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Help the hackers get your data

Help the hackers get your data

In May 2018 something happened to the internet, GDPR came online,
and suddenly users in the EU had a lot more rights to their digital privacy,
which is awesome. But on the flip side the implementation of the GDPR and
procedures regarding it, are very vague and were meant to be written as
we go along, with whatever comes up as best practices.
Books and talks have been written and given about the data encryption, problems
encountered with event sourcing systems, questionaries about the purposes of
collecting user data... So many words and hours of many lives spent...
Yet, something has been overlooked, something so basic, we do not even notice it.
If you are working on an enterprise-class project or on other large projects,
you might have an infra team that would deal with this and tell you what you need
to do to be secure (at least good ones will)
But... if you are working on smaller projects, and you have mom and pop shops
to support, you deserve the same level of security bigger projects have...
I am talking about secrets and credentials management for your application, the most
overlooked aspect of any application.
This talk gives you a look at secrets management and security from the business side of things and tries to give you actionable information on how to talk to your clients, and bosses about this subject

Vranac Srdjan

December 16, 2019
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Transcript

  1. HELP THE HACKERS GET YOUR DATA
    @vranac - Software Crafting Serbia

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  2. WHOAMI
    Srdjan Vranac
    Founder/Team Lead @ Code4Hire
    Architecture/Software consultant
    I make developers uncomfortable and engineers happy
    @vranac - Software Crafting Serbia

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  3. WHOAMI
    @vranac - Software Crafting Serbia

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  4. HELP THE HACKERS GET YOUR DATA
    IF YOU WANT TO EXPERIENCE SOME
    VERY VERY VERY VERY VERY
    UNPLEASANT THINGS AND DEPENDING
    ON WHOSE DATA THEY GOT EVEN FACE
    JAIL TIME
    @vranac - Software Crafting Serbia

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  5. SECURITY IS IMPORTANT
    M'KAY
    @vranac - Software Crafting Serbia

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  6. TOO MANY SECRETS
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  7. Good software engineer has
    technical skills,
    communications skills
    AND business skills
    — Antonio Peric-Mazar (Locastic CEO)
    @vranac - Software Crafting Serbia

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  8. Take off your developers hat
    Focus on the business goals
    less on academics
    — David Cramer (Sentry CEO)
    from "Mastering Duct Tape" PyCon balkan 2018
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  9. COST OF NOT HANDLING SECURITY
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  10. COST AND SECURITY
    ARE
    AFTERTHOUGHT
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  11. BY THINKING IN TERMS OF
    COST AND EXPENSES
    SECURITY STARTS TO CLIMB MORE AND
    MORE ON THE PRIORITY LIST
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  12. LOW HANGING FRUIT
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  13. @vranac - Software Crafting Serbia

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  14. DATA BREACHES EXPOSED
    4.1 BILLION RECORDS
    IN FIRST SIX MONTHS OF
    2019
    @vranac - Software Crafting Serbia

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  15. It's a s#1t show,
    but you front row
    — Lil Wayne, "Uproar"
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  16. COMMON WAYS OF
    REVEALING YOUR
    SECRETS?
    @vranac - Software Crafting Serbia

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  17. MALICIOUS PARTY
    GAINING ACCESS TO YOUR
    INFRASTRUCTURE
    @vranac - Software Crafting Serbia

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  18. @vranac - Software Crafting Serbia

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  19. @vranac - Software Crafting Serbia

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  20. @vranac - Software Crafting Serbia

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  21. You don't store your users passwords in your database,
    yet the access-credentials to said database are written
    down in cleartext in a file on your server.
    — Andreas Heigl
    @vranac - Software Crafting Serbia

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  22. @vranac - Software Crafting Serbia

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  23. 15 MINUTES
    OF PUBLIC AVAILABLITY
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  24. LESSON IN CHAOS
    ENGINEERING
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  25. HEY LOOK, IT'S GONE...
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  26. LESSON IS ACTUALLY A MASTERCLASS
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  27. AN EMAIL A DAY KEEPS
    THE CHAOS MONKEY AWAY
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  28. SCORCHED EARTH POLICY
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  29. @vranac - Software Crafting Serbia

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  30. ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
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  31. @vranac - Software Crafting Serbia

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  32. @vranac - Software Crafting Serbia

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  33. CONTAINERS!!!111
    @vranac - Software Crafting Serbia

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  34. @vranac - Software Crafting Serbia

