カクトビック数字 - 人間と文化にあわせた多様な表現の可能性 / Kaktovik Numerals

CoSTEP「科学技術コミュニケーター養成プログラム」プレゼン演習, 第1回
https://sorami.dev/costep/2023-11-02/

Transcript

1. ΧΫτϏοΫ਺ࣈ ਓؒͱจԽʹ͋Θͤͨଟ༷ͳදݱͷՄೳੑ 
   )*4".050
   4PSBNJ
   $P45&1
   ϓϨθϯԋश
    ը૾
   %"--u&
   
   Ͱੜ੒ 𝋅 𝋁 𝋃 𝋊 𝋒
2. ਺ࣈ ਺Λදݱ͢ΔͨΊͷه߸
3. 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
    インド‧アラビア数字
4. ʓҰೋࡾ࢛
   ޒ࿡ࣣീ۝
   ेඦઍສԯ 漢数字
5. *
   **
   ***
   *7
   7
   7*
   7**
   7***
   *9
   9
   -
   $
   %
   . ローマ数字
6. ੈքʹ͸
   ༷ʑͳ਺ࣈʢͦͯ͠จԽʣ͕͋Δ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_numeral_systems
7. 東アジア ௚ײతͳදݱ
   ըઢ๏ʢ͔ͤ͘Μ΄͏ʣ 欧州, 北⽶, 豪州など スペイン, 南⽶など
8. ΠϯυɾΞϥϏΞ਺ࣈ
   ਓྨ্࢙ɺ࠷΋ීٴͨ͠ه๏ ेਐ๏ ҐऔΓه਺๏ ेछྨͷه߸Λ༻͍Δ ྫ͑͹ʮʯ͸ϩʔϚ਺ࣈͰʮ.$$999*7ʯ ه߸ͷҐஔʹΑΓʮܻʯΛද͢ 
   Y
    1 2 3 4 
   Y
    
   Y
    
   Y
   
9. ΠϯυɾΞϥϏΞ਺ࣈ
   ਓྨ্࢙ɺ࠷΋ීٴͨ͠ه๏ ेਐ๏ ҐऔΓه਺๏ ेछྨͷه߸Λ༻͍Δ ྫ͑͹ʮʯ͸ϩʔϚ਺ࣈͰʮ.$$999*7ʯ ه߸ͷҐஔʹΑΓʮܻʯΛද͢ େ͖ͳ਺ࣈ΋؆ܿʹදݱ
   ࢉज़͕༰қʢzࢉ༻਺ࣈzʣ 
   Y
    1 2 3 4 
   Y
    
   Y
    
   Y
   
10. 
    ͜Ε͚͕ͩ
    ࠷దͳ΍Γํͳͷ͔ʁ
11. "Arctic Shore at Barrow Alaska”, Andrei , CC BY 2 . 0 https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Arctic_Shore_at_Barrow_Alaska.jpg ΞϥεΧ࠷๺෦ /PSUI
    4MPQF
    #PSPVHI
    "MBTLB
    
