UI testing of Jetpack Compose apps - Dutch Android User Group

@alex_zhukovich
https://alexzh.com/
UI Testing
 
Jetpack Compose apps

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ANDROID TESTS
LOCAL INSTRUMENTATION

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ANDROID TESTS
UI* Non-UI

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ANDROID TESTS
UI* Non-UI UI Non-UI

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Good Test Case

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STABLE FAST READABLE INDEPENDENT

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Interaction Pixel perfectness

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INTERACTION
PIXEL PERFECTNESS

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PIXEL PERFECTNESS INTERACTION
TESTING UI COMPONENTS
 
(DESIGN SYSTEM)
INTERACTION WITH SCREEN(S)
SUPPORT MULTIPLE LANGUAGES
SUPPORT DIFFERENT
 
COLOR THEMES
SUPPORT ACCESSIBILITY OPTIONS
 
(FONT SIZE, SCREEN SIZE, ETC)
SUPPORT LTR & RTL
PERMISSION TESTING
YES
YES YES
YES
YES
YES
YES
YES

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SCREENSHOT TESTS FUNCTIONAL TESTS END TO END TESTS

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FUNCTIONAL TESTS
END TO END TESTS
SCREENSHOT TESTS

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END-TO-END TESTS
FUNCTIONAL TESTS
SCREENSHOT TESTS

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State of Android

Dev & Testing

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ACTIVITY FRAGMENT

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ACTIVITY FRAGMENT
COMPOSABLE
FUNCTION

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launchActivity
launchFragmentInContainer
ComposeContentTestRule
ActivityScenario.launch(

MainActivity::class.java

)

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launchActivity
val activityOptions = bundleOf(

Pair("param-1", 1),

Pair("param-2", 2),

Pair("param-3", 3),

)

val scenario = ActivityScenario.launch(

MainActivity::class.java,

activityOptions

)

scenario.moveToState(Lifecycle.State.STARTED)

ActivityScenario.launch(

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launchActivity
val scenario = launchFragmentInContainer(

fragmentArgs: Bundle? = null,

@StyleRes themeResId: Int =
 
R.style.FragmentScenarioEmptyFragmentActivityTheme,

initialState: Lifecycle.State =
 
Lifecycle.State.RESUMED,

factory: FragmentFactory? = null

)

scenario.moveToState(Lifecycle.State.STARTED)

debugImplementation "androidx.fragment:fragment-testing:1.4.0"

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launchActivity
Activity
Fragment

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launchActivity
androidx.fragment.app.testing.FragmentScenario$EmptyFragmentActivity
Activity
Fragment
Compilation
Added to AndroidManifest

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launchActivity
@get:Rule

val composeTestRule = createComposeRule()

composeTestRule.apply {

setContent { LoginScreen() }

onNodeWithTag("email")

.performTextInput("[email protected]")

onNodeWithTag("password")

.performTextInput("password")

onNodeWithTag("login")

.performClick()

...

}
debugImplementation "androidx.compose.ui:ui-test-manifest:1:0:5"

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launchActivity
Component
Activity
@Composable

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launchActivity
androidx.activity.ComponentActivity
Component
Activity
@Composable
Compilation
Added to AndroidManifest

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NO ID
 
OF COMPONENT
SEMANTIC
PROPERTIES
VIRTUAL CLOCK

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Testing Composable code

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CREATE COMPOSE
RULE
CREATE EMPTY
COMPOSE RULE
CREATE ANDROID
COMPOSE RULE

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class SubscribeBoxTest {

@get:Rule


@Test

fun shouldDisplaySnackbar_whenEmailIsEnteredAndSubscribeClicked() {


setContent { SubscribeBox() }

onNode(hasTestTag("subscribe_email"))


onNode(hasText("SUBSCRIBE"))

.performClick()

onNode(hasText("You successfully subscribed"))

.assertIsDisplayed()

}

}

}

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@get:Rule


@Test







.performClick()



}

}

}

Finder Matcher

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@get:Rule


@Test







.performClick()



