ElasticSearch In Action - Intracto 2017

See https://feryn.eu/speaking/elasticsearch-in-action-intracto-2017/ for more info about this presentation.

Transcript

1. Elasticsearch in action By Thijs Feryn
2. Explain in 1 slide
3. •Full-text search engine •NoSQL database •Analytics engine •Written in Java •Lucene based ( ~Solr) •Inverted indices •Easy to scale (~Elastic) •RESTFul interface (HTTP/JSON) •Schemaless •Real-time •ELK stack
4. Still with me?
5. Hi, I’m Thijs
6. I’m @ThijsFeryn on Twitter
7. I’m an Evangelist At
8. I’m an Evangelist At
9. I’m a at board member
11. https://www.elastic.co/ downloads/elasticsearch
12. { "cluster_name": "elasticsearch", "cluster_uuid": "KKD4RjtCTTWoRomBDXyCDA", "name": "y3qufp6", "tagline": "You Know, for Search", "version": { "build_date": "2017-02-09T22:05:32.386Z", "build_hash": "db0d481", "build_snapshot": false, "lucene_version": "6.4.1", "number": "5.2.1" } } http://localhost: 9200
13. RDBMS Elasticsearch Database Table Row Index Type Document
14. PUT /blog { "acknowledged": true, "shards_acknowledged": true }
15. POST/blog/post/6576 { "language":"en", "title":"Combell revamps its hosting range: fewer packages, more features!", "date":"Thu, 08 Dec 2016 15:35:59 +0000", "author":"Combell", "category":[ "Combell news", "Hosting", "Combell", "hosting" ], "guid":"6576" }
16. { "_index": "blog", "_type": "post", "_id": "6576", "_version": 1, "result": "created", "_shards": { "total": 2, "successful": 1, "failed": 0 }, "created": true } Confirmation
17. GET /blog/post/6576 { "_index": "blog", "_type": "post", "_id": "6576", "_version": 1, "found": true, "_source": { "language": "en", "title": "Combell revamps its hosting range: fewer packages, more features!", "date": "Thu, 08 Dec 2016 15:35:59 +0000", "author": "Combell", "category": [ "Combell news", "Hosting", "Combell", "hosting" ], "guid": "6576" } } Retrieve document by id Document & meta data
18. GET /blog/_mapping { "blogger": { "mappings": { "post": { "properties": { "author": { "type": "text", "fields": { "keyword": { "type": "keyword", "ignore_above": 256 } } }, "category": { "type": "text", "fields": { "keyword": { "type": "keyword", "ignore_above": 256 } } }, "date": { "type": "text", "fields": { "keyword": { "type": "keyword", "ignore_above": 256 } } }, "guid": { "type": "text", "fields": { "keyword": { "type": "keyword", "ignore_above": 256 } } }, Schemaless? Not really … “Guesses” mapping on insert
19. String types ✓Text analyzed ✓Keyword non-analyzed ✓String • Analyzed • Extra non-analyzed keyword field • Deprecated
20. 0 hits, analyzed data POST /blog/_search { "_source": "date", "query": { "wildcard": { "date": { "value": "*11:50*" } } } } POST /blog/_search { "_source": "date", "query": { "wildcard": { "date.keyword": { "value": "*11:50*" } } } } 2 hits, non-analyzed data
21. Explicit mapping
22. PUT /blog { "mappings" : { "post" : { "properties": { "title" : { "type" : "text" }, "date" : { "type" : "date", "format": "E, dd MMM YYYY HH:mm:ss Z" }, "author": { "type": "keyword" }, "category": { "type": "keyword" }, "guid": { "type": "integer" } } } } } Explicit mapping at index creation time
23. PUT /blog {
 "mappings": {
 "post": {
 "properties": {
 "title": {
 "type": "text",
 "fields": {
 "nl": {
 "type": "text",
 "analyzer": "dutch"
 },
 "en": {
 "type": "text",
 "analyzer": "english"
 },
 "keyword": {
 "type": "keyword"
 } 
 }
 },
 "date": {
 "type": "date",
 "format": "E, dd MMM YYYY HH:mm:ss Z"
 },
 "language": {
 "type": "keyword"
 },
 "author": {
 "type": "keyword"
 },
 "category": {
 "type": "keyword"
 },
 "guid": {
 "type": "integer"
 }
 }
 }
 }
 } Alternative mapping
24. "properties": {
 "title": {
 "type": "text",
 "fields": {
 "nl": {
 "type": "text",
 "analyzer": "dutch"
 },
 "en": {
 "type": "text",
 "analyzer": "english"
 },
 "keyword": {
 "type": "keyword"
 } 
 }
 }, What’s with the analyzers?