13. ΠψϐΞοτ
    *ÑVQJBU
    ΞϥεΧ๺෦ͷ๺ۃւԊ؛஍ҬʹॅΉઌॅຽ଒ "Inupiat Family from Noatak, Alaska, 1 929 ”, Edward S. Curtis, Public Domain https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Inupiat_Family_from_Noatak,_Alaska,_ 19 2 9 ,_Edward_S._Curtis_(restored).jpg
14. Floyd Davidson, CC BY SA 4 . 0 https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Genuine_kunik.jpg ΠψϐΞοτ
    *ÑVQJBU
    ΞϥεΧ๺෦ͷ๺ۃւԊ؛஍ҬʹॅΉઌॅຽ଒
15. ΧΫτϏοΫ
    ๺Ң౓
    ๺ۃݍͷொ
    ਓޱʢ೥ʣ , B L U P W J L
16. "Kaktovik, Alaska, DEW Line Site”, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Public Domain https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Kaktovik,_Alaska,_DEW_Line_Site.jpg
17. https://www.cityofkaktovik.org/
18. https://www.ktoo.org/ 20 18 / 0 9 / 03 /in-kaktovik-sea-ice-loss-means-a-boom-in-polar-bear-tourism/
19. https://natgeo.nikkeibp.co.jp/nng/article/news/ 1 4 / 6834 /
20. ΧΫτϏοΫ਺ࣈ ೥୅ʹൃ໌͞Εͨ
21. 𝋀 𝋁 𝋂 𝋃 𝋄 𝋅 𝋆 𝋇 𝋈 𝋉 𝋊 𝋋 𝋌 𝋍 𝋎 𝋏 𝋐 𝋑 𝋒 𝋓
22. 𝋀 𝋁 𝋂 𝋃 𝋄 𝋅 𝋆 𝋇 𝋈 𝋉 𝋊 𝋋 𝋌 𝋍 𝋎 𝋏 𝋐 𝋑 𝋒 𝋓 छྨͷه߸
23. 𝋀 
24. 𝋀  𝋁  𝋂  𝋃  𝋄 
25. 𝋀  𝋁  𝋂  𝋃  𝋄  𝋅 
26. 𝋀  𝋁  𝋂  𝋃  𝋄  𝋅  𝋆 
27. 𝋀  𝋁  𝋂  𝋃  𝋄  𝋅  𝋆  
    ͱ
    
    ͷ
    ૊Έ߹Θͤ 𝋁 𝋅
28. 𝋀  𝋁  𝋂  𝋃  𝋄  𝋅  𝋆  𝋇  𝋈  𝋉 
29. 𝋀  𝋁  𝋂  𝋃  𝋄  𝋅  𝋆  𝋇  𝋈  𝋉  𝋊 
30. 𝋀  𝋁  𝋂  𝋃  𝋄  𝋅  𝋆  𝋇  𝋈  𝋉  𝋊  𝋏 
31. 𝋀  𝋁  𝋂  𝋃  𝋄  𝋅  𝋆  𝋇  𝋈  𝋉  𝋊  𝋏  ͕ೋͭɺࡾͭ
32. 𝋀  𝋁  𝋂  𝋃  𝋄  𝋅  𝋆  𝋇  𝋈  𝋉  𝋊  𝋏    ͕
    ౓ճస↪͔ͨͨͪ͠
    Ͱ΋͋Δ ͕ೋͭɺࡾͭ
33. 𝋀  𝋁  𝋂  𝋃  𝋄  𝋅  𝋆  𝋇  𝋈  𝋉  𝋊  𝋏  𝋋  𝋌  𝋍  𝋎  𝋐  𝋑  𝋒  𝋓 
34. 𝋄 𝋓 
    Y
     
    Y
     
     ೋेਐه਺๏
    ೋेΛఈͱ͢ΔҐऔΓه਺๏ 
     
    
35. 𝋁 𝋁 
    Y
     
     ೋेਐه਺๏
    ೋेΛఈͱ͢ΔҐऔΓه਺๏ 𝋁 𝋁  
     
    Y
      
     
    Y
      
     
     
    Y
     
36. Akrasia 2 5 , CC BY SA 4 . 0 https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Abacus_Inuit.jpg ΧΫτϏοΫ਺ࣈͷͦΖ͹Μ
37. Akrasia 2 5 , CC BY SA 4 . 0 https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Abacus_Inuit.jpg ΧΫτϏοΫ਺ࣈͷͦΖ͹Μ  
38. 𝋀  𝋁  𝋂  𝋃  𝋄  𝋅  𝋆  𝋇  𝋈  𝋉  𝋊  𝋏  𝋋  𝋌  𝋍  𝋎  𝋐  𝋑  𝋒  𝋓 
39. ࢹ֮తͳੑ࣭
40. 𝋂 + 𝋂 =   ଍͠ࢉ
41. 𝋂 + 𝋂 = 𝋄  ଍͠ࢉ  
42. Ҿ͖ࢉ - 𝋍   𝋍 𝋅 =
43. Ҿ͖ࢉ - 𝋍 = 𝋅    𝋍 𝋅
44. 𝋃 ׂΓࢉ  𝋃 𝋏 𝋓 Y
     Y
     Y
     
    ʸ
    
    
    
