Linux 102 - Installing Linux from scratch on VirtualBox under Mac OS or Windows 7, 8, 8.1 or 10 by Brian Byrne

Linux 102 - Installing Linux from scratch on VirtualBox under
Mac OS or Windows 7, 8, 8.1 or 10 by Brian Byrne Worshipful Company of Information Technologists, January 2020 Linux 102 © Brian Byrne, 2020 Twitter: @BrianLinuxing Email:[email protected]

A big thanks to the Worshipful Company of Information Technologists
for hosting us, freely. Much credit to Tuxedo Computers for supporting my free Linux community talks with this lovely laptop! https://www.tuxedocomputers.com/ These slides are on Speaker Deck https://speakerdeck.com/brianlinuxing Linux 102 © Brian Byrne, 2020 Twitter: @BrianLinuxing Email:[email protected] 2

Tonight’s talks are dedicated to Annie Easley, a early ‘human
computer’ at the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA), forerunner of NASA. She was an adept FORTRAN programmer, computer scientist and co-author of many research papers. See FAQs for more information on her life. Linux 102 © Brian Byrne, 2020 Twitter: @BrianLinuxing Email:[email protected] 3 Annie Easley

Please put your hand up if you use any of
these. Linux 102 © Brian Byrne, 2020 Twitter: @BrianLinuxing Email: [email protected]

Hands up? Congratulations! You are a Linux user! I am
just like you :) Linux 102 © Brian Byrne, 2020 Twitter: @BrianLinuxing Email:[email protected]

I am Brian. I do too much Twitter: @BrianLinuxing And
if you want an excess of computing please follow me! Linux 102 © Brian Byrne, 2020 Twitter: @BrianLinuxing Email:[email protected]

Brian Byrne discovered computing around the time Intel released the
4004 chip, in 1971. After 1979 he professionally worked across most sectors, educational, commercial and finance, in some seriously technical, managerial and hands-on roles. Brian organises Linuxing In London, co-organises Covent Garden Pi Jam and the phenomenal all London Raspberry Pi Jam. He is rather fond of opera and history books. NB: Brian speaks in paragraphs. He is a freelance IT manager, a thinker and do-er for hire. Want your IT systems organised properly? Pay him, he’ll do it for you! Linux 102 © Brian Byrne, 2020 Twitter: @BrianLinuxing Email:[email protected]

My first PC around 1971 Linux 102 © Brian Byrne,
2020 Twitter: @BrianLinuxing Email:[email protected]

My first non-laptop in 1979 Linux 102 © Brian Byrne,

Brian’s Operating Systems I’ve used, installed, fixed and played with
over 24 operating systems in 40 years, including but not limited to: TOPS-10, RT-11, RSX, VAX/VMS, CP/M, MS-DOS, AmigaOS, RSTE/E, Classic Mac OS (Lisa), Sinclair_QDOS, Ultrix, OSF/1, SCO Unix, OpenVMS, OS/2, VM/CMS, NetWare 2->3, Windows 1-> Windows 3.1, Windows 95->98 SE, Windows NT 1.0 ->4, Windows 2000, Windows XP, Windows Vista, Windows 7->8.1, Windows 10 and a lot more. Linux was my 15th or 16th operating system! Linux 102 © Brian Byrne, 2020 Twitter: @BrianLinuxing Email:[email protected]

Enough of me, to the point! Linux 102 © Brian
Byrne, 2020 Twitter: @BrianLinuxing Email:[email protected]

Linux: technology’s best kept secret Linux 102 © Brian Byrne,

A word about Linux Everything is Linux. Android phones, the
lot. Linux is used on 100% of the world’s supercomputers. Everyone runs Linux: AWS, Netflix, Google, Facebook, even Microsoft Distrowatch lists 248 live Linux distributions, as of November 2019. Linux is free. 248 types to try out! Linux 102 © Brian Byrne, 2020 Twitter: @BrianLinuxing Email:[email protected]

Run one of these? Linux has you covered! Linux 102
© Brian Byrne, 2020 Twitter: @BrianLinuxing Email:[email protected]

Linux 102 © Brian Byrne, 2020 Twitter: @BrianLinuxing Email:[email protected] Plus
another 10+ browsers!

