Mapping agricultural innovations and technology diffusion in Africa

Transcript

1. www.iita.org A member of CGIAR consortium www.iita.org A member of CGIAR consortium Mapping agricultural innovations and technology diffusion in Africa Tunrayo Alabi Geospatial Laboratory
2. www.iita.org A member of CGIAR consortium www.iita.org A member of CGIAR consortium Outline of presentation • Introduction of IITA • Cassava Industrial revolution in Nigeria • Land suitability assessment for large scale cassava farming in Nigeria • Wells Farm • Cardinal Stone Agro Farm • Technology dissemination and adoption mapping • UPOCA project • SARD-SC adoption study (Cassava and Maize) – Vitamin A cassava – Disease mapping – CRP 1.2 Action and Field site
3. www.iita.org A member of CGIAR consortium Who we are 
 Our research for development activities have delivered over 70% of the CGIAR's positive impact on the food security and livelihoods of over 500 million people in sub-Saharan Africa and beyond. www.iita.org
4. www.iita.org A member of CGIAR consortium IITA mission ❖IITA is one of the Consultative Group of International Agriculture Research Center (CGIAR) ❖Our mission is to work with partners to help resource-poor farmers raise agricultural production, improve food security, and increase incomes in Sub- Saharan Africa ❖Research mandate on cassava, maize, yam, soybean, banana/plantain, and cowpea ❖Headquarter in Ibadan, Nigeria, with research hubs in West, Southern, East, and Central Africa.
5. www.iita.org A member of CGIAR consortium What we work on: ! IITA’s Mandate crops •Cassava (Manihot esculenta) •Maize (Zea mais) •Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) •Soybean (Glycine max) •Yam (Dioscorea sp.) •Banana, Plantain (Musa sp.)
6. www.iita.org A member of CGIAR consortium Where we work IITA Hub & stations 4000 Project & Trial sites Approx.
7. www.iita.org A member of CGIAR consortium Cassava: A new industrial crop in Nigeria 
 ❖Cassava has enjoyed over 400 years of cultivation in Nigeria ❖Mainly used as food crops (only 10% for industrial uses) ❖Brazil and Thailand employs 62% and 95% for industrial uses ❖Nigeria targets to earn $5 billion annually from cassava exports
8. www.iita.org A member of CGIAR consortium Cassava production (Million tonnes) 0 15 30 45 60 1960 1973 1986 1999 2012 Brazil DR Congo Indonesia Nigeria Thailand Cassava production and yield of major producers Cassava yield (tonnes/ha) 0 6 12 18 24 1960 1975 1990 2005 2020 Brazil DR Congo Indonesia Nigeria Thailand Even though Nigeria is the largest producer in the world, yields are very low compared to the rest of the world
9. www.iita.org A member of CGIAR consortium Edo Bayelsa Cross River Akwa Ibom Ebonyi Enugu Anambra Imo Rivers Delta Abia Yield across States (t/ha) 0 5 15 10 20 25 30 35 Cassava yield gap of improved vs local varieties Yield trials in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria show high yield gap between researcher managed Cassava farm and farmer’s field
10. www.iita.org A member of CGIAR consortium Cassava industrial Products ❖Textile industries ❖Ethanol in fuel ❖Bakery & Flour industries ❖Animal feeds ❖Chips/pellets
11. www.iita.org A member of CGIAR consortium Land suitability assessment for large scale cassava farming Soil fertility Rainfall Temperature Soil drainage Sunshine hour Soil depth Soil slope Population density (low density for industrial farming) Over 80% of Nigeria was found suitable for cassava cultivation
12. www.iita.org A member of CGIAR consortium Land availability for commercial farming
13. www.iita.org A member of CGIAR consortium Wells Farm, Edo State, Nigeria Wells Farm targets about 200 tons/day about 5% of Starch market in Nigeria 230,000 tons of starch are needed annually in Nigeria. Only 13% is currently produced locally. Wells Farm acquired about 9000 Ha land from Edo state government IITA was consulted for land assessment and technical support
14. www.iita.org A member of CGIAR consortium Wells Farm, Edo State, Nigeria LANDSAT images of 1987, 2001,2007 and Rapid Eye of 2013 were used to assess past and present land use Farmland was mainly undisturbed forest in 1987. Farming activities became prominent from 2001 which increased till 2013
15. www.iita.org A member of CGIAR consortium Soil degradation potential assessment Wells Farm, Benin, Edo state Erosion risk map Erosion risk is very high in the Farm location due to high rainfall (2000 mm/year) and hilly terrain ! 30 m DEM was used to perform erosion risk assessment using soil slope ! About 18% of the land was prone to gully erosion Gully erosion on the farm after 5 months of clearing
16. www.iita.org A member of CGIAR consortium Soil nutrient assessment at Wells Farm ,Comprehensive soil sampling was carried out for fertilizer recommendation and efficient nutrient management on the farm One composite sample was taken at every 10 ha (about 315 m spacing) About 900 samples was collected with the aid of GPS. Samples were analysed for nutrient elements such as pH, N, P,K and Organic Carbon
17. www.iita.org A member of CGIAR consortium Soil fertility mapping Geostatistical interpolation was done using Empirical Bayesian Kriging method ! It produces least cross validation errors ! Organic Carbon at top soil have some correlation with % tree cover map from University of Maryland
18. www.iita.org A member of CGIAR consortium Cardinal Stone Farm land selection About 60,000 Ha was being assessed Cardinal stone Agro was prospecting for a 15,000 Ha for cassava farming. A combination of LANDSAT imagery of 1987, 2001 and 2006 with Quick Bird image of 2011 were used to evaluate land use and 30 m DEM to determine soil degradation potential. The15,000 Ha where land degradation problem was lowest was chosen
19. www.iita.org A member of CGIAR consortium By 2080, 27% of Africa will experience decreasing cassava suitability though this is only 9% by 2050. 
 