45. 𝋃 ׂΓࢉ  𝋃 𝋏 𝋓 Y
     Y
     Y
     𝋁 Y
46. 𝋃 ׂΓࢉ  𝋃 𝋏 𝋓 Y
     Y
     Y
     𝋁 Y 𝋃 ͕ ݸ 𝋁 3 1 
    ʸ
    
    
    
47. 𝋃 ׂΓࢉ  𝋃 𝋏 𝋓 Y
     Y
     Y
     𝋁 Y 𝋃 ͕ 3 ճసͨ͠ܗ
48. 𝋃 ׂΓࢉ  𝋃 𝋏 𝋓 Y
     Y
     Y
     𝋁 𝋅 Y Y 𝋃 ͕ 3 ճసͨ͠ܗ ͕ 𝋁 1 ճసͨ͠ܗ 
    ʸ
    
    
    
49. 𝋁 𝋅 𝋃 ׂΓࢉ  𝋃 𝋏 𝋓 Y
     Y
     Y
     𝋁 𝋅 Y Y Y   𝋃 𝋏 
    ʸ
    
    
    
50. 𝋁 𝋅 𝋃 ׂΓࢉ  𝋃 𝋏 𝋓 Y
     Y
     Y
     𝋁 𝋅 Y Y Y   𝋃 𝋏 ༨Γ 𝋁 1 
    ʸ
    
    
    
    ༨Γ
51. 𝋆 𝋃 ׂΓࢉ  𝋃 𝋏 𝋓 Y
     Y
     Y
     𝋁 𝋅 Y Y Y 
    ʸ
    
    
    
    ༨Γ 𝋃 𝋏
52. AquitaneHungerForce , Public Domain https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Kaktovik_long_division_(chunked).svg   
    ʸ
     
    
     
