Car Sharing

Transcript

1. Car Sharing
2. • Organizations which allow their members to use a group of shared vehicles and pay only when they use them. • Can be for profit or non-profit. What is Car Sharing
3. • Began in Switzerland in 1987 – 30 members and two vehicles • Rapidly spread to Germany, Austria, Netherlands, and then most of Europe • French Canadian clubs began in mid-nineties • Most US car sharing programs were formed in the last 6 years History of modern car sharing
4. • 15 major programs • 61,651 members • 939 vehicles • Dozens more programs in planning Car Sharing in US City Members Cars San Francisco 2500 80 Boston 4200 131 Chicago 750 16 New York 1650 53 Washington DC 2200 41
5. Car Sharing in US
6. • 11 major programs • 10,812 members • 528 vehicles. City Members Cars Montreal 5140 238 Quebec City 1470 85 Toronto 1600 63 Vancouver 1800 90 Car Sharing in Canada
7. • 52,000 members and growing • 700-1200 vehicles • 950 locations • 400 communities • Switzerland’s population is 7.4 million – 7% are car sharing members Switzerland
8. Car Sharing in Europe • 75000 members • 3500 vehicles • Many small organizations fall under larger umbrella organizations • Car Sharing is successful in small cities, unlike the US experience thus far
9. • Moved from informal co-ops to professionally run companies and non- profits • Technology has simplified bookkeeping and reservation Car Sharing Evolution
10. • Online application and reservation forms • Real time car availability online • Keyless entry to all vehicles • Onboard computer tracks mileage and time • Automatic billing by Credit Card Car Sharing Technology
11. • Joining Fee • Deposit • Monthly Fee • Hourly or Daily Charge • Per mile charge Car Sharing Pricing
12. Pricing Examples City Joining Fee Deposit Monthly Fee Per Mile Per Hour Other San Francisco (Non Profit) $30 $300 $10 $0.44 $4.00 Half Price Hourly after 10 PM New York (Zip Car) $25 $100 $4.16 $0.20 $8.50- $10.50 Each reservation includes 125 free miles Quebec City $0 $418 $2.30- $23.00 $0.12- $0.23 $1.22- $1.63 Various Plans involve higher monthly fees and lower per mile fees Berlin $65- $195 $325- $975 $0 $0.36 $10.40 Lower rates for 24 hour reservations possible London $0 $188 $28 $0.32 $5.25 Free hourly after midnight
13. • Maximum daily per hour charge – Allows for daily rentals like traditional car rental – Encourages longer reservations and overnight use • Set number of miles built into reservation – Easier to estimate the cost of trips – Less incentive to reduce VMT • Reduced evening hourly rates – Encourages use during off peak times Car Sharing Policies
14. • Young • Technology Savvy • Live in dense large cities • Attracted by cost savings and environmental/ social implications • Car sharing is a lifestyle choice • Many use as a backup car to allow a 2-3 car household to drop one car. Car Sharing Customers
15. • 6-7 private cars are replaced (ECS Study). • Energy consumption for transport reduced by 50% (Swiss Office for Energy Affairs) • Car travel reduced by 72% (Swiss Study) • Fewer 2-3 Car Households • A bright future given current growth rates European Car Sharing Successes
16. Switzerland
17. • Higher Rates – Car use and ownership costs are higher in Europe so car sharing costs can be higher and still be competitive • Partnerships – Transit agencies promote car sharing by locating cars near or in transit facilities and promoting car sharing clubs on transit vehicles Differences
18. • Car sharing is seen as part of a transportation network including transit, intercity rail, walking/biking and taxis. – European programs partner with these agencies • Car locations are accessible – Walk, bike or use transit to access cars – Many agencies negotiate free or reduced parking rates for car sharing vehicles with local governments Lessons for the US
19. • Transit use – Use non-car modes for a majority of their trips, or else they will own a car • Partnerships – Partnering with other car sharing agencies allows members to use cars in a variety of cities, reducing intercity driving and vehicle use in other cities. Car Sharing Requirements