕΔखಈͰͷ࡞ۀ • ظతͳՁΛ࣋ͨͳ͍, αʔϏεͷʹରͯ͠ O(n)
Ͱ͋Δ ... • ͭ·Βͳ͍ࣄͰظతͳՁ͕͋Ε Toil Ͱͳ͍ • Overhead • αʔϏεΛՔಇͤ͞Δ͜ͱʹ݁͠ͳ͍ཧతͳ࡞ۀ • ࠾༻, ϛʔςΟϯά, ධՁ, τϨʔχϯά ... ୈ 40 ճΠϯλʔωοτͱӡ༻ٕज़ݚڀൃදձ (2018/03/05) | Yoshikawa Ryota ( @rrreeeyyy ) 10
ӡ༻ͷݱͱӡ༻ٕज़ݚڀ • ΤϯδχΞϦϯάΛͪΌΜͱΔࣄ͕ݱϨϕϧͰධՁ͞ΕΔΑ͏ʹ • ͜ͷจ຺ͷҰͭͱͯ͠ SRE ͷΑ͏ͳख๏ɾ৬छ͕ग़͖ͯͨͱ͍͏ཧղ • จΛॻ͍ͨΓಡΜͰཧղɾ࣮͢Δࣄ͕ධՁ͞ΕΔΑ͏ʹͳ͖ͬͯͨ •
࣮ࡍͷӡ༻ͷݱͰಡΜͰཧղ͢Δࣄඞཁʹͳ͖ͬͯͨ • ٕज़બఆͷࢦඪͷҰͭͱͯ͠ϛυϧΣΞͷڍಈͷཧղͳͲ • ͍ΘΏΔݚڀ։ൃͷΑ͏ͳ෦Ͱͳͯ͘ৗతʹߦ͏Α͏ʹ • ଟ͘ͷٕज़اۀͰӡ༻ɾϛυϧΣΞͷจ͕ଟ͘ग़ͯ͘ΔΑ͏ʹ ୈ 40 ճΠϯλʔωοτͱӡ༻ٕज़ݚڀൃදձ (2018/03/05) | Yoshikawa Ryota ( @rrreeeyyy ) 11
େखΫϥυϕϯμͷจ • Google, Amazon, Facebook, Ne3lix... • ଞʹେখؔΘΒ༷ͣʑͳاۀ͔Βจ͕ग़͍ͯΔ • USENIX
ͷΧϯϑΝϨϯεͰٕज़اۀ͕ੵۃతʹൃද • FAST, OSDI, Security ... • ΫϥυαʔϏεͷ෦࣮ϛυϧΣΞؔΘΒͣ • ΫϥυαʔϏεͷڍಈΛਖ਼͘͠ཧղ͢ΔͨΊʹจΛಡΉ • ৽͍͠ΞʔΩςΫνϟɾϛυϧΣΞͷબఆͷͨΊʹจΛಡΉ ୈ 40 ճΠϯλʔωοτͱӡ༻ٕज़ݚڀൃදձ (2018/03/05) | Yoshikawa Ryota ( @rrreeeyyy ) 12
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จͷ༰Λ࣮ӡ༻Ͱ͑ΔϛυϧΣΞ • HashiCorp • Vagrant, Terraform Λ࡞͍ͬͯΔϕϯνϟʔ • จͷ༰Λ࣮ӡ༻Ͱ͍͍͢ܗʹམͱ͠ࠐΜͰ͍Δ •
Serf, Consul, Vault • ͜ΕΒͷϛυϧΣΞΛਖ਼͘͠ཧղͯ͠ӡ༻͢ΔͨΊʹจΛಡΉ • ͳͥ Consul ͷϊʔυ࠷ 3 ඞཁͳͷ͔ʁ ୈ 40 ճΠϯλʔωοτͱӡ༻ٕज़ݚڀൃදձ (2018/03/05) | Yoshikawa Ryota ( @rrreeeyyy ) 18
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ΫοΫύουʹ͓͚Δ SRE ͷ׆ಈ ୈ 40 ճΠϯλʔωοτͱӡ༻ٕज़ݚڀൃදձ (2018/03/05) | Yoshikawa Ryota
