talks on performance related things: Yesterday we had Immutable Ruby. Today we had Charles talking about JRuby optimizations. So you’re already primed for this one.
have multiple threads) • Processes or threads may block causing the scheduler to select another thread/process for execution • I/O is the most common blocking operation
do while true sleep 0.1 balance = balance * 1.025 end end while balance < 200 sleep 0.25 puts "Banking: #{balance}" end Question: What’s wrong with this code?
100 Thread.new do while true sleep 0.1 lock.synchronize do balance = balance * 1.025 end end end while balance < 200 lock.synchronize do puts "Balance: #{balance}" sleep 1 end end
0.5 balance = balance * 1.0125 puts "Child Balance: #{balance}" end end # parent if pid while true do sleep 0.5 puts "Parent Balance: #{balance}" end end What’s wrong with this code? What happens to balance? What happens when both processes need to access the balance? inter-process locks
do |i| queue << i end threads = (0..4).map do |i| Thread.new do while !queue.empty? page = queue.pop puts "Getting page: #{page}" Net::HTTP.get 'www.google.com', "/search?q=ruby&page=#{page}" end end end threads.map(&:join) # ruby multithreaded_http.rb 0.17s user 0.11s system 3% cpu 8.419 total
100.times do |i| queue << i end workers = ARGV[0].to_i threads = (0..workers).map do |i| Thread.new do while !queue.empty? page = queue.pop puts "Getting page: #{page}" Net::HTTP.get 'www.google.com', "/search?q=ruby&page=#{page}" end end end threads.map(&:join)
= Queue.new Dictionary.each do |plaintext| queue << plaintext end threads = (0..INFINITY).map do |i| Thread.new do while !queue.empty? plaintext = queue.pop result = Digest::SHA1.hexdigest plaintext if result == encrypted puts "Decrypted to: #{plaintext}" exit end end end end threads.map(&:join)
code at a given time • Each implementation is different • JRuby and Rubinius don’t have a GIL • MRI has a GIL • This makes true parallel programming impossible on MRI
4 queue_size = (pages / workers).ceil queues = (1..pages).each_slice(queue_size).to_a queues.each do |pages| fork do pages.each do |page| Net::HTTP.get 'www.google.com', "/search?q=ruby&page=#{page}" puts "Got page: #{page} via #{Process.pid}" end end end Process.waitall
queue_size = (pages / workers).ceil queues = (1..pages).each_slice(queue_size).to_a queues.each do |pages| fork do queue = Queue.new pages.each { |i| queue << i } threads = (0..4).map do |i| Thread.new do while !queue.empty? page = queue.pop Net::HTTP.get 'www.google.com', "/search?q=ruby&page=#{page}" puts "Got page: #{page} via #{Process.pid} (#{Thread.current})" end end end threads.map(&:join) end end Process.waitall Who need’s IPC when you can use block variables
Tony Arcieri. He’s a Ruby hero! • Handles pooling, supervising, messaging, and many other things • Makes writing concurrent OOP as easy as sequential OOP programs. • Avoids deadlocks by handling state internally • Actors are threads ; method calls are fibers
headline end end class Broadcaster include Celluloid def initialize async.wait_for_messages end def wait_for_messages loop do message = receive { |msg| msg.is_a? Story } puts "BREAKING NEWS! #{message.headline}" end end end broadcaster = Broadcaster.new loop do broadcaster.mailbox << Story.new("wroc_love.rb is awesome!") sleep 1 end
headline end end class Broadcaster include Celluloid def initialize async.wait_for_messages end def wait_for_messages loop do message = receive { |msg| msg.is_a? Story } puts "BREAKING NEWS! #{message.headline}" end end end broadcaster = Broadcaster.new loop do broadcaster.mailbox << Story.new("wroc_love.rb is awesome!") sleep 1 end Oh ya, Celluloid can make any method async
headline end end class Broadcaster include Celluloid def initialize async.wait_for_messages end def wait_for_messages loop do message = receive { |msg| msg.is_a? Story } puts "BREAKING NEWS! #{message.headline}" end end end broadcaster = Broadcaster.new loop do broadcaster.mailbox << Story.new("wroc_love.rb is awesome!") sleep 1 end Oh ya, Celluloid can make any method async Block until a message is received
meaning that in cases where they might execute a "blocking" call, they will continue processing incoming requests as opposed to waiting for the call to complete. This approach prevents the type of deadlocks you might ordinarily encounter in actor RPC systems such as Erlang or Akka. - Celluloid Wiki
Celluloid def fetch(page) Net::HTTP.get 'www.google.com', "/search?q=ruby&page=#{page}" puts "Got page: #{page} via #{Thread.current}" end end pool = Worker.pool # uses # of cores for default pool size 100.times do |i| pool.fetch i end
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![Mailboxes Work Everywhere worker = Celluloid::Actor[:worker] worker.mailbox << Message.new](https://files.speakerdeck.com/presentations/ac4efd20686e0130a9b81231380e9c7e/slide_80.jpg){kind=link}
