Upgrade to Pro
— share decks privately, control downloads, hide ads and more …
Speaker Deck
Features
Speaker Deck
PRO
Sign in
Sign up for free
Search
Search
Garbage Collection
Search
Stefan Kanev
November 03, 2013
Programming
220
0
Share
Embed
Copy iframe code
Copy JS code
Copy link
Start on current slide
Garbage Collection
OpenFest 2013 talk about garbage collection
Stefan Kanev
November 03, 2013
More Decks by Stefan Kanev
See All by Stefan Kanev
Въведение в (Machine|Deep) Learning
skanev
0
110
GraphQL
skanev
0
460
Automated Testing: Getting it Right
skanev
1
94
From Novice to Expert
skanev
0
450
Inbetween Code and Profession
skanev
0
450
Clojure & ClojureScript
skanev
2
130
Extreme Programming
skanev
0
820
За смъртта на TDD
skanev
0
640
Python 0 2014
skanev
1
1.8k
Other Decks in Programming
See All in Programming
Hunting Vulnerabilities in Symfony with LLMs
vinceamstoutz
0
540
ECSアプリログをFireLensでコスト削減しようとしたけど諦めた話 in Fargate×Node.js
akihisaikeda
2
4k
The ROI of Quarkus for Spring Boot Applications
hollycummins
0
110
セキュリティの専門家じゃなくてもできる。「セキュリティ意識」をアップデートして サプライチェーン攻撃への耐性を高めよう。
tk3fftk
5
710
脅威をエンジニアリングの糧にして――現場編 / Turning Threats into Engineering Fuel — Field Edition
nrslib
0
270
代数的データ型って何が嬉しいの? #frontend_phpcon_do
kajitack
8
3.3k
不変条件と整合性境界—ビジネスが決める設計判断と実現パターン / Invariants and Consistency Boundaries
nrslib
13
3.6k
メソッドのジェネリクスでGoの夢は広がるか? / Kyoto.go #65
utgwkk
3
680
TAKTでAI駆動開発の品質を設計する
j5ik2o
6
1.2k
Dataformのリポジトリを立ち上げるときにまずやること / dataform-day0-2026
snhryt
0
150
Oxcを導入して開発体験が向上した話
yug1224
4
310
These Five Tricks Can Make Your Apps Greener, Cheaper, & Nicer
hollycummins
0
280
Featured
See All Featured
Agile that works and the tools we love
rasmusluckow
331
21k
Digital Projects Gone Horribly Wrong (And the UX Pros Who Still Save the Day) - Dean Schuster
uxyall
0
1.7k
Responsive Adventures: Dirty Tricks From The Dark Corners of Front-End
smashingmag
254
22k
The Art of Delivering Value - GDevCon NA Keynote
reverentgeek
16
2k
Agile Leadership in an Agile Organization
kimpetersen
PRO
0
160
Documentation Writing (for coders)
carmenintech
77
5.4k
Tips & Tricks on How to Get Your First Job In Tech
honzajavorek
1
540
Taking LLMs out of the black box: A practical guide to human-in-the-loop distillation
inesmontani
PRO
3
2.3k
New Earth Scene 8
popppiees
3
2.3k
A Soul's Torment
seathinner
6
2.9k
Put a Button on it: Removing Barriers to Going Fast.
kastner
60
4.3k
WCS-LA-2024
lcolladotor
0
630
Transcript
Garbage Collection Стефан Кънев http://skanev.com/ @skanev OpenFest 3 ноември 2013
София
Здравейте, аз съм Стефан
DEVELOPERS DEVELOPERS DEVELOPERS DEVELOPERS DEVELOPERS
twitter @skanev github skanev blog http://skanev.com/
Всеки път
03.11.2013
I ❤︎ LEGACY
@current_year = 2011 ‑︎ @current_year = 2012
None
2.0 & 2.1
I ❤︎ LEGACY
?
Garbage Collection
None
None
“The undecidability of liveness is a corollary to the halting
problem” — Garbage Collection, Jones et al
None
Stop-and-Copy 1 hour coding 6 hours debugging
Garbage Collection
None
BG PUBLIC ENEMY №1
-а/-ът
None
Ще деплойнем в пръдъкшън след като билда мине на кънтиниъс
интегрейшъна. DISCLAIMER
събирачи на смет свободни списъци пържоли корени
<rant>
Пълният член смуче!