Linux runs everything (free apps): Word-processors, managing PDFs, graphic and
image editing, non-linear video, audio editing, databases (SQL, NoSQL), web servers, blogging and lots of coding tools too: git, C, C++, Dart, Swift, Javascript/Node, Python, Go, Ruby, Java, Fortran, PASCAL, COBOL, the lot! All free! Linux 102 © Brian Byrne, 2020 Twitter: @BrianLinuxing Email: [email protected]

Who runs Linux? Linux 102 © Brian Byrne, 2020 Twitter:
@BrianLinuxing Email: [email protected]

The International Space Station Linux 102 © Brian Byrne, 2020
Twitter: @BrianLinuxing Email:[email protected] 22

CERN and the Large Hadron Collider Linux 102 © Brian
Byrne, 2020 Twitter: @BrianLinuxing Email:[email protected] 23

Does Linux cost much? Linux 102 © Brian Byrne, 2020
Twitter: @BrianLinuxing Email:[email protected]

Zero cost Linux 102 © Brian Byrne, 2020 Twitter: @BrianLinuxing
Email:[email protected]

The Raspberry Pi - the most popular small board computer
Linux 102 © Brian Byrne, 2020 Twitter: @BrianLinuxing Email:[email protected]

The Summit Supercomputer (Oak Ridge National Laboratory) Linux 102 ©
Brian Byrne, 2020 Twitter: @BrianLinuxing Email:[email protected]

What’s a supercomputer and why are they important? Typically, these
are the most expensive and fastest systems that can be purchased or created. US: Summit (created by IBM for Oak Ridge National Laboratory) uses IBM POWER9 CPUs and Nvidia Tesla GPUs, cost ~ $200 million, High Performance Linpack (HPL) benchmark ~148.6 petaflops. China: Sunway TaihuLight (created by China’s own NRCPC) uses SW26010 manycore 64-bit RISC processors, cost ~$273 million, LINPACK benchmark ~93 petaflops. Linux 102 © Brian Byrne, 2020 Twitter: @BrianLinuxing Email:[email protected]

Top 500 supercomputers If someone is going to spend $200
million on a really, really fast supercomputer then it follows they will probably have spent a lot of time considering which operating system is best for it? In the case of the top 500 supercomputers in the world, they all run Linux. https://www.top500.org/statistics/details/osfam/1 That should tell you something. Linux 102 © Brian Byrne, 2020 Twitter: @BrianLinuxing Email:[email protected] 29

Reasons to use Linux It does everything that Windows does,
but better. It is used extensively in business, and is secure. Most backend computing involves the use of Linux. It is all over the Cloud, even at Microsoft, particularly in Azure. Plenty of choice (248+ varieties). It’s comparatively lightweight on computing resources, thus faster. It is the future, from a ~£36 computer to one costing $200+ millions. Linux 102 © Brian Byrne, 2020 Twitter: @BrianLinuxing Email:[email protected]

Linux facts All major Cloud providers offer Linux. 2/3s of
web servers run Linux. ~2.7% on desktop, >26% among devs. Android (based on the Linux kernel) has an approximate 69% market share. Linux’s specialness: It’s largely written in C, simple and small, works on low-end CPUs, and is supported across 10+ computer architectures. Linux 102 © Brian Byrne, 2020 Twitter: @BrianLinuxing Email:[email protected] 31

Microsoft and Linux WSL2 - Windows Subsystem for Linux 2
- a Linux kernel and shell directly from Windows 10. “Sasha Levin, Microsoft Linux kernel developer, in a request that Microsoft be allowed to join a Linux security list, revealed that: "the Linux usage on our cloud has surpassed Windows". “ See https://www.zdnet.com/article/microsoft-asks-to-join-private-linux-secu rity-developer-list/ Linux 102 © Brian Byrne, 2020 Twitter: @BrianLinuxing Email:[email protected] 32

Want more Linux? Visit Distrowatch.com! Linux 102 © Brian Byrne,
2020 Twitter: @BrianLinuxing Email:[email protected] 33

