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swift-either-type
to4iki
March 31, 2015
Programming
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94
swift-either-type
https://github.com/to4iki/EitherSwift
to4iki
March 31, 2015
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Transcript
(Ծ)SwiftͰܕΛॻ ͍ͯΈͨ 2015-03-28 Meetup toshiki takezawa @to4iki
୭ʁ • ᖒढ़ق • 2012/4ೖࣾ • ث: Ruby, Scala, Swift
• ઌ30cm΄ͲΛͬͯผਓʹ • ઌ৽װઢʹͬͨ
ԿͬͯΜͷɺͬͯͨʁ • ιγϟήͷAPI࡞ • ిࢠϚϯΨͷϓϥοτϑΥʔϜΛ࡞͍ͬͯ· ͢ • ઌiOSΞϓϦΛϦϦʔε͠·ͨ͠
λΠτϧҒͦ͏͕ͩɺͷ ࣗ࡞ϥΠϒϥϦͷհ
ܕ
ܕ ͱݺΕΔͷ͕͋ΔΒ͍͠ݴޠ • Scala • Haskell • TypeScript 1.4 Union
Type
ྫ. Α͋͘Δྫ֎ॲཧ (scalaͰ)
try ~ catch ~ finally Javaͱಉ͡ try {
f() // throw new Exception() } catch { case e: Exception1 => ... case e: Exception2 => ... } finally { ... }
ؔܕϓϩάϥϛϯάͰ ྫ֎ͷΘΓʹ ࣦഊΛදݱ͢Δܕͱ ͦͷΛ༻͍Δ
Option nullճආ • ͕ͳ͍͜ͱΛܕͰදݱɻശͱߟ͑Δ • Some(A) or None • nullࢀর
Λഉআͯ͠Optional Λಋೖ͢Δ͜ͱͰɺ ϓϩάϥϚʹΤϥʔॲཧΛڧ੍͠ɺͦͷΑ͏ͳό άΛະવʹ͙͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖Δɻ • Promiseಉ͡(কདྷతʹத()͕ಘΒΕΔശ)
def head[A](xs: List[A]) = if(xs.isEmpty) None else
Some(xs.head) head(List()) // None head(List(1,2,3)) // Some(1) head(List(1,2,3)).map { x => x + 12 } // Some(13) head(List(1,2,3)).getOrElse(0) // 1 head(List()).getOrElse(0) // 0
Either[A, B] ܕ • ;ͨͭͷܕͷΛͭՄೳੑ͕͋Δ͜ͱΛࣔ ͢ܕ • ޭͷใΛRightͰɺࣦഊͷใΛLeftͰද ݱ͢Δ
def parseInt(s: String): Either[Exception, Int] = try Right(s.toInt)
catch { case e:Exception => Left(e) } parseInt(“256") // Right(256) parseInt(“abc") // Left(java.lang.NumberFormatException: For input string: “abc") parseInt("256").right map { _.toFloat } // Right(256.0) parseInt("abc").right map { _.toFloat } // ݁Ռ͕Left(Exception)ͷ߹ɺtoFloat࣮ߦ͞Εͣʹɺ ExceptionΛ͢Δ
ଞʹ • Try[A] • ྫ֎Λ͛ΔՄೳੑͷ͋ΔॲཧΛநԽ • https://gist.github.com/j5ik2o/5471851 • scalaz.Validation[E, A]
• Τϥʔͷू߹ or ݁Ռͷσʔλ
SwiftͰ͍͍ͨͳ…
લఏ • try ~ catch: ແ͍ɻiOSͰྫ֎ൃੜͨ͠Βࡴ ͢จԽ • Option: nullͷΘΓʹΤϥʔใΛ࣋ͯͳ͍
• ErrorΛtupleͰฦ͢ͷ؆қతʹΞϦ
ఆٛ
• ੵ • ͲͪΒ͔ΒɺΛऔΕΔ → tuple • • ͲͪΒ͔͔ΒɺΛऔΔ
→ enum • ΤϥʔॲཧΛͯ͠ཉ͍͠ͱ͍͏ҙਤΛܕͱͯ͠໌ࣔͰ͖Δ • OptionͷNullνΣοΫΛͯ͠ཉ͍͠ࣄΛܕͰදݱग़དྷΔͷͱಉ͡ • tupleͱҧ͍ਖ਼ৗܥͱΤϥʔܥͷذΛࣗવʹॻ͚Δ
ScalaͷeitherΛॻ͍ͯΈͨ!
https://github.com/to4iki/EitherSwift
// example let result: Either<Error, Int> = parseInt(“2”)
// fold -‐ ਖ਼ৗܥͱΤϥʔܥͷذΛࣗવʹ result.fold( { (e: Error) -‐> String in "left" }, { (s: Int) -‐> String in "right"} ) // right // getOrElse(&&) result.right.getOrElse { 0 } // 2 result.right ?? 0 // 2 // map result.left.map { $0.reason + "left" } // .Left() result.right.map { $0 + 2 } // .Right(4) // flatMap result.left.flatMap { _ in Either<Error, Int>(right: 12) } // .Left() result.right.flatMap { _ in Either<Error, Int>(right: 12) } // .Right(12)
// example let result: Either<Error, Int> = parseInt(“2”)
// chain // Like null Coalescing Operator result.chain { (i: Int) -‐> Either<Error, Int> in Either(right: i * i) } // .Right(4) parseInt("a").chain { (i: Int) -‐> Either<Error, Int> in Either(right: i * i) } //.Left("parse error") // recover / recoverWith // like null Coalescing Operator result.recoverWith { Either(right: 0) } // .Right(2) parseInt("a").recoverWith { Either(right: 0) } // .Right(0) parseInt("a").recoverWith({ parseInt("b") }).recoverWith({ parseInt("3") }) // .Right(3) parseInt("a").recover { 1 } // .Right(1)
Α͔ͬͨΒ˒͚ͭͯԼ͍͞!
͋Γ͕ͱ͏͍͟͝·ͨ͠