Clojureの基礎 〜マクロ編〜

Transcript

1. $MPKVSFͷجૅ ϓϩάϥϛϯάݴޠجૅษڧձ 2016/06/11 @athos0220

2. ࣗݾ঺հ ‣ 5XJUUFS
   !BUIPT
   ‣ χϟϯύε ג ॴଐ
   ‣ $MPKVSFίϯτϦϏϡʔλ

3. $MPKVSFͷجૅΛ࡞Δ΋ͷ ࠓճ͸-JTQͱͯ͠ͷಛ௃ʹϑΥʔΧε -JTQ ؔ਺
   ϓϩάϥϛϯά ର࿩త
   ϓϩάϥϛϯά +7.

4. -JTQ

5. -JTQ ‣ લஔه๏͕ಛ௃
   ‣ ࠷ॳͷཁૉ͕ΦϖϨʔλɺͦΕҎ͕߱Ҿ਺
   ‣ ݴޠͷίΞ͕ඇৗʹγϯϓϧ (defn distance [x

   y] (sqrt (+ (* x x) (* y y))))

6. -JTQ ‣ લஔه๏͕ಛ௃
   ‣ ࠷ॳͷཁૉ͕ΦϖϨʔλɺͦΕҎ͕߱Ҿ਺
   ‣ ݴޠͷίΞ͕ඇৗʹγϯϓϧ (defn distance [x

   y] (sqrt (+ (* x x) (* y y)))) ΦϖϨʔλ Ҿ਺

7. $PEF
   BT
   %BUB ‣ $MPKVSFίʔυΛ؆୯ʹσʔλͱͯ͠ѻ͑Δ
   ‣ $MPKVSFͷσʔλͰίʔυΛॻ͍͍ͯΔͱ΋͍͑Δ (read-string “(* x x)”) ;=>

   (* x x)

8. $PEF
   BT
   %BUB ‣ $MPKVSFίʔυΛ؆୯ʹσʔλͱͯ͠ѻ͑Δ
   ‣ $MPKVSFͷσʔλͰίʔυΛॻ͍͍ͯΔͱ΋͍͑Δ (read-string “(* x x)”) ;=>

   (* x x) ͭͷγϯϘϧ
   
   Y
   Y
   ͔ΒͳΔϦετ

9. ॲཧܥͰͷྲྀΕ ίʔυ
   จࣈྻ ίʔυ
   σʔλ όΠτίʔυ

10. ॲཧܥͰͷྲྀΕ ίʔυ
    จࣈྻ ίʔυ
    σʔλ όΠτίʔυ Ϧʔυ ίϯύΠϧ

11. ϚΫϩ

12. ϚΫϩͱ͸ ‣ ίʔυ͔Βίʔυ΁ͷม׵Λఆٛ͢Δؔ਺
    ‣ Ϣʔβ͕޷͖ͳΑ͏ʹߏจΛఆٛͰ͖Δ࢓૊Έ
    ‣ ૉ๿ͳ͕Βڧྗͳϝλϓϩάϥϛϯάͷπʔϧ

13. ॲཧܥͰͷྲྀΕ ίʔυ
    จࣈྻ ίʔυ
    σʔλ όΠτίʔυ Ϧʔυ ίϯύΠϧ

14. ॲཧܥͰͷྲྀΕ ίʔυ
    จࣈྻ ίʔυ
    σʔλ όΠτίʔυ Ϧʔυ ίϯύΠϧ ϚΫϩల։

15. PSΛఆٛͯ͠ΈΔ ‣ ͭΊͷࣜͷ஋͕USVFͩͬͨΒͭΊΛ୹བྷධՁ (or (expr-1) (expr-2)) (let [v (expr-1)] (if

    v v (expr-2))) ల։

16. PSΛఆٛͯ͠ΈΔ (defmacro or [expr1 expr2] `(let [v# ~expr1] (if v#

    v# ~expr2)))