Why are operating systems so important? Linux 102 © Brian
Byrne, 2020 Twitter: @BrianLinuxing Email:[email protected]

Linux 102 © Brian Byrne, 2020 Twitter: @BrianLinuxing Email:[email protected]

No operating systems, no apps! Linux 102 © Brian Byrne,
2020 Twitter: @BrianLinuxing Email:[email protected] 36

Teams and pairs Linux 102 © Brian Byrne, 2020 Twitter:
@BrianLinuxing Email:[email protected]

Teams Please, please work in teams, seriously. Teams. There is
a lot of information to take in, it's best done in pairs or as a team. Please do write things down and help each other. I talk a lot, in paragraphs. It is good if you help each other, plus more fun :) Questions? Please keep the questions until the end. Read the FAQs. Linux 102 © Brian Byrne, 2020 Twitter: @BrianLinuxing Email:[email protected]

Requirements: A laptop enabled for virtualisation (Hyper-V, if Windows) VirtualBox
6 installed. Download Peppermint Linux 10 (32 bit edition). Ideally 10+ Gb of free disk space. 4Gb or better of RAM. Mac, Windows 7 (64 bit when possible) or better. Linux 102 © Brian Byrne, 2020 Twitter: @BrianLinuxing Email:[email protected]

Media - USB sticks available Copies of VirtualBox 6 for
Mac OS (blue) and Windows (orange) are on USB sticks. Peppermint Linux 10 (32 bit edition) and Lubuntu 18.04 too. Please copy them to your desktop, then return the USB sticks and install where necessary. Peppermint Linux 10 (32 bit edition) https://peppermintos.com/ Lubuntu 18.04.3LTS (Bionic Beaver) 32 bit desktop image http://cdimage.ubuntu.com/lubuntu/releases/18.04/release/ Linux 102 © Brian Byrne, 2020 Twitter: @BrianLinuxing Email:[email protected]

A word about hardware, VirtualBox and operating systems Linux 102

A word about LTS and 32 bit LTS - Long
Term Support Ubuntu type releases come out every six months (April and October), but LTS versions are supported for 5 years, thus are preferable, 16.04, 18.04, etc Is 64 bit better than 32 bit? Not always, 32 bit Linux can work better with 64-bit host operating systems, if 64 bit doesn’t work for you then use 32 bit. Functionally, for our purposes, there is, little to, no difference between them. Linux 102 © Brian Byrne, 2020 Twitter: @BrianLinuxing Email:[email protected]

What is Peppermint Linux? And why use it? Peppermint Linux
10 is a derivative of Lubuntu 18.04 and uses the Ubuntu repositories. In terms of design it is slightly simpler and thus faster than standard Ubuntu, but in functional terms it is the equivalent. Any application that can be installed on standard Ubuntu 18.04 works on Peppermint 10 Linux, without any change. It has less hardware requirements and therefore is a bit faster. Linux 102 © Brian Byrne, 2020 Twitter: @BrianLinuxing Email:[email protected]

Got Windows? We are hosting Peppermint Linux within VirtualBox, which
in turn is hosted under the main operating system. If you are running Windows? Is Hyper-V working? Is virtualisation enabled, etc? If not, then VirtualBox won’t work. See section 8.0 Linux 102 © Brian Byrne, 2020 Twitter: @BrianLinuxing Email:[email protected] 44

What we are going to do: 1. Create a virtual
machine entry under VirtualBox 6. 2. Fix the settings for the virtual machine in VirtualBox 6. 3. Boot Linux (Peppermint 10, it’s a similar procedure for other distros). 4. Run the installer. 5. Install Peppermint Linux (from within a “live” copy of Linux). • Take the defaults and click on Continue 6. Shutdown the “live” Linux 7. Post installation VirtualBox tasks: • Remove the boot media. • Update from the repo, if time allows. Linux 102 © Brian Byrne, 2020 Twitter: @BrianLinuxing Email:[email protected]