None
ЦСКА vs. Левски
ЦСКА vs. Балкан Ботевград
Долу пълния член!
#ътставка
</rant>
i.Garbage Collection ii.Algorithms iii.Classifications iv.Languages v.Ruby 2.0 & Ruby 2.1
i.Garbage Collection ii.Algorithms iii.Classifications iv.Languages v.Ruby 2.0 & Ruby 2.1
Автоматично освобождаване на неизползваната памет, без баене от страна на
програмиста
това включва и Reference counting
Не целя: kernel developer-и с Garbage Collector web developer-и с
malloc()
Целя: kernel developer-и с Garbage Collector web developer-и с malloc()
Целя: Да добиете някаква представа за collector-ите и особеностите им
Common misconceptions
None
✔! алокацията е по-бърза от malloc()
✘ паузи по минута са възможни
heap памет, където обекти се алокират в произволен ред mutator
програмата (променя паметта) roots стека и регистрите live set паметта, достъпна от корените pointer “стрелка” от един обект към друг cells/objects парчета управлявана памет garbage недостижимата памет
i = 0 while i < N: i += 1
doSomething(i)
Динамично алокиране
None
<=>
O(nlgn)
cnlgn
CPU cache virtual memory*
различни приложения, различни pattern-и на работа
сложен инженерен проблем
i.Garbage Collection ii.Algorithms iii.Classifications iv.Languages v.Ruby 2.0 & Ruby 2.1
REFERENCE COUNTING MARK & SWEEP MARK & COMPACT COPY
Reference Counting
1. Всеки обект има брояч 2. Всеки указател увеличава брояча
3. Триенето на указател намалява 4. free() когато брояча е нула Outline
roots 1 1 REFERENCE COUNTING
roots 1 2 REFERENCE COUNTING
roots 1 1 REFERENCE COUNTING
roots 1 1 1 REFERENCE COUNTING
roots 1 0 1 REFERENCE COUNTING
roots 0 1 REFERENCE COUNTING
roots 1 REFERENCE COUNTING
просто & лесно
None
None
None
roots 1 1 REFERENCE COUNTING
roots 2 2 REFERENCE COUNTING
roots 1 2 REFERENCE COUNTING
roots 1 1 Memory Leak REFERENCE COUNTING
None
weak-refs разни алгоритми
чисто решение няма трябва tracing
None
roots 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
детерминизъм vs. паузи при големи обекти
✔; Проста имплементация ✔; Детерминистичност ✘ Инкрементации/декрементации ✘ Допълнителна памет
✘ Паузи при големи обекти* ✘ Не освобождава цикли ✔; Повече по-късно
Reference Counting има много варианти
<aside>
x = [] y = [] id(x) == id(y) =>
False id([]) == id([]) => True
a = [] a = id(a) b = [] b
= id(b) a == b
#lolpython
Mark & Sweep
малко интро
header header header heaps
header off-heap storage ✘
Free list Heap Heap MARK/SWEEP
1. Започваме от root-овете 2. Рекурсивно маркираме всичко, до което
може да стигнем 3. Трием немаркираното Outline
roots MARK/SWEEP
roots roots Garbage MARK/SWEEP
Heap MARK/SWEEP
Heap Fragmentation MARK/SWEEP
✔; Събира цикли ✔; По-икономичен (памет и процесор) ✘ Пауза
за обхождане и събиране* ✘ Повече cache misses ✘ Недетерминистичен ✘ Нужда от свободна памет ✘ Линеен на спрямо heap-а
Mark & Compact
1. Маркираме всичко 2. Местим обекти в дупките 3. Обновяваме
указателите Outline
MARK/COMPACT
MARK/COMPACT
STALE POINTERS MARK/COMPACT Active Memory Forwarding Adresses
✔; Евтина алокация ✔; Дефрагментира паметта ✘ Линейно на heap-а
✘ Копирането е бавно ✘ Няма свободни pointer-и (мести)
Copy
1. Разделяме heap-а на две 2. Алокираме в едната половина
3. Копираме достижимото в другата Outline
From space To space COPY
From space To space COPY
From space To space COPY
✔; Евтина алокация ✔; Дефрагментира паметта ✔; Линейно на живите
обекти ✘ 50% място разхищение ✘ Трябва да мести обекти
