Docker マルチステージビルドで幸せコンテナライフ / Understanding docker's multi-stage builds

Docker v17.05 から導入された multi-stage builds 機能とは何か、どんな問題を解決するためのものなのかをまとめました.

Presented at Docker Tokyo.

Transcript

1. SUPINF Inc. // twitter.com/toricls
   multi-stage builds
   Yasuhiro HARA
   May 23, 2017
   

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2. SUPINF Inc. // twitter.com/toricls
   multi-stage builds (v17.05~)
   

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3. SUPINF Inc. // twitter.com/toricls
   Multi-stage builds
   ୘ٵƛǷȏǭǗȗǪǑǝǬ೐Ɣ
   ǹDžLjȏƛƱƷ΂ƷŹƔźƸݮ੧
   

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4. SUPINF Inc. // twitter.com/toricls
   # Artifacts Builder
   FROM golang:1.8.2 AS builder
   WORKDIR /go/src/github.com/toricls/repos
   COPY app.go .
   RUN CGO_ENABLED=0 GOOS=linux go build -a -installsuffix cgo -o app .
   # Runner
   FROM scratch
   COPY --from=builder /go/src/github.com/toricls/repos/app /
   CMD ["/app"]
   multi-stage builds
   ./Dockerfile
   

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5. SUPINF Inc. // twitter.com/toricls
   # Artifacts Builder
   FROM golang:1.8.2 AS builder
   WORKDIR /go/src/github.com/toricls/repos
   COPY app.go .
   RUN CGO_ENABLED=0 GOOS=linux go build -a -installsuffix cgo -o app .
   # Runner
   FROM scratch
   COPY --from=builder /go/src/github.com/toricls/repos/app /
   CMD ["/app"]
   multi-stage builds
   1 Ƒƛ Dockerfile ˰ƘґϺƆƸ 2 ƑƛǷȏǭǗȗǪǑǝǬ
   

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6. SUPINF Inc. // twitter.com/toricls
   Multi-stage builds
   ୘ٵƛǷȏǭǗȗǪǑǝǬ೐ƛ
   ʓґ֕ƿ৤इƘ୴మƂƈƓżƹƸݮ੧
   

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7. SUPINF Inc. // twitter.com/toricls
   multi-stage builds
   https://www.slideshare.net/Docker/dockercon-2017-general-session-day-1-solomon-hykes-75362520
   

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8. SUPINF Inc. // twitter.com/toricls
   multi-stage builds
   Ɩƹżƶű౐ųƛ෇
   

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9. SUPINF Inc. // twitter.com/toricls
   FROM golang:1.8.2
   WORKDIR /go/src/github.com/toricls/repos
   RUN go get -d -v github.com/pkg/errors
   COPY app.go .
   RUN CGO_ENABLED=0 GOOS=linux go build -a
   -installsuffix cgo -o app .
   CMD ["./app"]
   Ɩƹżƶű۪̌ȥŹƷƛLjȅȜǜǙLjǞƘ౐űŹůƸŸ
   FROM golang:1.8.2 AS builder
   WORKDIR /go/src/github.com/toricls/repos
   RUN go get -d -v github.com/pkg/errors
   COPY app.go .
   RUN CGO_ENABLED=0 GOOS=linux go build -a
   -installsuffix cgo -o app .
   FROM scratch
   COPY --from=builder /go/src/github.com/
   toricls/repos/app /
   CMD ["/app"]
   ڰ఻ƘǷȏǭƄƌƱƑ multi-stage buildsƄƌƱƑ
   

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10. SUPINF Inc. // twitter.com/toricls
    FROM golang:1.8.2
    WORKDIR /go/src/github.com/toricls/repos
    RUN go get -d -v github.com/pkg/errors
    COPY app.go .
    RUN CGO_ENABLED=0 GOOS=linux go build -a
    -installsuffix cgo -o app .
    CMD ["./app"]
    Ɩƹżƶű۪̌ȥŹƷƛLjȅȜǜǙLjǞƘ౐űŹůƸŸ
    FROM golang:1.8.2 AS builder
    WORKDIR /go/src/github.com/toricls/repos
    RUN go get -d -v github.com/pkg/errors
    COPY app.go .
    RUN CGO_ENABLED=0 GOOS=linux go build -a
    -installsuffix cgo -o app .
    FROM scratch
    COPY --from=builder /go/src/github.com/
    toricls/repos/app /
    CMD ["/app"]
    ڰ఻ƘǷȏǭƄƌƱƑ multi-stage buildƄƌƱƑ
    + +
    