How we are going to do it: 1. I shall
walk you through each step. 2. Do not follow everything robotically, use common sense! 3. The graphics will vary slightly depending on if you installed VirtualBox on Linux, MacOS or Windows, but they are essentially the same. 4. We will look at a short description of the task, then I will take you through it via screenshots. 5. If you see any typos (I expect many!) please DM me on Twitter :), the slides are numbered. 6. Remember it is much, much easier than it looks :) Linux 102 © Brian Byrne, 2020 Twitter: @BrianLinuxing Email:[email protected] 46

0. Starting VirtualBox for the first time Linux 102 ©
Brian Byrne, 2020 Twitter: @BrianLinuxing Email:[email protected]

1. Create a virtual machine entry under VirtualBox 6 The
quick way a. Start VirtualBox ->New->Name->"Ubuntu32a"->Version->Ubuntu (32-bit)->Next(Memory Size)->1792->Next->Create (create a virtual hard disk now) b. Next (VDI)->Next (dynamically allocated)->Create (10.00 GB) Linux 102 © Brian Byrne, 2020 Twitter: @BrianLinuxing Email:[email protected]

1. Create a virtual machine entry under VirtualBox Linux 102

1a. Fill in the details Linux 102 © Brian Byrne,
2020 Twitter: @BrianLinuxing Email: [email protected]

1b. Memory size Linux 102 © Brian Byrne, 2020 Twitter:

1c. Hard disk Linux 102 © Brian Byrne, 2020 Twitter:

1e. Storage on physical hard disk Linux 102 © Brian
Byrne, 2020 Twitter: @BrianLinuxing Email: [email protected]

1f. File location and size Linux 102 © Brian Byrne,

1g. Return main screen of Oracle VM Virtual Manager Linux
102 © Brian Byrne, 2020 Twitter: @BrianLinuxing Email: [email protected]

2. Fix the settings for the virtual machine in VirtualBox
a. Select <the name of your virtual instance> b. Settings->Storage->Controller: IDE->Empty (the disk symbol)->Live CD/DVD (tick)->Optical Drive->the disk symbol(select)->Choose Virtual Optical Disk File->(it opens the file manager-> select the Peppermint image->Open b. Check the Controller: IDE, does it have Peppermint-10, etc. there ? c. Click on OK, it returns to Oracle VM VirtualBox Manager. Linux 102 © Brian Byrne, 2020 Twitter: @BrianLinuxing Email: [email protected]

2a. The basic entry for a virtual machine entry in
VirtualBox Linux 102 © Brian Byrne, 2020 Twitter: @BrianLinuxing Email: [email protected]

2b. Fix the settings on a virtual machine entry in
VirtualBox Linux 102 © Brian Byrne, 2020 Twitter: @BrianLinuxing Email: [email protected]

2c. Storage Linux 102 © Brian Byrne, 2020 Twitter: @BrianLinuxing
Email: [email protected]

2d. Storage->Controller: IDE->Empty Linux 102 © Brian Byrne, 2020 Twitter:

2e. Connect the ISO to the IDE controller Linux 102
© Brian Byrne, 2020 Twitter: @BrianLinuxing Email: [email protected]

2f. Check the Controller: IDE, does it have Peppermint there?
Linux 102 © Brian Byrne, 2020 Twitter: @BrianLinuxing Email: [email protected]

2g. Back to the Oracle VM VIrtualBox Manager Linux 102

3. Boot Linux (Peppermint 10) a. Select <the name of
your virtual instance) ->Start (click on green button). b. “Try Peppermint OS Live” and hit the return key. c. It will start up in console mode, ignore any minor error messages. d. Wait until you see the “live” Linux desktop. e. Problems? Kernel panics? Running Windows? See below Linux 102 © Brian Byrne, 2020 Twitter: @BrianLinuxing Email: [email protected]

3a. Boot it, from Start Linux 102 © Brian Byrne,

3b. Console Linux 102 © Brian Byrne, 2020 Twitter: @BrianLinuxing

3c. Starting up Linux 102 © Brian Byrne, 2020 Twitter:

3d. Wait until you see the “live”Linux desktop Linux 102

4. Run the installer a. Select “Install Peppermint 10” and
hit the return key. b. Wait for the Welcome screen. c. Follow the instructions below. Also, see the first part of https://peppermintos.com/guide/7-oem-installation/ Linux 102 © Brian Byrne, 2020 Twitter: @BrianLinuxing Email: [email protected]