53. ͳͥ
    
    
    ͱ
    
    ͳͷ͔ʁ
55. ΠψϐΞοΫޠͰ
    l
    tallimatz
    ͸
    z࿹
    taliql
    ʹ༝དྷ
    ࿹ʹ͸ຊͷࢦ
56. ΠψϐΞοΫޠͰ
    l
    iñuiññaqz
    ͸
    lਓؒͷશମz
    ྆ख྆଍Ͱຊͷࢦ
57. ൃ໌ͷܦҢ ೥୅ॳ಄ɺ
    ΧΫτϏοΫͷֶߍ
    )BSPME
    ,BWFPMPPL
    TDIPPM
    ͰߟҊ
    ʮΠψϐΞοΫޠͰͷ਺͑ํʯΛ
    ʮจࣈʯͰදه͢Δतۀ՝୊ͱͯ͠։࢝
    ڭࢣ
    8JMMJBN
    #BSUMFZ
    ࢦಋͷ΋ͱɺ
    ౰࣌ͷதֶߍɺશߍੜె໊Ͱ࡞੒
58. ΧΫτϏοΫ਺ࣈͷ
    ීٴͱӨڹ
59. https://www.unicode.org/L 2 /L 2 02 1 / 2 1058 r-kaktovik-numerals.pdf ΞϥεΧ๺෦ֶ۠ͷΧϦΩϡϥϜʹಋೖ
60. https://www.unicode.org/L 2 /L 2 02 1 / 2 1058 r-kaktovik-numerals.pdf
61. https://www.unicode.org/L 2 /L 2 02 1 / 2 1058 r-kaktovik-numerals.pdf
62. 2008 Jun 12 03:54:25 2008 Jun 12 04:45:24 Qawiaraq Inupiatun Inupiatun Inuinnaqtun Siglitun Natsilingmiutut Aivilimmiutut Nunavimmiutitut Nunatsiavummiutut Qikiqtaaluk nigiani Kalaallisut Kalaallisut Tunumiit Tunumiit oraasiat oraasiat Avanersuaq Qikiqtaaluk Qikiqtaaluk uannangani uannangani Kivallirmiutut Kivallirmiutut Asybaris 01 , CC BY SA 3 . 0 https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Inuktitut_dialect_map.svg ๺ۃ஍ํʹ͓͚Δ
    ΠψΠοτޠมछͷ෼෍
63. 2008 Jun 12 03:54:25 2008 Jun 12 04:45:24 Qawiaraq Inupiatun Inupiatun Inuinnaqtun Siglitun Natsilingmiutut Aivilimmiutut Nunavimmiutitut Nunatsiavummiutut Qikiqtaaluk nigiani Kalaallisut Kalaallisut Tunumiit Tunumiit oraasiat oraasiat Avanersuaq Qikiqtaaluk Qikiqtaaluk uannangani uannangani Kivallirmiutut Kivallirmiutut Asybaris 01 , CC BY SA 3 . 0 https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Inuktitut_dialect_map.svg ๺ۃ஍ํʹ͓͚Δ
    ΠψΠοτޠมछͷ෼෍ ΠψϐΞοΫޠ͚ͩͰͳ͘ɺ
    ଞͷΠψΠοτɾϢϐοΫݴޠͰͷ
    ਐ๏ʹ΋ద͍ͯ͠Δ
64. 2008 Jun 12 03:54:25 2008 Jun 12 04:45:24 Qawiaraq Inupiatun Inupiatun Inuinnaqtun Siglitun Natsilingmiutut Aivilimmiutut Nunavimmiutitut Nunatsiavummiutut Qikiqtaaluk nigiani Kalaallisut Kalaallisut Tunumiit Tunumiit oraasiat oraasiat Avanersuaq Qikiqtaaluk Qikiqtaaluk uannangani uannangani Kivallirmiutut Kivallirmiutut Asybaris 01 , CC BY SA 3 . 0 https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Inuktitut_dialect_map.svg ๺ۃ஍ํʹ͓͚Δ
    ΠψΠοτޠมछͷ෼෍ ΞϥεΧ Χφμ άϦʔϯϥϯυ ϩγΞͷ
    ډॅऀສਓΛ୅ද͢Δ
    ΠψΠοτۃҬධٞձʢ*$$ʣ΋ঝೝ
65. ڭҭ΁ͷӨڹ ೥ɺΧΫτϏοΫͰ
    ਺ֶ౷Ұࢼݧ
    $BMJGPSOJB
    "DIJFWFNFOU
    5FTU
    ͷ
    ੒੷͕ඈ༂తʹ޲্
    ͦΕ·Ͱ͸ԼҐͩͬͨͷ͕ɺ
    ΧΫτϏοΫ਺ࣈͷߟҊޙɺ
    ฏۉΛ௒͑Δ·Ͱʹͳͬͨ
66. भ֎͔Βͷڭࢣͷྲྀೖ΍ɺඪ४ςετͷ૿ՃͳͲͷӨڹ