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11. SUPINF Inc. // twitter.com/toricls
    

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12. SUPINF Inc. // twitter.com/toricls
    multi-stage buildsɪ̣ƛɛൂƛњ೗ƛދΒ
    

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13. SUPINF Inc. // twitter.com/toricls
    ఍ಊƔࡒ൜ƛƗűLjȅȜǜƿʊƸ̵̰ (~v17.03)
    

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14. SUPINF Inc. // twitter.com/toricls
    ఍ಊƔࡒ൜ƛƗűLjȅȜǜƿʊƸƌƮƛ̵̰\T
    ▶︎ ǽȜǝLjȅȜǜƿ఍ಊƘƆƸ
    ▶︎ Alpine Linux, Scratch...
    ▶︎ ࡒ൜ƗƯƛƿऊż
    ▶︎ ޠΙű
    ▶︎ Ƿȏǭࣄƕҩ଻ࣄƔ̘ƛLjȅȜǜƿʎų
    

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15. SUPINF Inc. // twitter.com/toricls
    ఍ಊƔࡒ൜ƛƗűLjȅȜǜƿʊƸƌƮƛ̵̰\T
    ▶︎ ǽȜǝLjȅȜǜƿ఍ಊƘƆƸ
    ▶︎ Alpine Linux, Scratch...
    ▶︎ ࡒ൜ƗƯƛƿऊż
    ▶︎ ޠΙű
    ▶︎ Ƿȏǭࣄƕҩ଻ࣄƔ̘ƛLjȅȜǜƿʎų
    ࡽƘƀƀƘ
    ߦŽƫƄṵ̵̋Ź
    

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16. SUPINF Inc. // twitter.com/toricls
    ఍ಊƔࡒ൜ƛƗűLjȅȜǜƿʊƸƌƮƛ̵̰\T
    Builder Pattern
    

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17. SUPINF Inc. // twitter.com/toricls
    ఍ಊƔࡒ൜ƛƗűLjȅȜǜƿʊƸƌƮƛ̵̰\T
    Builder Pattern - Golang -
    

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18. SUPINF Inc. // twitter.com/toricls
    ఍ಊƔࡒ൜ƛƗűLjȅȜǜƿʊƸƌƮƛ̵̰\T SGJBCP.?RRCPL%MJ?LE
    FROM golang:1.8.2
    WORKDIR /go/src/github.com/toricls/repos
    RUN go get -d -v github.com/pkg/errors
    COPY app.go .
    RUN CGO_ENABLED=0 GOOS=linux \
    go build -a -installsuffix cgo -o app .
    FROM scratch
    COPY app /
    CMD ["/app"]
    ./Dockerfile.build ./Dockerfile (ҩ଻ࣄ)
    

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19. SUPINF Inc. // twitter.com/toricls
    ఍ಊƔࡒ൜ƛƗűLjȅȜǜƿʊƸƌƮƛ̵̰\T SGJBCP.?RRCPL%MJ?LE
    `Builder pattern` ƛҩࢨƘƜGlueǗȜǭࣶƗƯƛŹքୟ
    #!/bin/sh
    #!/bin/sh
    # Builder
    docker build -t my-image:builder . -f Dockerfile.build
    #!/bin/sh
    # Builder
    docker build -t my-image:builder . -f Dockerfile.build
    # Extract artifacts
    docker create --name artifacts my-image:builder
    #!/bin/sh
    # Builder
    docker build -t my-image:builder . -f Dockerfile.build
    # Extract artifacts
    docker create --name artifacts my-image:builder
    docker cp artifacts:/go/src/github.com/toricls/repos/app ./app
    #!/bin/sh
    # Builder
    docker build -t my-image:builder . -f Dockerfile.build
    # Extract artifacts
    docker create --name artifacts my-image:builder
    docker cp artifacts:/go/src/github.com/toricls/repos/app ./app
    docker rm -f artifacts
    #!/bin/sh
    # Builder
    docker build -t my-image:builder . -f Dockerfile.build
    # Extract artifacts
    docker create --name artifacts my-image:builder
    docker cp artifacts:/go/src/github.com/toricls/repos/app ./app
    docker rm -f artifacts
    # Build runtime image
    docker build --no-cache -t my-image:latest . -f Dockerfile
    