4a. Select “Install Peppermint 10” and hit the return key
Linux 102 © Brian Byrne, 2020 Twitter: @BrianLinuxing Email: [email protected]

5. Install Peppermint Linux (from within a “live” copy of
Linux) a. Install Peppermint 10 ->English->Continue->English(UK)->Continue->Normal installation-UNCLICK->Download updates while…->Continue b. Erase disk and Install Peppermint->Write the changes to disk?->Continue->Where are you->Continue c. Who are you (fill in)->Continue d. Installation complete->Continue Testing->Menu->Shutdown Icon (green)->Shutdown [see https://tutorials.ubuntu.com/tutorial/tutorial-install-ubuntu-desktop#2 and https://peppermintos.com/guide/7-oem-installation/ ] Linux 102 © Brian Byrne, 2020 Twitter: @BrianLinuxing Email: [email protected]

5a. Welcome Linux 102 © Brian Byrne, 2020 Twitter: @BrianLinuxing

5.1 Installation notes Take all sensible defaults, except the “Download
updates while…” Just keep doing Continue after you have fully read the screens. There are only six simple steps: a) Welcome b) Keyboard layout c) Updates and other software (take care here) d) Installation type (and write changes) e) Where are you? f) Who are you? It installs, it says so and then we shutdown via the Menu. Linux 102 © Brian Byrne, 2020 Twitter: @BrianLinuxing Email: [email protected]

5b. Keyboard layout Linux 102 © Brian Byrne, 2020 Twitter:

5c. Updates and other software Linux 102 © Brian Byrne,

5d. Installation type Linux 102 © Brian Byrne, 2020 Twitter:

5d. Installation type - write changes Linux 102 © Brian

5e. Where are you? Linux 102 © Brian Byrne, 2020
Twitter: @BrianLinuxing Email: [email protected]

5f. Who are you? Linux 102 © Brian Byrne, 2020

5g. Who are you? Filling in Linux 102 © Brian

5h. It installs Linux 102 © Brian Byrne, 2020 Twitter:

5i. The installation finishes Linux 102 © Brian Byrne, 2020

6b. Back to the Oracle VM VirtualBox Manager Linux 102

6.2 Explaining it and the post installation VirtualBox tasks We
have distilled the contents of the ISO Linux image into a file structure under VirtualBox that pretends to be a real disk. We have set-up this new Peppermint Linux disk with the defaults you typed in. There are two minor tasks to complete then everything will be ready! Firstly, we must remove the live boot media or when it reboots it would return to the installation media, instead of the newly installed Kali system. Then we should always update the system before installing anything else. Linux 102 © Brian Byrne, 2020 Twitter: @BrianLinuxing Email: [email protected]

Break time Typically, installing Peppermint Linux takes anywhere from 20
to 45 minutes to install, depending on the speed and age of your hardware. Time for a quick cuppa! Linux 102 © Brian Byrne, 2020 Twitter: @BrianLinuxing Email: [email protected]

7. Post installation VirtualBox tasks Remove the boot media. Update
from the repo, if time allows. Linux 102 © Brian Byrne, 2020 Twitter: @BrianLinuxing Email: [email protected]

7.1 Remove the boot media Ensure the virtual instance is
powered down. Go to the Settings->Storage->Controller: IDE->Peppermint->Live CD/DVD (untick)->Optical Drive->the disk symbol(select)->Remove Disk from Virtual Drive->OK Linux 102 © Brian Byrne, 2020 Twitter: @BrianLinuxing Email: [email protected]

7.1f Back to the Oracle VM VirtualBox Manager Linux 102

7.2 Update from the repo, if time allows A system
update and upgrade must be run before installing any more applications, whenever possible. The first update of Peppermint Linux after a clean installation can take 20-30 minutes depending on the network speed and the capacity of the laptop. It must not be interrupted or will, potentially, ruin the new setup. In this case it is best done at home or later on. Full details in Linux 103. Let’s boot and start using it. Linux 102 © Brian Byrne, 2020 Twitter: @BrianLinuxing Email: [email protected]

