CGIAR consortium Outline of presentation • Introduction of IITA • Cassava Industrial revolution in Nigeria • Land suitability assessment for large scale cassava farming in Nigeria • Wells Farm • Cardinal Stone Agro Farm • Technology dissemination and adoption mapping • UPOCA project • SARD-SC adoption study (Cassava and Maize) – Vitamin A cassava – Disease mapping – CRP 1.2 Action and Field site
Our research for development activities have delivered over 70% of the CGIAR's positive impact on the food security and livelihoods of over 500 million people in sub-Saharan Africa and beyond. www.iita.org
one of the Consultative Group of International Agriculture Research Center (CGIAR) ❖Our mission is to work with partners to help resource-poor farmers raise agricultural production, improve food security, and increase incomes in Sub- Saharan Africa ❖Research mandate on cassava, maize, yam, soybean, banana/plantain, and cowpea ❖Headquarter in Ibadan, Nigeria, with research hubs in West, Southern, East, and Central Africa.
crop in Nigeria ❖Cassava has enjoyed over 400 years of cultivation in Nigeria ❖Mainly used as food crops (only 10% for industrial uses) ❖Brazil and Thailand employs 62% and 95% for industrial uses ❖Nigeria targets to earn $5 billion annually from cassava exports
0 15 30 45 60 1960 1973 1986 1999 2012 Brazil DR Congo Indonesia Nigeria Thailand Cassava production and yield of major producers Cassava yield (tonnes/ha) 0 6 12 18 24 1960 1975 1990 2005 2020 Brazil DR Congo Indonesia Nigeria Thailand Even though Nigeria is the largest producer in the world, yields are very low compared to the rest of the world
Akwa Ibom Ebonyi Enugu Anambra Imo Rivers Delta Abia Yield across States (t/ha) 0 5 15 10 20 25 30 35 Cassava yield gap of improved vs local varieties Yield trials in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria show high yield gap between researcher managed Cassava farm and farmer’s field
large scale cassava farming Soil fertility Rainfall Temperature Soil drainage Sunshine hour Soil depth Soil slope Population density (low density for industrial farming) Over 80% of Nigeria was found suitable for cassava cultivation
Nigeria Wells Farm targets about 200 tons/day about 5% of Starch market in Nigeria 230,000 tons of starch are needed annually in Nigeria. Only 13% is currently produced locally. Wells Farm acquired about 9000 Ha land from Edo state government IITA was consulted for land assessment and technical support
Nigeria LANDSAT images of 1987, 2001,2007 and Rapid Eye of 2013 were used to assess past and present land use Farmland was mainly undisturbed forest in 1987. Farming activities became prominent from 2001 which increased till 2013
Wells Farm, Benin, Edo state Erosion risk map Erosion risk is very high in the Farm location due to high rainfall (2000 mm/year) and hilly terrain ! 30 m DEM was used to perform erosion risk assessment using soil slope ! About 18% of the land was prone to gully erosion Gully erosion on the farm after 5 months of clearing
Wells Farm ,Comprehensive soil sampling was carried out for fertilizer recommendation and efficient nutrient management on the farm One composite sample was taken at every 10 ha (about 315 m spacing) About 900 samples was collected with the aid of GPS. Samples were analysed for nutrient elements such as pH, N, P,K and Organic Carbon
interpolation was done using Empirical Bayesian Kriging method ! It produces least cross validation errors ! Organic Carbon at top soil have some correlation with % tree cover map from University of Maryland
selection About 60,000 Ha was being assessed Cardinal stone Agro was prospecting for a 15,000 Ha for cassava farming. A combination of LANDSAT imagery of 1987, 2001 and 2006 with Quick Bird image of 2011 were used to evaluate land use and 30 m DEM to determine soil degradation potential. The15,000 Ha where land degradation problem was lowest was chosen
Africa will experience decreasing cassava suitability though this is only 9% by 2050. West Africa will be worst hit by climate change. About 29% in 2050 and 70% decrease in 2080 Data source: FAO/IIASA 2012 Cassava suitability & climate change
Africa will experience decreasing cowpea suitability, which worsens to 31% by 2080. Sahelian countries will be worst hit by climate change. About 52% in 2050 and 80% decrease in 2080 Data source: FAO/IIASA 2012 Cowpea suitability & climate change
IITA Cassava Mosaic Disease (CMD) project (USAID funded) ! To prevent spread of CMD to West Africa through dissemination of disease resistant varieties ! Unleasing the potential of cassava in Africa (UPOCA) funded by USAID ! Support to Agricultural Research of the strategic crops (SARD-SC) funded by African Development Bank (AfDB) . ! !
improved technologies or varieties to maximize production, commercialization, value addition and utilization of cassava in 7 Africa Countries UPOCA Project
km 1st year in GREEN Additional Projected spread to 20 km from the farm in the 2nd year in PURPLE Distribution & Diffusion map of improved Malawi Ghana Sierra Leone
Evolution of High quality non- fermented cassava flour (HQCF) technology. HQCF technology was developed at IITA in the 1990s. Pilot testing of the technology was carried out in Nigeria from 1995 to 1998. ! Through training of farmers & processors, HQCF has spread all over Nigeria and other Africa countries Abass et al, 2011
SARD-SC project target is to improve cassava production, processing, marketing and use in different parts of the country. ! The approach is to expand cassava production and usage ! Introduction of efficient mechanized processing methods to smallholder rural entrepreneurs
Leone (SARD-SC, UPOCA) UPOCA project and SARD-SC working with Ministry of Agriculture (Sierra Leone) to build a network of cassava processing factories to aid small holder commercialization
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