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20. SUPINF Inc. // twitter.com/toricls
    ఍ಊƔࡒ൜ƛƗűLjȅȜǜƿʊƸƌƮƛ̵̰\T
    GoƜǴLjǮȎ׼˥ƆƹƝűűƍƺųžƖ
    ɤƛ୭கƍƕƖųƄƓƌƛ෇
    

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21. SUPINF Inc. // twitter.com/toricls
    ఍ಊƔࡒ൜ƛƗűLjȅȜǜƿʊƸƌƮƛƌƳƫƙ̵̰\T
    Builder Pattern - Ruby on Rails -
    

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22. SUPINF Inc. // twitter.com/toricls
    FROM ruby:2.4.1-alpine
    # Install Runtime Packages
    libxslt, yaml, postgresql-client ...
    ఍ಊƔࡒ൜ƛƗűLjȅȜǜƿʊƸƌƮƛƌƳƫƙ̵̰\T SGJBCP.?RRCPL0S@WML0?GJQ
    ./Dockerfile.base
    ./Dockerfile.builder
    ./Dockerfile.base.builder
    ./Dockerfile (ҩ଻ࣄ)
    FROM my-base:latest
    # Install Development Packages
    libxslt-dev, yaml-dev, postgresql-dev ...
    FROM my-base:latest
    WORKDIR /app
    COPY . /app
    CMD ["bundle", "exec", "rails", "server"...
    FROM my-base-builder:latest
    # Install Gems, Compile Assets
    ...
    

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23. SUPINF Inc. // twitter.com/toricls
    FROM ruby:2.4.1-alpine
    # Install Runtime Packages
    ...
    FROM my-base:latest
    # Install Development Packages
    ...
    FROM my-base:latest
    WORKDIR /app
    COPY . /app
    CMD ["bundle", "exec", "rails", "server"...
    FROM my-base-builder:latest
    # Install Gems, Compile Assets
    ...
    ఍ಊƔࡒ൜ƛƗűLjȅȜǜƿʊƸƌƮƛƌƳƫƙ̵̰\T SGJBCP.?RRCPL0S@WML0?GJQ
    ./Dockerfile.base
    ./Dockerfile.builder
    ./Dockerfile.base.builder
    ./Dockerfile
    
    

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24. SUPINF Inc. // twitter.com/toricls
    multi-stage builds
    

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25. SUPINF Inc. // twitter.com/toricls
    # Artifacts Builder
    FROM golang:1.8.2 AS builder
    WORKDIR /go/src/github.com/toricls/repos
    RUN go get -d -v github.com/pkg/errors
    COPY app.go .
    RUN CGO_ENABLED=0 GOOS=linux go build -a -installsuffix cgo -o app .
    # Runner
    FROM scratch
    COPY --from=builder /go/src/github.com/toricls/repos/app /
    CMD ["/app"]
    multi-stage builds
    ./Dockerfile
    

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26. SUPINF Inc. // twitter.com/toricls
    ƫƕƮ
    multi-stage builds ƿȥ׮Ƙ̙ࣄƄƓ
    ఍ಊƔࡒ൜ƛƗűLjȅȜǜƿ
    ɟƫƔƵƷƯݓƘ ׮Ƙ˥ƹƫƄƴų
    

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27. SUPINF Inc. // twitter.com/toricls
    References
    

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28. SUPINF Inc. // twitter.com/toricls
    References
    ▶︎ Use multi-stage builds - Docker Documentation
    ▶︎ https://docs.docker.com/engine/userguide/eng-image/multistage-build/
    ▶︎ Builder pattern vs. Multi-stage builds in Docker
    ▶︎ http://blog.alexellis.io/mutli-stage-docker-builds/
    

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29. 
    SUPINF Inc. // twitter.com/toricls
    Thank you :)
    

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