8.0 Windows issues and fixes Firstly, enable virtualisation in the
BIOS. Enter your laptop’s BIOS/UEFI setup, then using the manufacturer's instructions change the settings to enable virtualisation. The precise method varies from laptop to laptop. This link works for many ThinkPads but not all laptops, please check your own model’s documentation. https://support.lenovo.com/gb/en/solutions/ht500006 Linux 102 © Brian Byrne, 2020 Twitter: @BrianLinuxing Email: [email protected]

8.1 Install Hyper V on Windows 7 Pro a) Download
or obtain the Remote Server Administration Tools (RAST) for Windows 7 with Service Pack 1 (SP1) - b) Control Panel->Programs->Turn Windows feature on or off->Remote Server-enable->Server Manager-enable->Role Admin-Hyper V-enable->Remote Desktop Service Tool-Enable c) Verify by: Windows Start Menu->Search programs and files d) Enter “Hyper-V”, wait a minute and Hyper-V Manager should come up, and so it should work. Linux 102 © Brian Byrne, 2020 Twitter: @BrianLinuxing Email: [email protected]

8.2 Turn on Hyper V Windows 8, 8.1 or 10
a) Programs and Features->Select Turn Windows Features on or off->Select Hyper-V and click OK. b) Follow the guides below https://techcommunity.microsoft.com/t5/ITOps-Talk-Blog/Step-By-Step-En abling-Hyper-V-for-use-on-Windows-10/ba-p/267945 https://www.onmsft.com/how-to/how-to-install-a-virtual-machine-on-wind ows-10-using-hyper-v-now-even-easier-with-quick-create https://www.petri.com/workaround-finding-missing-hyper-v-tools-window s-10 https://www.zdnet.com/article/windows-10-tip-quickly-create-a-virtual-ma chine-to-test-new-features/ Linux 102 © Brian Byrne, 2020 Twitter: @BrianLinuxing Email: [email protected]

All done. Now take a break, then do the Linux
103 workshop or read the FAQs Linux 102 © Brian Byrne, 2020 Twitter: @BrianLinuxing Email: [email protected]

FAQs Q1: What is Ubuntu Linux? Ubuntu is a very
popular and widely supported version of Linux. It was developed by Canonical and based on Debian. If any Windows or similar apps are ever released for Linux they will probably appear first under Ubuntu. Q2: Why then use Peppermint and not straight Ubuntu? A: Peppermint is slightly better for older machine and fully compatible with standard Ubuntu. Linux 102 © Brian Byrne, 2020 Twitter: @BrianLinuxing Email: [email protected]

Q3: Can I do this installation with other versions of
Linux? A: Yes, they are very similar. The overall procedure is comparable. Q4: Why use the 32 bit version here? Isn’t 64 bit better? A: 32 bit is more likely to work under your existing 64 bit architecture. 64 bit is often better but in this instance the difference is negligible. Linux 102 © Brian Byrne, 2020 Twitter: @BrianLinuxing Email: [email protected]

Q5: Does the Linux touch my partition or existing hard
drive? Where are its disks and my files? A: No, it runs under VirtualBox which in turn runs under either Windows 7/8/8.1/10 or MacOS. Your VirtualBox files are there. They are the big file that you created at the start, everything is in there. See the instructions 1a. Linux 102 © Brian Byrne, 2020 Twitter: @BrianLinuxing Email: [email protected]

Q6: Why do “Try Peppermint 10” and not just start
the installer directly? A: Temporarily running the installer under its own version of Linux verifies the setup and shows if the operating system will run in this instance of VirtualBox. Just being extra careful. Q7: Is that it? Have we finished? A: Yes, compared to many other operating systems Linux is comparatively trouble free during installation, but if they do occur most errors are minor and can be fixed with time. You will need to do the post-installation tasks and install any additional apps. Linux 102 © Brian Byrne, 2020 Twitter: @BrianLinuxing Email: [email protected]