( @rrreeeyyy ) 22
ΫοΫύουʹ͓͚Δ SRE ͷ׆ಈ • SRE ͱͯ͠ͷ׆ಈΛΫοΫύουͰ༷ʑߦ͍ͬͯΔ • ΫοΫύουͷ SRE ͷ׆ಈΛ͍͔ͭ͘հ
• ৽نαʔϏεʹର͢Δ SRE ͷಈ͖ • ϞχλϦϯάͷվળ • ϩʔυόϥϯγϯάͷվળ • ৽ଔݚम • ... ୈ 40 ճΠϯλʔωοτͱӡ༻ٕज़ݚڀൃදձ (2018/03/05) | Yoshikawa Ryota ( @rrreeeyyy ) 23
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ΫοΫύουʹ͓͚Δ SRE ͷ׆ಈ • SRE ͱͯ͠ͷ׆ಈΛΫοΫύουͰ༷ʑߦ͍ͬͯΔ • ΫοΫύουͷ SRE ͷ׆ಈΛ͍͔ͭ͘հ
• ৽نαʔϏεʹର͢Δ SRE ͷಈ͖ • ϞχλϦϯάͷվળ • ϩʔυόϥϯγϯάͷվળ • ৽ଔݚम • ... ୈ 40 ճΠϯλʔωοτͱӡ༻ٕज़ݚڀൃදձ (2018/03/05) | Yoshikawa Ryota ( @rrreeeyyy ) 25
ϞχλϦϯάͷվળ • େྔͷσʔλΛೖɾॲཧ͢ΔΑ͏ͳ࣌ܥྻσʔλϕʔεͷج൫͖ͬͯͨ • ΫοΫύουͰ Prometheus Λ TSDB ͱͯ͠࠾༻ •
Long-term storage ͱͯ͠ S3 ΛόοΫΤϯυͱͯ͠ݕ౼த • औಘͰ͖ΔϝτϦΫεͷղ૾ͷ্ɾछྨͷ૿ڧ • 15 ඵ୯ҐͷϝτϦΫεऔಘ͕ग़དྷΔΑ͏ʹͳ͍ͬͯΔ • ϚΠΫϩαʔϏεͷαʔϏεؒͷ࿈ܞͷ༷ࢠՄࢹԽΛݕ౼த ୈ 40 ճΠϯλʔωοτͱӡ༻ٕज़ݚڀൃදձ (2018/03/05) | Yoshikawa Ryota ( @rrreeeyyy ) 26
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࣌ܥྻσʔλͷॲཧʹ͍ͭͯ • ͜Ε·Ͱ΄ͱΜͲ੩తͳᮢͰԿͱ͔͍ͯͨ͠ঢ়ଶ • ͜Ε͔Β࣌ܥྻσʔλʹ؆୯ͳ౷ܭతॲཧ͕ࢪͤΔΑ͏ʹ • ઢܗճؼ, ࢦฏԽ, ҠಈฏۉͳͲ... •
ࣄલʹى͖͏Δҟৗ͕͔͍ͬͯΔ࣌ʹΑ͘ಈ͘ • Πϯγσϯτোͷ "ੵΈॏͶ" ͰݕͰ͖ΔΑ͏ʹ • ࣮ࡍʹऔΕΔϝτϦΫε͕૿͑ҟৗ࣌ʹͲ͏ͳΔ͔༧ଌࠔͳࣄ ୈ 40 ճΠϯλʔωοτͱӡ༻ٕज़ݚڀൃදձ (2018/03/05) | Yoshikawa Ryota ( @rrreeeyyy ) 31
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࣌ܥྻσʔλͱҟৗݕ • ࣌ܥྻσʔλͷҟৗ(֎Ε)ݕ༷ʑͳख๏͕طʹݚڀ͞Ε͖͍ͯͯΔ • Gaussian Mixture Model, Isola5on forest ͳͲͳͲ...