}

}

}

Finder Matcher
Action

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@get:Rule


@Test







.performClick()



}

}

}

Finder Matcher
Action
Assertion

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MERGED NODE TREE
UNMERGED NODE TREE
Printing with useUnmergedTree = ‘false’

Node #1 at (l=0.0, t=74.0, r=1080.0, b=2012.0)px

|-Node #2 at (l=247.0, t=956.0, r=834.0, b=1130.0)px

Role = 'Button'

Focused = 'false'

ContentDescription = '[Schedule a task]'

Text = '[Schedule a task]'

Actions = [OnClick, GetTextLayoutResult]

MergeDescendants = 'true'
Printing with useUnmergedTree = ‘true’

Node #1 at (l=0.0, t=74.0, r=1080.0, b=2012.0)px

|-Node #2 at (l=247.0, t=956.0, r=834.0, b=1130.0)px

Role = 'Button'

Focused = 'false'

Actions = [OnClick]


|-Node #4 at (l=321.0, t=1006.0, r=395.0, b=1080.0)px

| ContentDescription = '[Schedule a task]'

| Role = 'Image'

|-Node #5 at (l=420.0, t=1014.0, r=785.0, b=1072.0)px


Actions = [GetTextLayoutResult]

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MERGED NODE TREE
UNMERGED NODE TREE

Node #1 at (l=0.0, t=74.0, r=1080.0, b=2012.0)px

|-Node #2 at (l=247.0, t=956.0, r=834.0, b=1130.0)px

Role = 'Button'

Focused = 'false'

Actions = [OnClick]


|-Node #4 at (l=321.0, t=1006.0, r=395.0, b=1080.0)px


| Role = 'Image'

|-Node #5 at (l=420.0, t=1014.0, r=785.0, b=1072.0)px



Node #1 at (l=0.0, t=74.0, r=1080.0, b=2012.0)px

|-Node #2 at (l=247.0, t=956.0, r=834.0, b=1130.0)px

Role = 'Button'

Focused = 'false'




onRoot(useUnmergedTree = false)
 
.printToLog("MERGED")

onRoot(useUnmergedTree = true)

.printToLog("UNMERGED")

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MERGED NODE TREE
UNMERGED NODE TREE
onNode(hasText("Schedule a task"), useUnmergedTree = true)

.assertHasClickAction()

Error
onNode(hasText("Schedule a task"))

.assertHasClickAction()

useUnmergedTree = false

Node #1 at (l=0.0, t=74.0, r=1080.0, b=2012.0)px

|-Node #2 at (l=247.0, t=956.0, r=834.0, b=1130.0)px

Role = 'Button'

Focused = 'false'

Actions = [OnClick]


|-Node #4 at (l=321.0, t=1006.0, r=395.0, b=1080.0)px


| Role = 'Image'

|-Node #5 at (l=420.0, t=1014.0, r=785.0, b=1072.0)px



Node #1 at (l=0.0, t=74.0, r=1080.0, b=2012.0)px

|-Node #2 at (l=247.0, t=956.0, r=834.0, b=1130.0)px

Role = 'Button'

Focused = 'false'




onRoot(useUnmergedTree = false)
 
.printToLog("MERGED")

onRoot(useUnmergedTree = true)

.printToLog("UNMERGED")

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onAllNodesWithText(“＋")[1]

.performClick()

.performClick()

onAllNodes(hasText(“＋"))[0]

.performClick()

onNode(hasText("Pay (€ 18.5)"))


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Node #1 at (l=0.0, t=74.0, r=1080.0, b=1188.0)px

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Node #1 at (l=0.0, t=74.0, r=1080.0, b=1188.0)px

|-Node #2 at (l=0.0, t=74.0, r=1080.0, b=1016.0)px

| VerticalScrollAxisRange = 'ScrollAxisRange(value=0.0, maxValue=0.0, reverseScrolling=false)'

| CollectionInfo = 'androidx.compose.ui.semantics.CollectionInfo@75c2267'

| Actions = [IndexForKey, ScrollBy, ScrollToIndex]

| |-Node #4 at (l=25.0, t=99.0, r=1055.0, b=360.0)px

| | |-Node #5 at (l=271.0, t=99.0, r=907.0, b=173.0)px

| | | Text = '[Americano]'


| | |-Node #6 at (l=271.0, t=185.0, r=907.0, b=345.0)px

| | | Text = '[Americano is ...]’