Q8: What is the Linux kernel? It is the essence
of the operating system, it interacts with the hardware, allowing apps to run and managing memory, among many other things. It is a very, very complex topic best look at the kernel mailing. https://lkml.org/ Linux 102 © Brian Byrne, 2020 Twitter: @BrianLinuxing Email: [email protected]

Q9: What’s a Petaflop? Is it important? A: in this
context, Petaflop is an overall measurement of speed. A single Petaflop is said to be a thousand million million (10^15) floating-point operations per second. A Gigaflop is one billion floating-point operations per second. A Teraflop is 1,000 Gigaflops and a Petaflop is a 1,000 Teraflops! According to Hexus, the Core i7 8700K was measured at (Single precision) 61.41 GFLOPS. Linux 102 © Brian Byrne, 2020 Twitter: @BrianLinuxing Email: [email protected]

Q10: Where can I find more about the top 500
computers? https://www.top500.org/lists/top500/ Q11: WHere can I find figures on desktop Linux usage? Try: https://www.netmarketshare.com/operating-system-market-share.aspx Linux 102 © Brian Byrne, 2020 Twitter: @BrianLinuxing Email: [email protected]

Q12: Linux boots but gives a fuzzy screen A: Try
these: 1. Install the Extension Pack and try again 2. If that fails try Lubuntu 3. If that fails use Lubuntu with the F6 option and toggle nomodeset 4. If that fails try another distro Q13: I only have a 32 bit version of Windows. A: Use V5 of VirtualBox Linux 102 © Brian Byrne, 2020 Twitter: @BrianLinuxing Email: [email protected]

Q14: Is there any documentation on this? A: The main
Oracle documentation page: https://www.virtualbox.org/wiki/Documentation Linux 102 © Brian Byrne, 2020 Twitter: @BrianLinuxing Email: [email protected]

Q15: Why not use just Hyper-V, instead of VirtualBox? Hyper-V
runs on only Windows systems, these workshops are cross platform and focus on freely available software. Q16: What supported architectures does Debian support? See https://www.debian.org/releases/stretch/i386/ch02s01.html.en Linux 102 © Brian Byrne, 2020 Twitter: @BrianLinuxing Email: [email protected]

Q17: Where can I find out about Annie Easley? Physics
Today: https://physicstoday.scitation.org/do/10.1063/PT.6.6.20180423a/full/ NASA: https://www.nasa.gov/feature/annie-easley-computer-scientist Massive: https://massivesci.com/articles/annie-easley-facts-stem-mathematician-nas a-scientist-discrimination/ Linux 102 © Brian Byrne, 2020 Twitter: @BrianLinuxing Email: [email protected]

Q18: I am using a Chromebook, it is not working
for me Chrome OS is *not* Linux, it is close but not really Linux But have a look at: Set up Linux (Beta) on your Chromebook https://support.google.com/chromebook/answer/9145439?hl=en-GB Chrome OS devices/Crostini https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Chrome_OS_devices/Crostini Linux 102 © Brian Byrne, 2020 Twitter: @BrianLinuxing Email: [email protected]

Q19: What do the settings in Storage options mean? See
the Virtualbox documentation https://www.virtualbox.org/manual/ch03.html Linux 102 © Brian Byrne, 2020 Twitter: @BrianLinuxing Email: [email protected]

Brian’s follow-up talks cover: ➢ The history of operating systems
since the Abacus. ➢ The installation of Linux from scratch on bare metal laptops. ➢ Installing Linux with VirtualBox on MacOS or Windows 7/8/8.1 and 10. ➢ An introduction to the Linux Command Line Interface (CLI), post. installation tasks and software installation. ➢ [Coming soon] Building your own distro from scratch. Linux 102 © Brian Byrne, 2020 Twitter: @BrianLinuxing Email: [email protected]

Thank you for participating. If you enjoyed the presentation and
slides, then please leave a nice comment on Twitter, that would make me very happy. PS: All images herein are the copyright of their respective owners. Linux 102 © Brian Byrne, 2020 Twitter: @BrianLinuxing Email: [email protected]

Linux 102 - Installing Linux from scratch on Vi...

Linux 102 - Installing Linux from scratch on VirtualBox under Mac OS or Windows 7, 8, 8.1 or 10 by Brian Byrne

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