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  35. DOCKER SECRETS!!!
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  36. IF OPS TEAM ALLOWS THIS!
    PLEASE HAVE A TALK WITH THEM!
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  37. CONSEQUENCES
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  38. LIABILITY
    &
    CRIMINAL NEGLIGENCE
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  39. @vranac - Software Crafting Serbia

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  40. CERTIFICATION
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  41. SECRETS MANAGEMENT
    COST/DAMAGE CONTROL
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  42. HOW CAN THIS SITUATION
    BE IMPROVED?
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  43. SECRETS MANAGEMENT
    APPLICATIONS
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  44. EASE OF SETUP AND
    OPERATION
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  45. SECRET ROTATION
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  46. DYNAMIC SECRETS
    {{ USERNAME }}:{{ password }}@tcp({{ mysql_server }}:3306)/{{ DATABASE }}
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  47. ENCRYPTION
    IN TRANSPORT AND AT
    REST
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  48. CHOICES OF BACKENDS
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  49. COST
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  50. Ansible Vault, Barbican, Chef Data Bags, Chef Vault,
    Citadel, Confidant, Configuration Storage Systems
    (Consul, etcd, Zookeeper), Conjur, Crypt, EJSON, Keywhiz,
    Knox, Red October, Trousseau, Vault (Hashicorp)
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  51. AWS SECRETS MANAGER
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  52. EXAMPLE 1: PRODUCTION-SCALE WEB APPLICATION
    Cost Dimensions
    - 2 SSH keys per server and 5 database credentials per database.
    - 2 API calls per SSH key per day. 24 API calls per database credential per day.
    - 7 API calls per database credential per week to rotate credentials safely.
    15 secrets (2 SSH keys * 1 load balancer
    + 2 SSH keys * 2 web servers
    + 2 SSH keys * 2 app servers
    + 5 database credentials * 1 database)
    @ $0.40 / secret / month
    4,040 API calls (2 SSH keys/server * 5 servers * 1 API call/day * 30 days
    + 5 database credentials * 1 database * 24 API calls/day * 30 days
    + 5 database credentials * 1 database * 7 API calls/week * 4 weeks) @ $0.05/10,000 calls
    $6.02 TOTAL (PER MONTH)
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  53. EXAMPLE 2: USING EPHEMERAL SECRETS TO
    AUTHENTICATE MICRO SERVICES
    Cost Dimensions
    5M secrets (each valid for 1 hour).
    2 API calls per secret per month.
    Note: Since these secrets are stored in Secrets Manager for an hour,
    the price per secret is calculated as
    $0.40 * 1 hour / (30 days * 24 hours) = $0.00056 / secret/ hour
    $2,800.00 5M secrets @ $0.00056 / secret/ hour
    $50.00 10M API calls (5M secret * 2 API calls) @ $0.05/10,000 calls
    $2,850.00 TOTAL (PER MONTH)
    @vranac - Software Crafting Serbia

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  54. HASHICORP VAULT
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  55. GOOD FIT?
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  56. SHAMIR'S SECRET
    SHARING ALGORITHM
    @vranac - Software Crafting Serbia

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  57. VAULT OPERATES
    EXCLUSIVELY IN A
    WHITELIST MODE
    @vranac - Software Crafting Serbia

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  58. EVERYTHING IS AWESOME? RIGHT?
    > sealing/unsealing
    > http calls
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  59. HOW DOES IT ALL FIT TOGETHER:
    > vault token goes into config (ironic, I know)
    > token gets sent to the vault server, and client token is
    returned
    > only retrieval of secrets granted by the ACL assigned is
    possible
    > when lease on client token expires, vault token is used
    to obtain new one
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  60. IN CASE OF BREACH:
    > your tripwire system is triggered
    > your files are downloaded (possibly config as well)
    > you remove server from public
    > you rotate the token generated
    > you update the config
    > you make server publicly available
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  61. BUT DO YOU USE SECRET MANAGEMENT ON EVERY
    PROJECT?
    > user data, maybe PII, maybe not? yes
    > any kind of sensitive data? yes
    > any kind of payments on the system? definitely yes
    @vranac - Software Crafting Serbia

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  62. FINAL WORDS
    @vranac - Software Crafting Serbia

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  63. average cost of a large data breach (in which more than
    one million records are lost) in 2018 was
    $3.9 MILLION DOLLARS
    @vranac - Software Crafting Serbia

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  64. THANK YOU!
    QUESTIONS?
    @vranac - Software Crafting Serbia

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