 West Africa will be worst hit by climate change. About 29% in 2050 and 70% decrease in 2080
 
 Data source: FAO/IIASA 2012
 
 
 Cassava suitability & climate change
20. www.iita.org A member of CGIAR consortium By 2050, 18% of Africa will experience decreasing cowpea suitability, which worsens to 31% by 2080. 
 
 Sahelian countries will be worst hit by climate change. About 52% in 2050 and 80% decrease in 2080
 
 Data source: FAO/IIASA 2012
 
 
 Cowpea suitability & climate change
21. www.iita.org A member of CGIAR consortium Technology diffusion projects at IITA Cassava Mosaic Disease (CMD) project (USAID funded) ! To prevent spread of CMD to West Africa through dissemination of disease resistant varieties ! Unleasing the potential of cassava in Africa (UPOCA) funded by USAID ! Support to Agricultural Research of the strategic crops (SARD-SC) funded by African Development Bank (AfDB) . ! !
22. www.iita.org A member of CGIAR consortium Cassava adoption in Africa
23. www.iita.org A member of CGIAR consortium 2060 farmers surveyed across 4 countries SARD-SC baseline survey Cassava adoption in Africa
24. www.iita.org A member of CGIAR consortium Maize adoption in Africa SARD-SC baseline survey
25. www.iita.org A member of CGIAR consortium Higher adoption rate in southern Africa than in West Africa by farmer perception 2840 farmers surveyed in 4 countries Maize adoption in Africa SARD-SC baseline survey
26. www.iita.org A member of CGIAR consortium UPOCA aims to deploy improved technologies or varieties to maximize production, commercialization, value addition and utilization of cassava in 7 Africa Countries UPOCA Project
27. www.iita.org A member of CGIAR consortium Projected diffusion of 10 km 1st year in GREEN Additional Projected spread to 20 km from the farm in the 2nd year in PURPLE Distribution & Diffusion map of improved Malawi Ghana Sierra Leone
28. www.iita.org A member of CGIAR consortium UPOCA Cassava project: IITA improved variety in Africa
29. www.iita.org A member of CGIAR consortium Over 340,000 Farmers have Received Vitamin A cassava in the last 3 years in Nigeria Vitamin A Cassava Dissemination
30. www.iita.org A member of CGIAR consortium Technology diffusion: Food processing Evolution of High quality non- fermented cassava flour (HQCF) technology. HQCF technology was developed at IITA in the 1990s. Pilot testing of the technology was carried out in Nigeria from 1995 to 1998. ! Through training of farmers & processors, HQCF has spread all over Nigeria and other Africa countries Abass et al, 2011
31. www.iita.org A member of CGIAR consortium SARD-SC, Cassava Processing Tanzania SARD-SC project target is to improve cassava production, processing, marketing and use in different parts of the country. ! The approach is to expand cassava production and usage ! Introduction of efficient mechanized processing methods to smallholder rural entrepreneurs
32. www.iita.org A member of CGIAR consortium Cassava processors in Sierra Leone (SARD-SC, UPOCA) UPOCA project and SARD-SC working with Ministry of Agriculture (Sierra Leone) to build a network of cassava processing factories to aid small holder commercialization
33. www.iita.org A member of CGIAR consortium Cassava Anthracnose Disease Cassava bacteria blight Disease Soybean rust .. Map was used to plan deployment of diseases resistant varieties Disease monitoring and modelling
34. www.iita.org A member of CGIAR consortium Cassava brown streak virus disease(CBSD) Cassava Mosaic Virus Disease (CMD) Burundi Tanzania Tanzania Cassava Disease mapping
35. www.iita.org A member of CGIAR consortium Disease survey in Tanzania Cassava Brown Streak Cassava Green mite Cassava Green mite Severity high near the lake -yield loss up 80%
36. www.iita.org A member of CGIAR consortium CRP HumidTropic, Action and Field sites
37. www.iita.org A member of CGIAR consortium Thanks very much