• ࣮ࡍͷӡ༻Ͱग़ݱ͢ΔϝτϦΫεͰඇઢܗͳཁૉ͕ଟ͘ग़ݱ͢Δ • ैདྷͷख๏ෳࡶͳඇઢܗมͳͲͷදݱʹऑ͍͜ͱ͕͋ͬͨ • ࠷ۙͷख๏Ͱ CNN Λ༻͍ͯҟৗݕߦ͏Α͏ͳख๏͕ొͨ͠ • ෳͷೖྗ͕͋ΔΑ͏ͳ૬ؔҟৗͰൺֱత؆୯ʹ༧ଌ͢Δࣄ͕Մೳ ୈ 40 ճΠϯλʔωοτͱӡ༻ٕज़ݚڀൃදձ (2018/03/05) | Yoshikawa Ryota ( @rrreeeyyy ) 34
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LSTM ʹΑΔ࣌ܥྻσʔλͷҟৗݕ • LSTM Λ༻͍ͯਖ਼ৗͳ࣌ܥྻσʔλͷֶशΛߦ͏ • ߦֶͬͨशʹج͍ͯɺ࣍ͷσʔλͷ༧ଌΛߦ͏ • ࣮ࡍͷσʔλͱ༧ଌΛൺֱ͢Δ͜ͱͰҟৗΛଌఆ͢Δ •
ֶश͢Δσʔλͷೖྗͱͯ͠ϝτϦΫεҎ֎ʹαʔόͷίϯςΩετΛೖΕΔ • ྫ͑σϓϩΠதɾόον࣮ߦதɾΦʔτεέʔϧத... • ͦͷ࣌ͷαʔόͷίϯςΩετΛؚΊͯ༧ଌΛ࡞ΕΔ • ΑΓαʔόͷঢ়گΛՃຯͨ͠ҟৗΛଌΔ͜ͱ͕ग़དྷΔ ୈ 40 ճΠϯλʔωοτͱӡ༻ٕज़ݚڀൃදձ (2018/03/05) | Yoshikawa Ryota ( @rrreeeyyy ) 38
༧ଌରʹͳΔ࣌ܥྻσʔλͷྫ timestamp,cpu,deploying,autoscaling,batching 2018-03-05 12:00:00,80,1,0,0 2018-03-05 12:00:15,81,1,0,0 2018-03-05 12:00:30,82,1,0,0 2018-03-05 12:00:45,82,1,1,0
2018-03-05 12:01:00,75,1,1,0 2018-03-05 12:01:15,60,1,1,0 2018-03-05 12:01:30,55,1,1,0 2018-03-05 12:01:45,40,0,1,0 2018-03-05 12:02:00,35,0,0,0 • ࣮ࡍʹ Prometheus ͷϥϕϧػೳΛ༻্͍ͯهͷίϯςΩετΛೖྗ ୈ 40 ճΠϯλʔωοτͱӡ༻ٕज़ݚڀൃදձ (2018/03/05) | Yoshikawa Ryota ( @rrreeeyyy ) 39
Keras Λ༻͍࣮ͨɾ࣮ݧ • ϊΠζΛؚ·ͤͨਖ਼ݭΛ LSTM Ͱֶशͤ͞Δ • ݩͱͳͬͨਖ਼ݭʹҟৗΛؚ·ͤΔ • ҟৗͷ͋ΔܗͱֶशࡁΈͷϞσϧ͔Βੜ͞ΕͨܗͷೋޡࠩΛऔΔ
• ߋʹ࣮ࡍʹલϖʔδͷ࣌ܥྻσʔλΛֶशͯ͠༧ଌΛग़ͯ͠ΈΔ • ࣮ࡍͷσʔλʹݶΓͳ͍ۙ͘ܗͷ toy-data ͱͯ͠ར༻ • CPU ༻ʹؔͯ͠ 0-1 ͷൣғʹਖ਼نԽֶͯ͠शΛऩଋͤ͞Δ • ز͔ͭͷ CPU ༻ɾσϓϩΠपظͷϞσϧΛֶशͤͯ͞༧ଌͤͯ͞ΈΔ ୈ 40 ճΠϯλʔωοτͱӡ༻ٕज़ݚڀൃදձ (2018/03/05) | Yoshikawa Ryota ( @rrreeeyyy ) 40
ୈ 40 ճΠϯλʔωοτͱӡ༻ٕज़ݚڀൃදձ (2018/03/05) | Yoshikawa Ryota ( @rrreeeyyy )
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ୈ 40 ճΠϯλʔωοτͱӡ༻ٕज़ݚڀൃදձ (2018/03/05) | Yoshikawa Ryota ( @rrreeeyyy )
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ୈ 40 ճΠϯλʔωοτͱӡ༻ٕज़ݚڀൃදձ (2018/03/05) | Yoshikawa Ryota ( @rrreeeyyy )