| | |-Node #7 at (l=932.0, t=99.0, r=1055.0, b=360.0)px

| | |-Node #8 at (l=932.0, t=99.0, r=1055.0, b=186.0)px

| | | Focused = 'false'

| | | Text = '[＋]'

| | | Actions = [OnClick, GetTextLayoutResult]

| | | MergeDescendants = 'true'

| | |-Node #11 at (l=976.0, t=186.0, r=1011.0, b=273.0)px

| | | Text = '[0]'


| | |-Node #12 at (l=932.0, t=273.0, r=1055.0, b=360.0)px

| | Focused = 'false'

| | Text = '[—]'

| | Actions = [OnClick, GetTextLayoutResult]

| | MergeDescendants = 'true'

| |-Node #15 at (l=25.0, t=413.0, r=1055.0, b=674.0)px

| | |-Node #16 at (l=271.0, t=413.0, r=907.0, b=487.0)px

| | | Text = '[Cappuccino]'


| | |-Node #17 at (l=271.0, t=499.0, r=907.0, b=659.0)px

| | | Text = '[A cappuccino is ...]’


| | |-Node #18 at (l=932.0, t=413.0, r=1055.0, b=674.0)px

| | |-Node #19 ...

| | |-Node #22 ...

| | |-Node #23 ...

| |-Node #26 at (l=25.0, t=727.0, r=1055.0, b=988.0)px

| |-Node #27 at (l=271.0, t=727.0, r=907.0, b=801.0)px

| | Text = '[Espresso]'


| |-Node #28 at (l=271.0, t=813.0, r=907.0, b=973.0)px

| | Text = '[Espresso is ...]’


| |-Node #29 at (l=932.0, t=727.0, r=1055.0, b=988.0)px

| |-Node #30 ...

| |-Node #33 ...

| |-Node #34 ...

|-Node #3 at (l=49.0, t=1065.0, r=1031.0, b=1139.0)px

Text = '[Pay (€ 0)]'

Modifier.semantics(mergeDescendants = false) {}

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Modifier.semantics(mergeDescendants = false) {}

class CoffeeDrinksTest {

@get:Rule


@Test

fun coffeeDrinksAreNotAddedToBasket_whenCoffeeAddedToBasket_thenPaymentAmountRecalculated() {


setContent { CoffeeDrinksWithBasket(drinks = coffeeDrinks) }

onNode(withIncrementForCoffeeDrink("Espresso"))

.performClick()

onNode(withIncrementForCoffeeDrink("Americano"))

.performClick()

onNodeWithIncrementForCoffeeDrink("Americano")

.performClick()

onNode(hasText("Pay (€ 18.5)”))


}

}

}

fun withIncrementForCoffeeDrink(text: String): SemanticsMatcher {

return hasText("＋")

.and(hasAnyAncestor(hasAnyChild(hasText(text))))

}

fun SemanticsNodeInteractionsProvider.onNodeWithIncrementForCoffeeDrink(text: String) =

onNode(withIncrementForCoffeeDrink(text))

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@Preview

@Composable

fun Preview_MultipleRadioButtons() {

val selectedValue = remember { mutableStateOf("") }

val isSelectedItem: (String) -> Boolean = { selectedValue.value == it }

val onChangeState: (String) -> Unit = { selectedValue.value = it }

val items = listOf("Item 1", "Item 2", "Item 3", "Item 4", "Item 5")

Column(Modifier.padding(8.dp)) {

Text(text = "Selected value: ${selectedValue.value.ifEmpty { "NONE" }}")

items.forEach { item ->

Row(

verticalAlignment = Alignment.CenterVertically,

modifier = Modifier.selectable(

selected = isSelectedItem(item),

onClick = { onChangeState(item) },

role = Role.RadioButton

).padding(8.dp)