25. Analyzed vs non-analyzed
26. Full-text vs exact value
27. By default strings are analyzed … unless you mention it in the mapping
28. Built-in analyzers •Standard •Simple •Whitespace •Stop •Keyword •Pattern •Language •Snowball •Custom Standard tokenizer Lowercase token filter English stop word token filter
29. POST /_analyze { "analyzer" : "standard", "text" : "Hey man, how are you doing?" } POST /_analyze { "analyzer" : "whitespace", "text" : "Hey man, how are you doing?" } POST /_analyze { "analyzer" : "english", "text" : "Hey man, how are you doing?" } Test the analyzer
30. Hey man, how are you doing? hey man how are you doing Standard Hey man, how are you doing? Whitespace hei man how you do English
31. POST /blog/post/_search { "_source": ["title"], "query": { "match": { "title": "working" } } }
32. "hits": { "total": 1, "max_score": 4.5011063, "hits": [ { "_index": "blog", "_type": "post", "_id": "2742", "_score": 4.5011063, "_source": { "title": "Hosted SharePoint 2010: working efficiently as a team" } } ] } }
33. POST /blog/post/_search { "_source": ["title"], "query": { "match": { "title.en": "working" } } }
34. }, "hits": { "total": 4, "max_score": 4.9479203, "hits": [ { "_index": "blog", "_type": "post", "_id": "2742", "_score": 4.9479203, "_source": { "title": "Hosted SharePoint 2010: working efficiently as a team" } }, { "_index": "blog", "_type": "post", "_id": "5586", "_score": 4.896652, "_source": { "title": "WebAssembly: several world players work on a faster Internet" } }, { "_index": "blog", "_type": "post", "_id": "3873", "_score": 4.8334804, "_source": { "title": "SSL: what is it and how does it work?" } },
35. Search
36. POST /blog/post/_count { "query": { "match": { "title": "PROXY protocol support in Varnish" } } } 164 posts 1 post POST /blog/post/_count { "query": { "bool": { "filter": { "term": { "title.keyword": "PROXY protocol support in Varnish" } } } } }
37. Filter context vs Query context
38. Filter •Does it match? Yes or no •When relevance doesn’t matter •Faster & cacheable •For non-analyzed data Query •How well does it match? •For full-text search •On analyzed/tokenized data
39. Match Query Match Phrase Query Match Phrase Prefix Query Multi Match Query Common Terms Query Query String Query Simple Query String Query Term Query Terms Query Range Query Exists Query Prefix Query Wildcard Query Regexp Query Fuzzy Query Type Query Ids Query Constant Score Query Bool Query Dis Max Query Function Score Query Boosting Query Indices Query Nested Query Has Child Query Has Parent Query Parent Id Query GeoShape Query Geo Bounding Box Query Geo Distance Query Geo Distance Range Query Geo Polygon Query More Like This Query Template Query Script Query Percolate Query Span Term Query Span Multi Term Query Span First Query Span Near Query Span Or Query Span Not Query Span Containing Query Span Within Query Span Field Masking Query
40. Filter examples
41. POST /blog/post/_search?pretty { "query": { "bool": { "filter": { "ids": { "values": [231,234,258] } } } } }
42. POST /blog/_search { "query": { "bool": { "filter": { "bool": { "must" : [ { "term" : { "language" : "en" } }, { "range" : { "date" : { "gte" : "2016-01-01", "format" : "yyyy-MM-dd" } } } ], "must_not" : [ { "term" : { "category" : "joomla" } } ], "should" : [ { "term" : { "category" : "Hosting" } }, { "term" : { "category" : "evangelist" } } ] } } } } }
43. POST /blog/_search?pretty { "query": { "bool": { "filter": { "prefix": { "title.keyword": "Combell" } } } } }
44. POST /cities/city/_search { "size": 200, "sort": [ { "city": { "order": "asc" } } ], "query": { "bool": { "filter": { "geo_distance": { "distance": "5km", "location": { "lat": 51.033333, "lon": 2.866667 } } } } } } Requires “geo point” typed field