    ·ͨɺ࿈๜੓෎ʹΑΔʮམͪ͜΅Ε๷ࢭʯ੓ࡦͷ΋ͱɺಉ஍Ҭͷֶߍ͸
    ࠃͷج४Λຬ͍ͨͯ͠ͳ͍ͱͯ͠ݫ੍͍͠ࡋΛड͚ɺ
    ด࠯ʹ௥͍ࠐ·Εͨ͜ͱ΋͋ͬͨɻ
    ͦΕʹΑͬͯੜͨ͡ʮڪා৺ʯ͔Βɺಋೖ͕᪳᪯͞Ε͍ͯΔ
    ݱࡏɺ࣮ࡍʹ࢖ΘΕ͍ͯΔͷ͸ΠψϐΞοΫޠͷڭࣨͷΈ ͔͠͠
     ͦͷޮՌ͕࣮ূ͞Ε͍ͯΔʹ΋ؔΘΒͣɺ
    ಋೖͷن໛͸ॖখ͞Ε͍ͯΔ
67. σδλϧͷੈք΁ ීٴ΁޲͚ͯ
68. Ϣχίʔυ ੈքதͷจࣈ΍ه߸Λࣝผ͢ΔͨΊͷࠃࡍن֨
69. ೥݄ɺΧΫτϏοΫ਺ࣈɺ࠷ॳͷఏҊ
    ೥݄ɺϢχίʔυ
    Ͱಋೖ https://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/Unicode- 15 . 0 /U 150 - 1 D 2 C 0 .pdf
70. ೥݄ɺΧΫτϏοΫ਺ࣈɺ࠷ॳͷఏҊ
    ೥݄ɺϢχίʔυ
    Ͱಋೖ https://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/Unicode- 15 . 0 /U 150 - 1 D 2 C 0 .pdf ͜Ε·Ͱ͸
    ʮखॻ͖ʯʮࣸਅʯͩͬͨͷ͕ɺ
    ίϯϐϡʔλʔͰѻ͑ΔΑ͏ʹͳͬͨ
71. ೥݄ɺΧΫτϏοΫ਺ࣈɺ࠷ॳͷఏҊ
    ೥݄ɺϢχίʔυ
    Ͱಋೖ https://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/Unicode- 15 . 0 /U 150 - 1 D 2 C 0 .pdf ৘ใͷ΍ΓͱΓ΍ɺ
    ڭࡐͷ࡞੒ͳͲ͕༰қʹͳΔ
    طଘͷܭࢉΤϯδϯ΋׆༻Ͱ͖Δ
72. 𝋀 𝋁 𝋂 𝋃 𝋄 𝋅 𝋆 𝋇 𝋈 𝋉 𝋊 𝋋 𝋌 𝋍 𝋎 𝋏 𝋐 𝋑 𝋒 𝋓 𝋀 𝋁 𝋂 𝋃 𝋄 𝋅 𝋆 𝋇 𝋈 𝋉 𝋊 𝋋 𝋌 𝋍 𝋎 𝋏 𝋐 𝋑 𝋒 𝋓 Noto Sans Symbol 2 Gentium Kaktovik ͋ΘͤͯϑΥϯτ΋։ൃ͞Ε͍ͯΔ https://languagetools- 153 41 9 .appspot.com/ik/downloads/
73. https://github.com/notofonts/symbols/pull/ 67 https://fonts.google.com/noto/specimen/Noto+Sans+Symbols+ 2
74. https://languagetools- 153 41 9 .appspot.com/ik/
75. https://languagetools- 153 41 9 .appspot.com/ik/numerals/
76. https://crates.io/crates/kaktovik
77. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethnomathematics ຽ଒਺ֶ
    &UIOPNBUIFNBUJDT ྫ͑͹ɺ
    ωΠς ΟϒɾΞ ϝϦΧϯͷ
    νΣϩΩʔ଒΋
    ͦͷݴޠͷͨΊͷԻઅจࣈɾه਺๏Λ
    ൃҊ͠ ͍ͯΔ
78. 𝋀 𝋁 𝋂 𝋃 𝋄 𝋅 𝋆 𝋇 𝋈 𝋉 𝋊 𝋋 𝋌 𝋍 𝋎 𝋏 𝋐 𝋑 𝋒 𝋓 ࠓͷ΍Γํ͚͕ͩ
    ࠷ྑͱ͸ݶΒͳ͍
    ͦΕͧΕʹదͨ͠
    ଟ༷ͳදݱ͕͋ΓಘΔ
79. 𝋀 𝋁 𝋂 𝋃 𝋄 𝋅 𝋆 𝋇 𝋈 𝋉 𝋊 𝋋 𝋌 𝋍 𝋎 𝋏 𝋐 𝋑 𝋒 𝋓
80. 参考⽂献 ‣ “イヌイットの算術”, ⽇経サイエンス 2023年10⽉号, p. 3 0 ‣ “A Number System Invented by Inuit Schoolchildren Will Make Its Silicon Valley Debut” Amory Tillinghast-Raby. Scientific American, 2 02 3 ‣ “Numerals invented by Kaktovik students can now be used digitally”, Alena Naiden. Anchorage Daily News, 202 2 ‣ “Unicode request for Kaktovik numerals” Eduardo Marín Silva, Kirk Miller, Catherine Strand. 2 0 21 ‣ Kaktovik numerals - Wikipedia ‣ Kaktovik Numerals (Unicode block) - Wikipedia ‣ “Why These Are The Best Numbers!”, Artifexian. YouTube, 2 01 9 ‣ “Why These Are The Best Numbers | FOLLOW UP”, Artifexian. YouTube, 2 0 1 9 ‣ “Kaktovic Numerals”, The Ferret. YouTube, 202 1 ‣ “A brief history of numerical systems - Alessandra King”, TED-Ed. YouTube, 2 0 1 7