i.Garbage Collection ii.Algorithms iii.Classifications iv.Languages v.Ruby 2.0 & Ruby 2.1
STOP-THE-WORLD vs. INCREMENTAL vs. PARALLEL vs. CONCURRENT
STOP-THE-WORLD collector mutator
INCREMENTAL sweep mutator mark ✔! Разпределени кратки паузи ✘ Overhead
при алокация
PARALLEL collector mutator
CONCURRENT collector mutator ✔! Не спира света ✘ Overhead за
синхронизация
MOSTLY CONCURRENT collector mutator ✘ Мутатора и колектора се гонят
CONSERVATIVE vs. PRECISE
Трябва помощ от компилатора
None
Weak generational hypothesis: Most objects die young
1. Разделяме heap-а на млади и стари 2. Събираме основно
младите (minor) 3. От време на време събираме старата генерация (major cycle) Outline
Old Generation New Generation roots
Old Generation New Generation roots roots
Old Generation New Generation roots roots
Old Generation New Generation roots roots BUG ☢
WRITE BARRIER
old ˠ young
roots Old Generation New Generation remembered set
i.Garbage Collection ii.Algorithms iii.Classifications iv.Languages v.Ruby 2.0 & Ruby 2.1
Reference counting No cycle detection ;(
Reference counting Full cycle detection
Reference counting Almost full cycle detection
__del__ finalizers
gc.garbage
trololothon
Mark and sweep Incremental, conservative (...)
Java!
None
4
1 SerialGC Stop-the-world copy for young generation Stop-the-world mark/compact for
old generation
2 ParallelGC Stop-the-world copy for young generation Stop-the-world mark/compact for
old generation
3 ConcMarkSweepGC Stop-the-world copy for young generation Mostly concurrent, non-compacting
mark- sweep for older generation Fallback to stop-the-world compacting full collection
4 G1GC Stop-the-world copy for young generation Mostly concurrent marking
old generation Stop-the-world, mostly incremental compacting for old generation Fallback to stop-the-world compaction
HotSpot JRockit IBM J9 Azul Zing
None
None
C C++
Boehm-Demers Collector http://www.hpl.hp.com/personal/Hans_Boehm/gc/
malloc ! GC_MALLOC realloc ! GC_REALLOC
scan the stack find all pointers mark/sweep
detect memory leaks
None
i.Garbage Collection ii.Algorithms iii.Classifications iv.Languages v.Ruby 2.0 & Ruby 2.1
2.0 & 2.1
CoW friendly ‐︎ copy-on-write
None
None
None
RGenGC
None
RARRAY_PTR(obj)
#define RARRAY_PTR(a) \ ((RBASIC(a)->flags & RARRAY_EMBED_FLAG) ? \ RARRAY(a)->as.ary :
\ RARRAY(a)->as.heap.ptr)
break lots of C extensions vs. non-generational GC
Shady Sunny
Shady objects, - go into the remembered set when shaded
- do not get promoted in the old generation
#define RARRAY_PTR(a) \ ((VALUE *) \ RARRAY_CONST_PTR(RGENGC_WB_PROTECTED_ARRAY ?\ OBJ_WB_UNPROTECT((VALUE)a) :
\ ((VALUE)a)))
incrementally update the C extensions
incrementally update the virtual machine
I ❤︎ LEGACY
Books!
None
DEVELOPERS DEVELOPERS DEVELOPERS DEVELOPERS DEVELOPERS DEVELOPERS DEVELOPERS DEVELOPERS DEVELOPERS DEVELOPERS
DEVELOPERS DEVELOPERS DEVELOPERS DEVELOPERS DEVELOPERS DEVELOPERS DEVELOPERS DEVELOPERS DEVELOPERS DEVELOPERS DEVELOPERS DEVELOPERS DEVELOPERS DEVELOPERS DEVELOPERS DEVELOPERS DEVELOPERS DEVELOPERS DEVELOPERS DEVELOPERS DEVELOPERS DEVELOPERS DEVELOPERS DEVELOPERS DEVELOPERS DEVELOPERS DEVELOPERS DEVELOPERS DEVELOPERS DEVELOPERS DEVELOPERS DEVELOPERS DEVELOPERS DEVELOPERS DEVELOPERS DEVELOPERS DEVELOPERS DEVELOPERS DEVELOPERS DEVELOPERS DEVELOPERS DEVELOPERS DEVELOPERS DEVELOPERS DEVELOPERS DEVELOPERS DEVELOPERS DEVELOPERS
None