45. POST /cities/city/_search { "size": 200, "query": { "bool": { "filter": { "geo_bounding_box": { "location": { "bottom_left": { "lat": 51.1, "lon": 2.6 }, "top_right": { "lat": 51.2, "lon": 2.7 } } } } } } } Requires “geo point” typed field Draw a “box”
46. Relevance
47. POST /blog/_search { "_source": ["title"], "query": { "bool": { "must": [ { "match": { "title": "varnish thijs" } }, { "bool": { "filter": { "term": { "language": "en" } } } } ] } } }
48. { "took": 3, "timed_out": false, "_shards": { "total": 5, "successful": 5, "failed": 0 }, "hits": { "total": 8, "max_score": 1.984594, "hits": [ { "_index": "blog", "_type": "post", "_id": "4275", "_score": 1.984594, "fields": { "title": [ "Thijs Feryn gave a demo of Varnish Cache on WordPress during a Future Insights we ] } }, { "_index": "blog", "_type": "post", "_id": "6238", "_score": 0.8335616, "fields": { "title": [ "PROXY protocol support in Varnish" ] } }, { Hits both terms. More relevant
49. POST /blog/_search?_source=false { "query": { "bool": { "filter": { "term": { "category": "PHPBenelux" } } } } } Using a filter instead of a query We don’t care about the source
50. { "took": 2, "timed_out": false, "_shards": { "total": 5, "successful": 5, "failed": 0 }, "hits": { "total": 4, "max_score": 0, "hits": [ { "_index": "blog", "_type": "post", "_id": "6700", "_score": 0 }, { "_index": "blog", "_type": "post", "_id": "13425", "_score": 0 }, { "_index": "blog", "_type": "post", "_id": "6254", "_score": 0 }, No relevance on filters Score is always 0
51. POST /blog/_search { "_source": ["title", "category"], "query": { "bool": { "must": [ { "match": { "title": "thijs feryn" } } ], "should": [ { "match": { "category": "Varnish" } } ] } } } Only search for “thijs feryn” Increase relevance if category contains “Varnish”
52. POST /blog/_search { "_source": ["title", "category"], "query": { "bool": { "must_not": [ { "bool": { "filter": { "term": { "author": "Romy" } } } } ], "should": [ { "match": { "category": "Magento" } } ] } } } Increase relevance Combining filters & queries
53. POST /blog/_search { "query": { "bool": { "should": [ { "match": { "title": { "query": "Magento", "boost" : 3 } } }, { "match": { "title": { "query": "Wordpress", "boost" : 2 } } } ] } } } Increase relevance Query- time boosting
54. Multi index multi type
55. /_search /products/_search /products/product/_search /products,clients/_search /pro*/_search /pro*,cli*/_search /products/product,invoice/_search /products/pro*/_search /_all/product/_search /_all/product,invoice/_search /_all/pro*/_search
56. Multi “all the things”
57. Aggregations
58. Group by on steroids
59. SELECT author, COUNT(guid) FROM blog.post GROUP BY author Aggregations in SQL Metric Bucket
60. SELECT author, COUNT(guid) FROM blog.post GROUP BY author POST /blog/post/_search?pretty { "size": 0 "aggs": { "popular_bloggers": { "terms": { "field": "author" } } } } Only aggs, no docs
61. }, "aggregations": { "popular_bloggers": { "doc_count_error_upper_bound": 0, "sum_other_doc_count": 1, "buckets": [ { "key": "Romy", "doc_count": 458 }, { "key": "Jimmy Cappaert", "doc_count": 160 }, { "key": "Tom", "doc_count": 144 }, { "key": "Combell", "doc_count": 143 }, { "key": "Christophe", "doc_count": 32 }, { "key": "Dorien Marinus", "doc_count": 19 }, { Aggregation output
62. POST /blog/_search { "query": { "match": { "title": "varnish" } }, "aggs": { "popular_bloggers": { "terms": { "field": "author", "size": 10 }, "aggs": { "used_languages": { "terms": { "field": "language", "size": 10 } } } } } } Nested multi-group by alongside query