17. XJUIPQFOΛఆٛͯ͠ΈΔ ‣ +BWBͷUSZXJUISFTPVSDFTͷΑ͏ͳߏจ (with-open [f (reader “foo”)] (write-to-file f)) (let

    [f (reader “foo”)] (try (write-to-file f) (finally (.close f)))) ల։

18. XJUIPQFOΛఆٛͯ͠ΈΔ (defmacro with-open [[name file] body] `(let [~name ~file] (try

    ~body (finally (.close ~name)))))

19. ࣮։ൃͰͷϚΫϩ

20. $PNQPKVSF ‣ $MPKVSFͷϧʔςΟϯάϥΠϒϥϦ (defroutes app-routes (GET “/” [] (index)) (GET

    “/en” [] (index)) (GET “/fr” [] (index-fr)) (GET “/:greeting” [greeting] (view greeting)))

21. DPSFNBUDI ‣ ύλʔϯϚονϥΠϒϥϦ (match inst [:mov z x] (recur (subst

    z x) insts) [:add z x y] (recur (do-op + z x y) insts) [:sub z x y] (recur (do-op - z x y) insts) [:push z x] (recur (push z x) insts) [:pop z] (recur (pop z) insts) [:jnz l] (if (:flag env) [l env] (recur env insts)) [:jz l] (if (:flag env) (recur env insts) [l env] …)

22. DPSFUZQFE ‣ ੩తܕνΣοΫϥΠϒϥϦ (ann new-file [(U URI String) -> File])

    (defn new-file [s] (if (string? s) (File. ^String s) (File. ^URI s)))

23. DPSFBTZOD ‣ νϟωϧϕʔεͷඇಉظϓϩάϥϛϯάϥΠϒϥϦ (go (while true (let [v (<! ch)]

    (println v)))) (go (loop [i 0] (>! ch i) (recur (inc i)))) ड৴ଆίʔυ ૹ৴ଆίʔυ

24. ͓·͚ ‣ ϚΫϩ͸ඇৗʹڧྗͳͷͰѱ༻ͯ͠ݴޠࣗମΛେ෯ ʹม͑ͯ͠·͏͜ͱ΋Ͱ͖Δ
    ‣ ྫʣΰϧϑ༻3VCZॲཧܥHPSVCZͷ໛฿
     ϝιουΛ୹ॖܗͰݺ΂Δ qFY
    NBUDIJOH
    

    - 1.up(10) {|i| p i} - [1,4,9].ew{|x,i| ps “#{i}:#{x}”} upto each_with_index puts

25. HPDMPKVSF (doseq [[l n] (frequencies (map #(count (str %)) (keys

    (ns-publics ’clojure.core))))] (printf “%2d %s\n” l (apply str (repeat n \*)))) ΦϦδφϧͷίʔυ

26. HPDMPKVSF (doseq [[l n] (frequencies (map #(count (str %)) (keys

    (ns-publics ’clojure.core))))] (printf “%2d %s\n” l (apply str (repeat n \*)))) (goclojure (dq [[l n] (qs (mp #(ou (sr %)) (ks (nsb ’clojure.core))))] (pf “%2d %s\n” l (ay sr (rep n \*)))) ΦϦδφϧͷίʔυ HPDMPKVSFΛ࢖ͬͯॻ͖׵͑ͨίʔυ

27. ·ͱΊ ‣ -JTQͰ͋Δ͜ͱ͸$MPKVSFͷجૅΛ࡞Δཁૉͷͭ
    ‣ ϚΫϩ͸ڧྗͳϝλϓϩάϥϛϯάͷπʔϧ
    ‣ ࣮։ൃͰ࢖͑Δ͞·͟·ͳศརϚΫϩ͕͋Δ
    ‣ ͨͩ͠ཚ༻͗͢͠Δͱίʔυ͕ಡΊͳ͘ͳΔͷͰɺ ຊ౰ʹඞཁͳγνϡΤʔγϣϯΛݟۃΊΔ͜ͱ