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ୈ 40 ճΠϯλʔωοτͱӡ༻ٕज़ݚڀൃදձ (2018/03/05) | Yoshikawa Ryota ( @rrreeeyyy )
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·ͱΊ • SRE ͱ͍͏ΤϯδχΞϦϯάख๏ʹ͍ͭͯհ • ΠϯϑϥΤϯδχΞͷ৬͕͕͖ͬͯͨ • αΠτͷ৴པੑࣗମʹ৬Λ࣋ͭ͜ͱΛ໌֬ʹ͢Δ SRE ͕ొ
• αΠτͷ৴པੑΛकΔͨΊʹ "ਖ਼͘͠ΤϯδχΞϦϯάΛ͢Δ" ࣄ͕ॏཁ • ΫοΫύουͰͷ SRE ͷऔΓΈͱͯ͠ϞχλϦϯάͷվળΛհ • ࣌ܥྻσʔλΛରʹอଘɾղੳ͕ߦ͑Δج൫͕͖ͬͯͨ • ࣍ͳΔεςʔδͱͯ࣌͠ܥྻσʔλͷҟৗݕʹ͍༷ͭͯʑͳख๏Λࡧத ୈ 40 ճΠϯλʔωοτͱӡ༻ٕज़ݚڀൃදձ (2018/03/05) | Yoshikawa Ryota ( @rrreeeyyy ) 45
ࢀߟࢿྉ • h#ps:/ /landing.google.com/sre/book.html • h#ps:/ /www.allthingsdistributed.com/files/p1041-verbitski.pdf • h#p:/ /lamport.azurewebsites.net/tla/formal-methods-amazon.pdf
• h#ps:/ /staAc.googleusercontent.com/media/research.google.com/en/ /archive/spanner-osdi2012.pdf • h#p:/ /techlife.cookpad.com/entry/Ameseries-database-001 • h#p:/ /www.vldb.org/pvldb/vol8/p1816-teller.pdf • h#ps:/ /qiita.com/rrreeeyyy/items/6bbd1f09c96e2af4a8ce • h#p:/ /ramcloud.stanford.edu/raH.pdf • h#p:/ /www.cs.cornell.edu/~asdas/research/dsn02-swim.pdf • h#ps:/ /speakerdeck.com/rrreeeyyy/jK-2017-site-reliability-engineering • h#ps:/ /speakerdeck.com/yuukit/the-study-of-Ame-series-database-for-server-monitoring • h#ps:/ /speakerdeck.com/rrreeeyyy/introducAon-to-prometheus-pracAce • h#ps:/ /github.com/NeKlix/vizceral • h#ps:/ /github.com/nghialv/promviz ୈ 40 ճΠϯλʔωοτͱӡ༻ٕज़ݚڀൃදձ (2018/03/05) | Yoshikawa Ryota ( @rrreeeyyy ) 46
PR ୈ 40 ճΠϯλʔωοτͱӡ༻ٕज़ݚڀൃදձ (2018/03/05) | Yoshikawa Ryota ( @rrreeeyyy
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We are hiring! • ΫοΫύουͰຊհͨ͠Α͏ͳऔΓΈΛߦ͍ͬͯ·͢ • ·ͩ·ͩղܾ͍ͨ͠ɾऔΓΈ͍ͨ՝͕ͨ͘͞Μ͋Δ • ָ͠Έͳ͕ΒҰॹʹΕΔϝϯόʔΛืू͍ͯ͠·͢ →
h$ps:/ /cookpad.jobs ୈ 40 ճΠϯλʔωοτͱӡ༻ٕज़ݚڀൃදձ (2018/03/05) | Yoshikawa Ryota ( @rrreeeyyy ) 48