Introduction to GraphQL

Learn about GraphQL, how it works, and how to use it.

Transcript

1. Introduction to GraphQL
2. GET https://2017.es.pycon.org/speakers/me { "name": "Adrián Matellanes", "roles": [ "Lead API Developer", "Málaga Python Organizer" ], "worksAt": "Ebury", "twitter": "@_amatellanes", "github": "github.com/amatellanes" }
3. What’s GraphQL?
4. A programming language
5. A special type of database
6. A library
7. A Query Language for APIs
8. Why GraphQL?
9. Due to the nature of REST
10. REST Problems
11. GET /characters/1 { "name": "Jon Snow" }
12. "url": "http://anapioficeandfire.com/api/characters/583", "name": "Jon Snow", "culture": "Northmen", "born": "In 283 AC", "titles": [ "Lord Commander of the Night's Watch" ], "aliases": [ "Lord Snow", "Ned Stark's Bastard", "The Snow of Winterfell", "The Bastard of Winterfell", "Lord Crow" ], "allegiances": [ "http://anapioficeandfire.com/api/houses/362" ], "books": [ "http://anapioficeandfire.com/api/books/5" ], "povBooks": [ "http://anapioficeandfire.com/api/books/1", "http://anapioficeandfire.com/api/books/2", "http://anapioficeandfire.com/api/books/3", "http://anapioficeandfire.com/api/books/8"
13. Round Trip and Repeat Trip Times
15. /episodes/1
16. /episodes/1 /characters/345 /characters/563 /characters/802 /characters/441 /characters/674
17. /episodes/1 /characters/345 /characters/563 /characters/802 /characters/441 /characters/674 /reviews/3512
18. Over/Under Fetching
19. /episodes/1?fields=characters(name,playedBy)
20. /episode_with_all_stuff /episode_with_amazing_pictures /episode_with_stuff_i_need_today /episode_with_stuff_for_mobile_app /episode_with_actors_and_reviews_and_images /episode_with_stuff_for_mobile_app_v2 /episode_with_actors_and_reviews_but_no_images
21. /episode_with_all_stuff /episode_with_amazing_pictures /episode_with_stuff_i_need_today /episode_with_stuff_for_mobile_app /episode_with_stuff_for_mobile_app_v2 /episode_with_actors_and_reviews_and_images /episode_with_actors_and_reviews_but_no_images
23. https://code.facebook.com/projects/
24. Created July 1, 2015 Updated September 20, 2017 381 Forks 6,078 Stars 302 Commits 82 Open Issues https://github.com/facebook/graphql
26. “You will receive what you ask for no more, no less.” - Mark Allen
38. GraphQL vs. REST
39. REST Model
40. Client /books /characters /houses Databases Services External APIs
41. GraphQL Model
42. Client Databases Services External APIs /graphql/
43. Anatomy of a GraphQL
44. { me { name } }
45. { me { name } } { "me": { "name": "Jon Snow" } }
46. Scalar types
47. Int Float String Boolean ID Date enum
48. GraphQL Schema Definition Language
49. type Query { allCharacters: [Character]! character(id: ID!): Character }
50. type Query { allCharacters: [Character]! character(id: ID!): Character } Root Type
51. type Query { allCharacters: [Character]! character(id: ID!): Character } Root Fields
52. type Query { allCharacters: [Character]! character(id: ID!): Character } Arguments
53. type Query { allCharacters: [Character]! character(id: ID!): Character } Return Types
54. type Character { name: String! house: House! } type House { name: String! words: String! members: [Character]! }
55. type Character { name: String! house: House! } type House { name: String! words: String! members: [Character]! } Object Type
56. type Character { name: String! house: House! } type House { name: String! words: String! members: [Character]! } Fields
57. type Character { name: String! house: House! } type House { name: String! words: String! members: [Character]! } Return Types
58. Queries for fetching data from the server
59. query CharactersNameAndHouse { allCharacters { name house { words } } }
60. query CharactersNameAndHouse { allCharacters { name house { words } } } Operation Type
61. query CharactersNameAndHouse { allCharacters { name house { words } } } Operation Name
62. query CharactersNameAndHouse { allCharacters { name house { words } } } Selection Set
63. query CharactersNameAndHouse { allCharacters { name house { words } } } Fields
64. query CharactersNameAndHouse { allCharacters { name house { words } } } { "data": { "allCharacters": [ { "name": "Daenerys Targaryen", "house": { "words": "Fire and Blood" } }, { "name": "Jon Snow", "house": { "words": "Winter Is Coming" } } ] } }
65. query { character(name: "Hodor") { name house { words } } } Arguments
66. query CharacterByName($name: String!) { character(name: $name) { name } } { "name": "Hodor" } Variables
67. query { character(name: "Hodor") { ...CharacterFragment } } fragment CharacterFragment on Character { name house { words } } Fragments
68. { character(name: "Hodor") { ... on Character { name house { words } } } } Inline Fragments
69. Mutations for manipulating data and fetch the updated result
70. type Mutation { createCharacter(name: String!): Character }
71. mutation CharacterMutation { createCharacter(name: "Sansa Stark") { name } } { "data": { "createCharacter": { "name": "Sansa Stark" } } }
72. Subscriptions for real-time updates
73. type Subscription { newCharacter: Character! }
74. subscription NewCharacterSubscription { newCharacter { name } } { "data": { "newCharacter": { "name": "Tyrion Lannister" } } }
75. Query Execution
76. { getHouse(id: 5) { name words members { name } } }
77. name words members getHouse(id: 5) { name, words, members } [ { name }, { name } ] name name
78. QUERY name words members getHouse(id: 5) { name, words, members } [ { name }, { name } ] name name
79. QUERY getHouse(id: 5) { name, words, members } HOUSE name words members [ { name }, { name } ] name name
80. QUERY getHouse(id: 5) { name, words, members } HOUSE name words members [ { name }, { name } ] CHARACTER name name
81. Clients with Super Powers
82. Introspection Queries
83. { "data": { "__type": { "name": "Book", "kind": "OBJECT", "fields": [ { "name": "title", "type": { "name": "String" } } ] } } } { __type(name: "Book") { name kind fields { name type { name } } } }
85. GraphiQL
87. Graphene GraphQL framework for Python
88. Created September 24, 2015 Updated September 20, 2017 229 Forks 2,356 Stars 1,219 Commits 87 Open Issues https://github.com/graphql-python/graphene
91. "It’s important to understand that it isn’t all or nothing. GraphQL is in our future, but it isn’t our exclusive future."
92. Thank you!