文献紹介：Attention is not not Explanation

จݙ঺հʢʣ Attention is not not Explanation Sarah Wiegreffe, Yuval Pinter
EMNLP2019 ௕Ԭٕज़Պֶେֶ ࣗવݴޠॲཧݚڀࣨɹ ૬ాɹଠҰ

"CTUSBDU w l"UUFOUJPOJTOPU&YQMBOBUJPOzͷओு͸&YQMBOBUJPOͷఆٛʹґଘ w ͋ΒΏΔཁૉΛߟྀͰ͖ΔΑ͏ʹɺͭͷ࣮ݧΛఏҊ͠ɺߦͳͬͨ w ୅ΘΓͱͳΔ෼෍͕"UUFOUJPOΑΓ΋͏·͘ಈ࡞͠ͳ͔ͬͨͷͰɺ "UUFOUJPOͷ༗༻ੑΛ൱ఆ͢Δ͜ͱ͸Ͱ͖ͳ͍͜ͱ͕Θ͔ͬͨ !2

"UUFOUJPOJTOPU&YQMBOBUJPO w"UUFOUJPOTDPSFͱॏཁͳࢦඪʢMFBWFPOFPVU HSBEJFOUʣͱͷؒʹ૬ؔ ͕ͳ͔ͬͨ w"UUFOUJPOͷ෼෍ΛϥϯμϜʹม͑ͨ࣌ʹ΄΅มΘΒͳ͍݁Ռ͕ग़ͨ wࢀߟɿIUUQTTQFBLFSEFDLDPNPLBZVXFOYJBOTIBPKJF BUUFOUJPOJTOPUFYQMBOBUJPO ˠ"UUFOUJPO͸&YQMBOBUJPOʢઆ໌Λఏڙ͢Δ΋ͷʣ ɹͰ͸ͳ͍ʁ !3

&YQFSJNFOU ɾ+8ɿઌߦݚڀ ɾjɿ෼ྨλεΫ ɾjɿ෼ࢄΛ֬ೝ ɾjɿ෼෍ͷ਍அ ɾjɿఢରతֶश !4

&YQFSJNFOUBM4FUVQ w @ ɾl"UUFOUJPOJTOPU&YQMBOBUJPOzͱ΄΅ಉ͡ ɾϞσϧɿ૒ํ޲-45. "UUFOUJPO !5

%FpOJUJPOT Ҿ༻ɿIUUQTTQFBLFSEFDLDPNPLBZVXFOYJBOTIBPKJFBUUFOUJPOJTOPUFYQMBOBUJPO TMJEF ɾl"UUFOUJPOJTOPU&YQMBOBUJPOzͱಉ͡ !6

&YQFSJNFOUj෼ྨλεΫ w "UUFOUJPOͷඞཁੑΛௐ΂ͯɺ෼ྨ λεΫͱσʔληοτͷଥ౰ੑΛ֬ೝ w "UUFOUJPO͕ඞཁͰ͋Δ৔߹ɺ#BTF ͱ6OJGPSNʢ"UUFOUJPOͷॏΈ͕ɹ ۉҰʣͷؒͰ݁Ռ͕ѱԽ͢Δ͸ͣ w ͭͷ෼ྨλεΫͰ͸ɺ"UUFOUJPOΛ
༻͍ͯ΋΄ͱΜͲվળ͠ͳ͍ w Ҏ߱ɺ͜ͷͭͷதͰ445ͷΈѻ͏ !7

&YQFSJNFOUj෼ࢄͷ֬ೝ !8 ɾઌߦݚڀͰಘΒΕͨ෼ࢄ͕ ɹਖ਼͘͠ಘΒΕ͍ͯΔ͔֬ೝ ɾॳظԽͷϥϯμϜγʔυΛ ɹ࢖༻ͯͭ͠ͷϞσϧͰ෼ੳ ɹʢTFFEʣ ɾఢରతͳϞσϧ ɹʢBEWFSTBSZʣ

3FTVMUj෼ࢄͷ֬ೝ !9 ɾϥϯμϜγʔυͷมߋʹରͯ͠ ɹϩόετͰ͋Δ

&YQFSJNFOUj෼෍ͷ਍அ w 6OJGPSNɿ.-1ग़ྗΛۉ౳ʹߟྀ w 5SBJOFE.-1ɿ.-1ʹ "UUFOUJPOΛֶशͤ͞Δ w #BTF-45.ɿγϯϓϧͳ-45. ͷ"UUFOUJPOMBZFSͰී௨ʹֶश w
"EWFSTBSZɿఢରతֶशͰಘΒΕ ͨ෼෍ʹجͮ͘ ͭͷॏΈͷ෼෍Ͱ j ͱಉ༷ʹ෼ྨ λεΫΛղ͖ɺൺֱ͢Δ !10