63. "hits": [] }, "aggregations": { "popular_bloggers": { "doc_count_error_upper_bound": 0, "sum_other_doc_count": 0, "buckets": [ { "key": "Romy", "doc_count": 6, "used_languages": { "doc_count_error_upper_bound": 0, "sum_other_doc_count": 0, "buckets": [ { "key": "en", "doc_count": 4 }, { "key": "nl", "doc_count": 2 } ] } }, { "key": "Combell", "doc_count": 5, "used_languages": { "doc_count_error_upper_bound": 0, "sum_other_doc_count": 0, "buckets": [ { "key": "nl", "doc_count": 4 }, { "key": "en", "doc_count": 1 } ] } }, { Aggregation output
64. Avg Aggregation Cardinality Aggregation Extended Stats Aggregation Geo Bounds Aggregation Geo Centroid Aggregation Max Aggregation Min Aggregation Percentiles Aggregation Percentile Ranks Aggregation Scripted Metric Aggregation Stats Aggregation Sum Aggregation Top hits Aggregation Value Count Aggregation Children Aggregation Date Histogram Aggregation Date Range Aggregation Diversified Sampler Aggregation Filter Aggregation Filters Aggregation Geo Distance Aggregation GeoHash grid Aggregation Global Aggregation Histogram Aggregation IP Range Aggregation Missing Aggregation Nested Aggregation Range Aggregation Reverse nested Aggregation Sampler Aggregation Significant Terms Aggregation Terms Aggregation Avg Bucket Aggregation Derivative Aggregation Max Bucket Aggregation Min Bucket Aggregation Sum Bucket Aggregation Stats Bucket Aggregation Extended Stats Bucket Aggregation Percentiles Bucket Aggregation Moving Average Aggregation Cumulative Sum Aggregation Bucket Script Aggregation Bucket Selector Aggregation Serial Differencing Aggregation Matrix Stats
65. Managing Elasticsearch
66. Plenty of ways … for which we don’t have enough time
67. Clustering
68. Single node 2 node cluster 3 node cluster
69. Example config settings node.rack: my-location node.master: true node.data: true http.enabled: true cluster.name: my-cluster node.name: my-node index.number_of_shards: 5 index.number_of_replicas: 1 discovery.zen.minimum_master_nodes: 2
70. GET /_cat
71. GET /_cat =^.^= /_cat/repositories /_cat/fielddata /_cat/fielddata/{fields} /_cat/recovery /_cat/recovery/{index} /_cat/allocation /_cat/pending_tasks /_cat/health /_cat/shards /_cat/shards/{index} /_cat/plugins /_cat/thread_pool /_cat/thread_pool/{thread_pools}/_cat/templates /_cat/master /_cat/tasks /_cat/segments /_cat/segments/{index} /_cat/indices /_cat/indices/{index} /_cat/aliases /_cat/aliases/{alias} /_cat/count /_cat/count/{index} /_cat/nodeattrs /_cat/snapshots/{repository} /_cat/nodes Non-JSON output
72. GET /_cat/shards?v index shard prirep state docs store ip node my-index 2 r STARTED 6 7.2kb 192.168.10.142 node3 my-index 2 p STARTED 6 9.5kb 192.168.10.142 node2 my-index 0 p STARTED 4 7.1kb 192.168.10.142 node3 my-index 0 r STARTED 4 4.8kb 192.168.10.142 node2 my-index 3 r STARTED 5 7.1kb 192.168.10.142 node1 my-index 3 p STARTED 5 7.2kb 192.168.10.142 node3 my-index 1 p STARTED 1 2.4kb 192.168.10.142 node1 my-index 1 r STARTED 1 2.4kb 192.168.10.142 node2 my-index 4 p STARTED 5 9.5kb 192.168.10.142 node1 my-index 4 r STARTED 5 9.4kb 192.168.10.142 node3 5 shards & a single replica by default
73. GET /_cat/health?v&h=cluster,status,node.total,shards,pri,unassign,init cluster status node.total shards pri unassign init mycluster green 3 12 6 0 0 Cluster health
74. The ELK stack
76. Logs Parse & ship Store Visualize
77. Beats •File beat •Top beat •Packet beat •Winlog beat
78. Logs Parse Store Visualize Ship
80. Integrating Elasticsearch
81. It’s REST, deal with it!
82. Or just use an API PHP Java Perl Python Ruby .NET
83. Try it yourself! http://github.com/ thijsferyn/ elasticsearch_tutorial