) {

RadioButton(

selected = isSelectedItem(item),

onClick = null

)

Text(

text = item,

modifier = Modifier.fillMaxWidth()

)

}

}

}

}

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@ExperimentalFoundationApi

class RadioButtonTest {

@get:Rule


@Test

fun firstItemSelectedByDefault_whenThirdItemIsSelected_thenSelectedValueDisplayed() {


setContent { Demo_RadioButton () }

onNodeWithRoleAndText(Role.RadioButton, "Item 1")

.assertIsSelected()

onNodeWithText("Item 3")

.performClick()

onNodeWithRoleAndText(Role.RadioButton, "Item 3")

.assertIsSelected()

onNodeWithText("Selected value: Item 3")


}

}

private fun withRole(role: Role): SemanticsMatcher {

return SemanticsMatcher("${SemanticsProperties.Role.name} contains '$role'") {

it.config.getOrNull(SemanticsProperties.Role) == role

}

}

private fun SemanticsNodeInteractionsProvider.onNodeWithRoleAndText(

role: Role,

text: String

) = onNode(

withRole(role)

.and(isSelectable())

.and(isEnabled())

.and(hasText(text))

)

}

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COLUMN
LAZY COLUMN
val amount = 1_000

LazyColumn(

modifier = Modifier.testTag("list")

) {

items(amount) {

Row(

modifier = Modifier.padding(8.dp)

) {

Text(text = "Item $it", fontSize = 20.sp)

}

}

}

val amount = 1_000

Column(


) {

(1..amount).forEach {

Row(


) {


}

}

}

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COLUMN
ADD UI
val amount = 1_000

Column(


) {

(0..amount).forEach {

Row(


) {


}

}

}

onNode(hasText("Item 14"))


onNode(hasTestTag("list"))

.performScrollToIndex(80)



Scroll actions:

performScrollToNode(hasText("Item 80”))

performScrollToIndex(80)
15 ITEMS ARE DISPLAYED
ALL ITEMS ARE EXIST

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LAZY COLUMN
ADD UI
val amount = 1_000

LazyColumn(


) {

items(amount) {

Row(


) {


}

}

}



onNode(hasTestTag("list"))

.performScrollToIndex(80)



Scroll actions:

performScrollToNode(hasText("Item 80”))

performScrollToIndex(80)
15 ITEMS ARE DISPLAYED
15 ITEMS ARE EXIST

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class TextTest {

@get:Rule


@Test

fun chapter1IsSelectedByDefault_whenSwipeLeftTheSecondAndThirdChapterIsDisplayed() {


setContent {

val content = listOf(

listOf("Lorem ipsum ...", ...),

listOf(...),

listOf(...)

)

Demo_capitalizeTheFirstLetterOfBookChapter(content)

}

onNodeWithText("Chapter 1")


onNode(hasSelectableGroup())

.performTouchInput { swipeLeft() }



onNode(hasSelectableGroup())

.performTouchInput { swipeLeft() }



}

}

fun hasSelectableGroup() =

SemanticsMatcher.keyIsDefined(SemanticsProperties.SelectableGroup)

}

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ENABLE/DISABLE
SYNCHRONIZATION
ADVANCE TIME BY A
SPECIFIC DURATION
IDLING RESOURCES
SUPPORT

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class AnimationTest {

@get:Rule


@Test

fun coffeeDrinkAnimation() {


setContent {

CoffeeDrinkAnimationBox()

}

composeTestRule.mainClock.autoAdvance = false

compareScreenshot(composeTestRule, "test-state-0")

composeTestRule.mainClock.advanceTimeBy(150)










}

}

}

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Testing hybrid apps

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COMBINE MULTIPLE
FRAMEWORKS IN A
TEST
COMBINE DIFFERENT
APPROACHES
USE DSL (DOMAIN-
SPECIFIC-LANGUAGE)

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UI testing of Jetpack Compose apps - Dutch Android User Group

UI testing of Jetpack Compose apps - Dutch Android User Group

Alex Zhukovich

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