3FTVMUj෼෍ͷ਍அ w 6OJGPSNɿ.-1ग़ྗΛۉ౳ʹߟྀ w 5SBJOFE.-1ɿ.-1ʹ "UUFOUJPOΛֶशͤ͞Δ w #BTF-45.ɿγϯϓϧͳ-45. ͷ"UUFOUJPOMBZFSͰී௨ʹֶश w
"EWFSTBSZɿఢରతֶशͰಘΒΕ ͨ෼෍ʹجͮ͘ w "UUFOUJPOΛ༻͍ͨ #BTF-45.͕࠷΋ྑ͍ ݁Ռʹͳͬͨ !11

.FUIPEjఢରతֶश w Ҏલͷͭʢj ʣ͸"UUFOUJPOͷ༗ҙੑΛςετ͢Δํ๏ w "UUFOUJPOʹΑΔ෼෍Ҏ֎Ͱɺ"UUFOUJPOͱಉ౳ͷ༧ଌ͕Ͱ͖Δ෼෍Λ ಘΔͨΊʹɺఢରతֶशΛ༻͍Δ w ֬཰తޯ഑߱Լ๏Ͱߋ৽͠ɺϞσϧ.BΛಘΔ
!12

&YQMBOBUJPO w ʮઆ໌Մೳͳ"*ʯɿಁ໌ੑɺઆ໌ՄೳੑɺղऍՄೳੑ w -JQUPO ɿಁ໌ੑΛʮϞσϧͷಛఆͷ෦෼͕ਓ͕ؒཧղͰ͖Δߏ଄ʹରԠ ͢Δํ๏ʯͱఆٛ w 3VEJO
ɿઆ໌ՄೳੑʻղऍՄೳੑͱఆٛ w ʮೖྗͷಛఆͷཁૉʹߴ͍"UUFOUJPOXFJHIU͕͋ΔͱɺϞσϧ͕ͦͷ༧ଌΛ ߦ͏͜ͱʹͭͳ͕Δʁʯ w ෳ਺ͷ෼෍͔Βಉ͡༧ଌ͕ಘΒΕͨ࣌ɺಁ໌ੑͷԼͷഉଞੑʹΑΓɺ "UUFOUJPO͸&YQMBOBUJPOͰ͸ͳ͍ͱ͞ΕΔ !13

$PODMVTJPO w &YQMBOBUJPO͔Ͳ͏͔͸ఆٛʹΑΔ w ༷ʑͳֶशํ๏Ͱಘͨ୅ସͱͳΔ෼෍͸ɺैདྷͷ"UUFOUJPOʹൺ΂ͯ݁ Ռ͕ѱ͔ͬͨʢjʣɻ͜ΕʹΑΓɺ"UUFOUJPO͕τʔΫϯͱ༧ଌͷؔ ܎ʹ͍ͭͯҙٛͷ͋Δ͜ͱΛֶश͍ͯ͠Δͱ͍͏͜ͱ͕ߟ͑ΒΕΔɻ !14

文献紹介：Attention is not not Explanation

文献紹介：Attention is not not Explanation

Taichi Aida

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จݙ঺հʢʣ Attention is not not Explanation Sarah Wiegreffe, Yuval Pinter

"CTUSBDU w l"UUFOUJPOJTOPU&YQMBOBUJPOzͷओு͸&YQMBOBUJPOͷఆٛʹґଘ w ͋ΒΏΔཁૉΛߟྀͰ͖ΔΑ͏ʹɺͭͷ࣮ݧΛఏҊ͠ɺߦͳͬͨ w ୅ΘΓͱͳΔ෼෍͕"UUFOUJPOΑΓ΋͏·͘ಈ࡞͠ͳ͔ͬͨͷͰɺ "UUFOUJPOͷ༗༻ੑΛ൱ఆ͢Δ͜ͱ͸Ͱ͖ͳ͍͜ͱ͕Θ͔ͬͨ !2

&YQFSJNFOU ɾ+8ɿઌߦݚڀ ɾjɿ෼ྨλεΫ ɾjɿ෼ࢄΛ֬ೝ ɾjɿ෼෍ͷ਍அ ɾjɿఢରతֶश !4

&YQFSJNFOUBM4FUVQ w @ ɾl"UUFOUJPOJTOPU&YQMBOBUJPOzͱ΄΅ಉ͡ ɾϞσϧɿ૒ํ޲-45. "UUFOUJPO !5

%FpOJUJPOT Ҿ༻ɿIUUQTTQFBLFSEFDLDPNPLBZVXFOYJBOTIBPKJFBUUFOUJPOJTOPUFYQMBOBUJPO TMJEF ɾl"UUFOUJPOJTOPU&YQMBOBUJPOzͱಉ͡ !6

&YQFSJNFOUj෼ྨλεΫ w "UUFOUJPOͷඞཁੑΛௐ΂ͯɺ෼ྨ λεΫͱσʔληοτͷଥ౰ੑΛ֬ೝ w "UUFOUJPO͕ඞཁͰ͋Δ৔߹ɺ#BTF ͱ6OJGPSNʢ"UUFOUJPOͷॏΈ͕ɹ ۉҰʣͷؒͰ݁Ռ͕ѱԽ͢Δ͸ͣ w ͭͷ෼ྨλεΫͰ͸ɺ"UUFOUJPOΛ

&YQFSJNFOUj෼ࢄͷ֬ೝ !8 ɾઌߦݚڀͰಘΒΕͨ෼ࢄ͕ ɹਖ਼͘͠ಘΒΕ͍ͯΔ͔֬ೝ ɾॳظԽͷϥϯμϜγʔυΛ ɹ࢖༻ͯͭ͠ͷϞσϧͰ෼ੳ ɹʢTFFEʣ ɾఢରతͳϞσϧ ɹʢBEWFSTBSZʣ

3FTVMUj෼ࢄͷ֬ೝ !9 ɾϥϯμϜγʔυͷมߋʹରͯ͠ ɹϩόετͰ͋Δ

&YQFSJNFOUj෼෍ͷ਍அ w 6OJGPSNɿ.-1ग़ྗΛۉ౳ʹߟྀ w 5SBJOFE.-1ɿ.-1ʹ "UUFOUJPOΛֶशͤ͞Δ w #BTF-45.ɿγϯϓϧͳ-45. ͷ"UUFOUJPOMBZFSͰී௨ʹֶश w

3FTVMUj෼෍ͷ਍அ w 6OJGPSNɿ.-1ग़ྗΛۉ౳ʹߟྀ w 5SBJOFE.-1ɿ.-1ʹ "UUFOUJPOΛֶशͤ͞Δ w #BTF-45.ɿγϯϓϧͳ-45. ͷ"UUFOUJPOMBZFSͰී௨ʹֶश w

.FUIPEjఢରతֶश w Ҏલͷͭʢj ʣ͸"UUFOUJPOͷ༗ҙੑΛςετ͢Δํ๏ w "UUFOUJPOʹΑΔ෼෍Ҏ֎Ͱɺ"UUFOUJPOͱಉ౳ͷ༧ଌ͕Ͱ͖Δ෼෍Λ ಘΔͨΊʹɺఢରతֶशΛ༻͍Δ w ֬཰తޯ഑߱Լ๏Ͱߋ৽͠ɺϞσϧ.BΛಘΔ

&YQMBOBUJPO w ʮઆ໌Մೳͳ"*ʯɿಁ໌ੑɺઆ໌ՄೳੑɺղऍՄೳੑ w -JQUPO ɿಁ໌ੑΛʮϞσϧͷಛఆͷ෦෼͕ਓ͕ؒཧղͰ͖Δߏ଄ʹରԠ ͢Δํ๏ʯͱఆٛ w 3VEJO

$PODMVTJPO w &YQMBOBUJPO͔Ͳ͏͔͸ఆٛʹΑΔ w ༷ʑͳֶशํ๏Ͱಘͨ୅ସͱͳΔ෼෍͸ɺैདྷͷ"UUFOUJPOʹൺ΂ͯ݁ Ռ͕ѱ͔ͬͨʢjʣɻ͜ΕʹΑΓɺ"UUFOUJPO͕τʔΫϯͱ༧ଌͷؔ ܎ʹ͍ͭͯҙٛͷ͋Δ͜ͱΛֶश͍ͯ͠Δͱ͍͏͜ͱ͕ߟ͑ΒΕΔɻ !14